volcano-related, hydrometeorological, geological hazards Flashcards
ash fall
it is a volcano related hazard that refers to the deposition of ash resulting from a volcanic eruption
ballistic projectile
it is a volcano related hazard that refers tp the projectiles that come from a volcano. they are fragments of solid or fluid material that get ejected during eruptions. refers to larger objects, rather than fine objects like they in ashfall.
el nino
it is a hydrometeorological hazard that refers to the warming of the ocean surface and the weakening of winds from the east of the pacific ocean. thus, west winds push warm water to south america, causing drought
flash flood
it is a hydrometeorological hazard that refers to the floods that come as a result of excessive rainfall in a short period of time. the rain happens so fast that the underlying ground cant keep up with it/cant cope/ cant drain it fast enough. rain water is collected at a point, then goes down and floods a low lying area
flood
it is a hydrometeorological hazard that refers to the ponding of water at/near the point where rain falls. in comparison to flash floods that develop within hours or days, floods can take weeks to develop and can last for months
la nina
this is a hydrometeorological hazard that refers to the strengthening of trade winds and cooling of surface ocean water. because the winds are stronger, warm water is pushed to the west side of the pacific, while cold water stays in the east/along the coast of america. for the west side of the pacific, it becomes warmer, which results in increased rainfall
lahar
it is a volcano related hazard that refers to water in rivers that carry pyroclastic material, such as ashes and rocks. they refer to the mixture of water, rock, volcanic material, etc… that can flow fast and can reach far places. it is highly desctructive.
lava flow
it is a volcano related hazard that refers to the slow flow of viscous liquid made up of melted rock. because it is slow, it is less significant than lahar.
pyroclastic flow
it is a volcano related hazard that refers to the materials that come out after an eruption. these are usually slow and only affect nearby places . but, google says that its a destructive mass of material that ejects explosively and comes downslope at a great speed.
rainfall-induced landslide
it is a geological hazard that refers to landslides that come as a result of rain. the rain weakens soil by infiltrating it, thus changing the moisture, weight, strength, and eroding it. this causes slips
sinkhole
it is a geological hazard that refers to a depression in the ground surface as a result of water dissolving lime underground, or soil erosion. because of this dissolution, gaps can appear in underground soil, thus making it weaker and more unstable. this hazard can be both manmade and natural
stormsurge
it is a hydrometeorological hazard that refers to the rise in water that is generated by a storm . the storm causes great winds, these winds cause waves to be formed, thus resulting in the rising of water level because the water is pushed to the shore.
typhoon
it is a hydrometeorological hazard that refers to a giant rotating storm that brings wind, rain, and destruction
thunderstorm
it is a hydrometeorological hazard that refers to a violent but shortlived weather disturbance. it is a rain-bearing cloud that also produces lightning. it is localized.
volcanic gases
it is a volcano related hazard that refers to the gas that are released before an eruption. it is a warning sign of an imminent eruption.
warning signs of volcanic eruption
increase in frequency and intensity of felt earthquakes, increased steaming activity, crater glow due to the presence of magma, dry vegetation of areas around the volcano, increase of temperature of hot springs, wells near the volcano, development of new thermal areas or reactivation of old ones
signs of upcoming typhoon
air pressure drops, winds get stronger, thicker low cloud appear overhead, ocean waves increase in height and frequency, rain becomes more frequent with increasing intensity
signs of thunderstorm
darkening skies, dark and towering clouds, flashes of light, increasing wind, thunder
