volcanic hazards Flashcards

1
Q

spatial distribution

A

along constructive or destructive plate boundaries, or located on hotspots

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2
Q

what is vulvanicity measured using?

A

the volcanic explosively index.

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3
Q

magnitude - the more powerful….

A

the more explosive

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4
Q

frequency of eruptions…

A

varies per volcano

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5
Q

how are frequency of volcanoes classed?

A

active, dormant or extinct?

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6
Q

how many volcanoes erupt each month?

A

50-60

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7
Q

has the frequency of volcanic eruptions changed ?

A

no

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8
Q

how are volcanic eruptions regular?

A

the eruptions on each type of boundary are similar

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9
Q

what can help estimate when eruptions take place?

A

reguarlrity of eruptions

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10
Q

what can indicate an imminent eruption?

A

seismic activity, gases releasing, elevation etc.

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11
Q

there is no…. to prediction to a volcanic eruption

A

no definite predictions

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12
Q

what are some hazards caused by volcanoes?

A

lava flows, lahars, floods, tephra, toxic gases, acid rain, nuees Ardentes/pyroclastic flows

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13
Q

what are lahars?

A

mudflow

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14
Q

what causes lahars?

A

number of reasons, usually by melting ice at high latitudes

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15
Q

what causes floods?

A

from melting ice sheets or glaciers at high latitudes

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16
Q

what is tephra?

A

any type of rock that is ejected by a volcano

17
Q

what is acid rain caused by?

A

the gases such as sulphur dioxide are released into the atmosphere

18
Q

what are nuees Ardentes/pyroclastic flows?

A

clouds of burning hot ash and gas that collaspes down a volcano at high speeds