Voluntary Muscles

Question 1

What are the 14 ‘main’ voluntary muscles?

Answer 1

(1) Biceps
(2) Triceps
(3) Quadriceps
(4) Hamstrings
(5) Trapezius
(6) Latissimus Dorsi
(7) Erector Spinae
(8) Pectorals
(9) Obliques
(10) Abdominals
(11) Gluteus Maximus
(12) Gastrocnemius
(13) Deltoids
(14) Soleus

Question 2

Which muscle is located at the front of the arm?
What is its role? (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 2

Name: bicep
Role: FLEXION at the elbow
Example: upwards phase of a biceps curl

Question 3

Which muscle is located at the back of the upper leg? What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 3

Name: hamstring
Role: FLEXION of the leg at the knee
Example: bending the trailing leg going over a hurdle

Question 4

Which muscle is located at the back of the arm?
What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 4

Name: tricep
Role: back of the upper arm
Example: straightening the arms in a chest press

Question 5

Which muscle is located at the front of the upper leg? What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 5

Name: quadriceps
Role: EXTENSION of the leg at the knee
Example: straightening the leading leg going over a hurdle

Question 6

What is FLEXION?

Answer 6

bending a joint

Question 7

What is EXTENSION?

Answer 7

straightening a joint

Question 8

What word means bending a joint?

Answer 8

FLEXION

Question 9

What word means extending a joint?

Answer 9

EXTENSION

Question 10

Which muscle is located in the upper back, from the neck across the shoulders?
What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 10

Name: trapezius
Role: neck EXTENSION and shoulder ELEVATION
Example: the butterfly stroke in swimming- when the arms are thrown sideways and backwards out of the water

Question 11

Which muscle is located at the side of the back?
What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 11

Name: latissimus dorsi
Role: ADDUCTS the upper arm at the shoulder/rotates the humerus
Example: bringing arms back to the sides during a straight jump in trampolining.

Question 12

Which muscle runs either side of the spine?
What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 12

Name: erector spinae
Role: extension of the spine
Example: during back extension, you raise your arms by your side and raise your shoulders off the floor so that you are arching backwards

Question 13

Which muscle is located at the front of the upper chest? What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 13

Name: pectorals
Role: adducts the arm at the shoulder
Example: follow through from a forehand drive in tennis

Question 14

Which muscle runs down both sides of the waist?
What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 14

Name: obliques
Role: lateral (sideways) FLEXION of the spine
Example: oblique curls- involve bending over to one side of the body without leaning forwards or backwards and then returning to upright.

Question 15

Which muscle is located at the front of the torso, below the upper chest? What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 15

Name: abdominals
Role: FLEXION and ROTATION of the spine
Example: pike diving position

Question 16

What does ‘ADDUCT’ mean?

Answer 16

to move towards the midline of the body

Question 17

What words mean to move towards the midline of the body?

Answer 17

ADDUCT

Question 18

Which muscle is located in the buttocks?
What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 18

Name: gluteus maximus
Role: EXTENSION of the leg at the hip
Example: lifting the leg back at the hip when running

Question 19

Which muscle is located in the back of the lower leg?
What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 19

Name: gastrocnemius
Role: pointing toes- extension at the ankle
Example: pointing toes when performing a straddle jump in trampolining

Question 20

Which muscle is located at the top of the shoulder?
What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 20

Name: deltoid
Role: ABDUCTS the arm at the shoulder. shoulder FLEXION and extension in combination this is CIRCUMDUCTION
Example: lifting your arms above your head to block the ball in volleyball. rotating your arm during the bowling action in cricket.

Question 21

Which muscle is located beneath the gastrocnemius?
What is its role (which joint and which movement)?
Give an example of when it is used.

Answer 21

Name: soleus
Role: PLANTARFLEXION of the ankle with knee bent
Example: pushing off from the blocks in a sprint start

Question 22

What does ‘abducts’ mean?

Answer 22

to move away from the midline of the body.

Question 23

Which word means to move away from the midline of the body?

Answer 23

ABDUCT

Question 24

Which two muscles are responsible for ankle plantarflexion when pushing off the blocks in a sprint start?

Answer 24

soleus and the gastrocnemius

Question 25

Which muscle enables you to raise weights out to the side?

Answer 25

deltoids