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First Aid Stuff I Don't Know > Vol. VI - Reproductive and Endocrine > Flashcards

Vol. VI - Reproductive and Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Gene for anterior-posterior paterning

A

SHH

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2
Q

Gene for dorsal ventral paterning

A

Wnt-7

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3
Q

Gene for limb lengthening

A

FGF

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4
Q

Genes for segmental organization in cranial-caudal direction

A

HOX

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5
Q

Day of blastocyst implantation

A

6 (also roughly when hCG secretion begins)

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6
Q

Gastrulation occurs within

A

3 weeks

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7
Q

Neural tube close by

A

week 4

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8
Q

susceptibility to teratogens is high during

A

embryonic period (week 3-8)

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9
Q

Fetal cardiac is detectable by

A

week 4

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10
Q

limb buds begin to form during

A

week 4

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11
Q

Fetal movement starts during

A

week 6

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12
Q

genitalia have male/female characteristics by

A

week 8

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13
Q

3 subdivisions of ectoderm are

A

neural crest, neural tube, surface ectoderm

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14
Q

Adenohypophysis derives from

A

Rathke’s pouch (surface ectoderm)

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15
Q

lens of eye and sensory organs of ear derive from

A

surface ectoderm

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16
Q

parotid, sweat, and mammary glands derive from

A

surface ectoderm

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17
Q

ELMO PASSES means

A

neural crest derivatives: Enterochromaffin cells, Leptomininges, Melanocytes, Odontoblasts, PNS ganglia, Adrenal medulla, Schwann cells, Spiral membrane, Endocardial cushions, Skull bones

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18
Q

Gut tube epithelium derives from

A

endoderm

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19
Q

urethra and lower 1/3 of vagina derive from

A

endoderm

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20
Q

luminal epithelia derive from

A

endoderm

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21
Q

lymphatics derive from

A

mesoderm

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22
Q

microglia and dura derive from

A

meseoderm

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23
Q

ovaries and testes derive from

A

mesoderm

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24
Q

Effect of ACE inhibitors on a fetus

A

renal failure, oligohydramnios, hypocalvaria

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25
Aminoglycoside effect on fetus
Ototoxicity
26
Fluoroquinolone effect on fetus
cartilage damage
27
Tetracycline effect on fetus
discolored teeth, inhibited bone growth
28
Methimazole effect on fetus
Aplasia cutis congenita
29
Folate antagonist effect on fetus
neural tube defects
30
Pharyngeal clefts derive from
ectoderm
31
Pharyngeal arches derive from
mesoderm and neural cres
32
Pharyngeal pouches derive from
endoderm
33
1st pharyngeal cleft develops into
auditory meatus
34
Maxillary process develops from
1st pharyngeal arch
35
Mandibular process develops from
1st pharyngeal arch
36
malleus and incus develop from
1st pharyngeal arch
37
CN V3 develops from
1st pharyngeal arch
38
muscles of mastication develop from
1st pharyngeal arch
39
Stapes develops from
2nd pharyngeal arch
40
styloid process and stylohyoid ligament develop from
2nd pharyngeal arch
41
lesser horn of hyoid develops from
2nd pharyngeal arch
42
muscles of facial expression develop from
2nd pharyngeal arch
43
CN VII develops from
2nd pharyngeal arch
44
greater horn of hyoid develops from
3rd pharyngeal arch
45
stylopharyngeus develops from
3rd pharyngeal arch
46
CN IX develops from
3rd pharyngeal arch
47
Thyroid and cricoid develop from
4th and 6th pharyngeal arch
48
Superior branch of CN X develops from
4th pharyngeal arch
49
Inferior branch of CN X develops from
6th pharyngeal arch
50
1st pharyngeal pouch becomes
endoderm lined ear structures
51
2nd pharyngeal pouch becomes
epithelial lining of palatine tonsils
52
3rd pharyngeal pouch becomes
thymus and inferior parathyroids
53
4th pharyngeal pouch becomes
superior parathyroids and C cells of thyroid
54
Female genital development
default, mesonephric duct degenerates and paramesonephric duct develops
55
male genital development
SRY gene on Y chromosome produces TDF --> testes develop --> sertoli cells secrete mullerian inhibitor factor --> suppression of paramesonephric duct ; Leydig cells secrete androgens --> development of mesonephric duct
56
5-alpha-reductase deficiency causes
inability to convert testosterone to DHT --> ambiguous external genitalia
57
uterus histology in proliferative phase
long tubular glands
58
uterus histology in secretory phase
coiled glands
59
Nerves responsible for erection
S2-S4
60
Nerves responsible for semen emission
T11-L2
61
Sertoli cells secrete
inhibin B (inhibits FSH), androgen binding protein, MIF
62
Leydig cells secrete
testosterone in response to LH
63
Turner syndrome presentation
short stature, bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta, lymphatic defects (webbed neck), horseshoe kidney, short, 4th metacarpal
64
Most common cause of primary amenorrhea
Turner syndrome
65
effect of inhibin
Inhibits FSH production
66
coffee bean nuclei on H and E
Brenner tumor (solid, pale yellow/tan, appears encapsulated)
67
Ovarian mass with Psammoma bodies
Serous carcinoma
68
Ovarian tumor associated with hyperthyroid
Struma Ovarii (monodermal mature cytstic teratoma)
69
Fried egg cells, high hCG, high LDH
Dysgerminoma
70
Ovarian yolk sac tumor features
increased AFP, yellow, friable, 50% have Schiller Duval bodies, occurs in children and young females
71
Meigs syndrome
triad of ovarian fibroma (spindle shaped fibroblasts), ascites, and pleural effusion
72
Thecoma may produce...
estrogen
73
Call-exner bodies around eosinic follicles, increased inhibin
Granulosa cell tumor
74
Granulosa cell tumors produce
estrogen and/or progesterone
75
presentation of invasive lobular carcinoma
decreased e cadherin, lines of cells
76
presentation of invasive ductal carcinoma
fibrous, rock hard mass, with clear edges. Small duct like cells
77
Two tumors with fried egg cells
seminoma and ovarian dysgerminoma
78
Most common testicular tumor in children < 3
Yolk Sac tumor
79
Choriocarcinoma metastasizes to
brain and lung
80
alpha subunit of HCG is identical to
alpha subunit of TSH, LH, FSH
81
Characteristics of Leydig cell tumors
Golden brown, Reinke crystals, produces androgens --> gynecomastia or precocious puberty
82
High PALP
Seminoma
83
very high AFP and maybe high beta HCG
Yolk Sac tumor
84
Very high beta HCG
choriocarcinoma
85
maybe high AFP, no beta HCG
Teratoma
86
high beta HCG +/- AFP
Embryonal Carcinoma

First Aid Stuff I Don't Know (10 decks)

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