Skeleton Flashcards
What is the name of the skull?
cranium
What is the name of the collarbone?
clavicle
What is the name of the bone that is located in the shoulder?
scapula
What is the name of the bone in the upper arm?
humerus
What is the name of the thinner bone in the lower arm?
radius
What is the name of the thicker bone in the lower arm?
ulna
What is the name of the bone in the middle of the rib cage?
sternum
What is the name of the range of bones that run down the back?
vertebral column
What is the name of the bone in which the hips are situated?
pelvis
What is the name of the bone in the upper leg?
femur
What is the bone in the knee?
patella
What is the bone at the front of the lower leg?
tibia
What is the collective name given to the part of the skeleton which main function is to provide support (but it also protects organs and provides a means for muscles to be attached.)
the axial skeleton
Which bones are in the axial skeleton?
(1) cranium
(2) ribs
(3) sternum
(4) vertebral column
What is the collective name of the part of the skeleton whose main function is to allow movement (but it also protects some of the major organs and provides a means for the attachment of muscles?)
the appendicular skeleton
What are the 5 types of bones?
(1) long bones
(2) short bones
(3) flat bones
(4) irregular bones
(5) sesamoid bones
Which type of bone is used in large movements and acts as levers?
long bones
Which type of bone protects internal organs?
flat bones
Which type of bone is used in smaller movements?
short bones
Which type of bone is long?
long bones
Which long bones are not long?
short bones
Which type of bone has a tubular structure?
long bones
Which type of bone is covered by hyaline or articular cartilage?
long bones
Give 2 examples of a long bone.
humerus and the femur
The femur and humerus are examples of which type of bones?
long bones
Which type of bone is cube-shaped?
short bones
The carpals and tarsals are an example of what type of bone?
short bones
Give 2 examples of SHORT bones.
carpals and tarsals
Which type of bone is thin, flat and slightly curved?
flat bones
Give 3 examples of a flat bone.
cranium, scapula and the sternum
The cranium is an example of which type of bone?
flat
The sternum is an example of which type of bone?
flat
The scapula is an example of which type of bone?
flat
Which type of bone is irregular in shape?
facial bones and vertebrae
Give two examples of irregular bones?
facials bones and some facial bones
Which type of bone is small and oval shaped?
sesamoid bones
Which type of bone is embedded in tendons?
sesamoid bones
Where are SESAMOID bones located?
where a tendon passes over a joint
Give an example of a SESAMOID bone?
patella
The patella is an example of what type of bone?
sesamoid bone
What are the 6 parts of the appendicular skeleton?
(1) pectoral (shoulder) girdles
(2) upper extremities (arms and forearms)
(3) pelvic girdle
(4) hands and wrists
(5) lower extremities (upper and lower legs)
(6) feet and ankles
Which skeleton is the cranium a part of?
the axial skeleton
Which skeleton are the ribs a part of?
the axial skeleton
Which skeleton is the sternum a part of?
the axial skeleton
Which skeleton is the vertebral column a part of?
the axial skeleton
Which skeleton is the pectoral (shoulder girdles) a part of?
The appendicular skeleton
Which skeleton are the arms and forearms a part of?
The appendicular skeleton
Which skeleton is the pelvic girdle a part of?
The appendicular girdle
Which skeleton are the hands and wrist a part of?
The appendicular
Which skeleton are the upper and lower legs a part of?
The appendicular
Which skeleton are the feet and ankles a part of?
The appendicular
What are the 6 main functions of the skeletal system?
(1) protection
(2) muscle attachment and movement
(3) support
(4) shape
(5) blood production
(6) storage of minerals
How does the skeleton protect a rugby player’s vital organs?
Their rib cage protects their heart and lungs when being tackled
Complete these sentences about the importance of the role that the SKELETON plays in MUSCLE ATTACHMENT and MOVEMENT:
Muscles are attaches to (1)_______via (2) __________.
Bones have (3) ____________that permit MOVEMENT.
When a muscle contracts, the (4) ____________ that it is connected to pull on the (5) ________ and produces MOVEMENT.
The joints between bones produce MOVEMENT, but without healthy (6) ____________ ____________ sites (tendons) and joints, athletes would not be able to compete effectively.
(1) bone
(2) tendons
(3) joints
(4) tendon
(5) bone
(6) MUSCLE ATTACHMENT
The skeleton provides the __________ that enables a gymnast to balance when performing a handstand.
Support
In which sport is the SHAPE function of the skeleton important and what shape is important?
Basketball- being tall
Where are red blood cells produced?
Bone marrow
Having more blood cells increases the ability to have more what in the blood?
More oxygen
How does having more oxygen in his or her red blood cells help improve sport performance?
Means that a performer can work for longer
Which 4 minerals are stored in bones?
(1) calcium
(2) phosphorous
(3) sodium
(4) potassium
Which mineral stored in the bones is important for bone and teeth formation, clotting blood and muscle contraction?
Calcium
Which mineral is important for bone and teeth formation and energy metabolism?
Phosphorous
Which mineral stored in the bones is important for muscle contraction and nerve impulses?
Sodium
Which mineral stored in the bones is important for muscle contraction and the functioning of the nervous system?
Potassium
How many pairs of ribs comprise the rib cage?
12 pairs
What are the three parts of the rib case and how many pairs are there in each?
(1) TRUE RIBS- 7
(2) FALSE RIBS- 3
(3) FLOATING RIBS- 2
Which type of ribs attach to the vertebrae and the sternum?
TRUE RIBS
What type of ribs attach to vertebrae at the back and the rib above at the front?
FALSE RIB
Which type of ribs only attach to the vertebrae at the back?
FLOATING RIBS
How many vertebrae make up the vertebral column?
33
What are the 5 regions of the vertebral column and how many vertebrae are in each? Which are fused?
(1) Cervical, 7 vertebrae, NOT fused
(2) Thoracic, 12 vertebrae, NOT fused
(3) Lumbar, 5 vertebrae, NOT fused
(4) Sacrum, 5 vertebrae, IS fused
(5) Coccyx, 4 vertebrae, IS fused