gender

Question 1

define sex

Answer 1

biological assignment
refer to physical attributes
male or female

Question 2

define gender

Answer 2

social assignment
refer to behaviour, how someone feels about themselves
masculine or feminine

Question 3

define gender typing

Answer 3

adopting sex and gender appropriate stereotypes ie girl playing dress up

Question 4

define gender identity

Answer 4

self identification as male or female

based on perception of self

Question 5

define gender stereotypes

Answer 5

common views within society/culture about how males and females should act
changes throughout cultures

Question 6

describe western female stereotypes

Answer 6

children
-like dolls, dress up 
-cry easily
-kind and understanding 
-prefer indoors
adults
-lang and creative skills
-talk about feelings
-compassionate, empathetic
-poor spacial, bad drivers
-home oriented

Question 7

describe western male sterotypes

Answer 7

children
-like trains, cars and building
-shouldnt cry
-rough and tumble play
-outdoor physical play 
adults
-maths, science and engineering skills
-physical activity and poor listeners
-discuss topics
-less empathetic
-competitive
-career oriented

Question 8

describe bonk and ashmore 2003

Answer 8

despite improvements, gender stereotypes still prominent within society
within books, films etc

Question 9

describe eichstedt et al 2002

Answer 9

children aware of stereotypes as early as 18m

Question 10

Money 1976

Answer 10

David Reimer ablatio penis 7m routine circumcision

Brought up as girl - believe can socialise

Report successful
- like girl things and adopt identity

Question 11

Diamond and sigmundon 1997

Answer 11

David Reimer not adopt to Brenda
Suffer many issues and confused
Liked boys and boy things
Transitioned back and later commit suicide

Question 12

Goldwyn 1979

Answer 12

Daphne went 
Androgen insensitivity syndrome 
No testosterone 
Body as female but chromosomally male 
Live successfully as woman

Question 13

Bio influences

Answer 13

Genes
Hormones ie testosterone and oestrogen
Brain differences or autism male brain

Question 14

Social influences

Answer 14

Parents
Society
Cultural views and stereotypes
Early experiences

Question 15

Bandura Ross and Ross 1961

Answer 15

Agg In boys and girls exposed to agg/non agg role models

Increase in physical agg in boys exposed to agg male

Increase in verbal agg in girls exposed to female

• observe and imitate
• evolutionary advantage for gender specific behaviours - still conform