Vol. IV - Microbiology Flashcards
H influenzae media
chocolate agar with Factor V and X (NAD and hematin)
Neisseria media
Thayer-Martin: vancomycin, trimethoprim, colistin, nystatin
Brucella, Francisella, Legionella, Pasteurella media
Charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine and iron
Common aerobe examples
Nocardia, Pseudomonas, M. tb, Bortadella
common anaerobe examples
Clostridium, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Actinomyces israelii
Obligate intracellular common examples
Rickettsia, Chlamydia, Coxiella
Yellow “sulfur” granules
Actinomyces israelii
Golden yellow pigment
Staph aureus
Blue green pigment
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Red pigment
Serratia marcescens
Protein A
expressed by S. Aureus, binds IgG to prevent opsoniztion
IgA protease species
S. pneumo, H influenzae typ b, Neisseria
M protein
expressed by group A strep, prevents phagocytosis, may cause cross reactivity in rheumatic heart disease
Diphtheria toxin mechanism
inactivates E2F
Pseudomonas Exotoxin A mechanism
inactivates E2F
Shiga toxin mechanism
inactivates 60S ribosome –> hemolytic uremic syndrome
also shiga-like in EHEC
ETEC heat-labile toxin mechanism
activation of cAMP –> increased Cl secretion in gut –> loss of water
ETEC heat stabile toxin
activation of cGMP –> decreased resorption of NaCL in gut
anthrax toxin mechanism
mimics adenylate cyclase
cholera toxin mechanism
over-activates adenylate cyclase via G_s
Pertussis toxin mechanism
Inhibits G_i –> activation of adenlyte cyclase
Tetanus toxin mechanism
cleaves SNAREs in Renshaw cells blocking release of inhibitory neurotransmitters (GABA and glycine)
Botulinum toxin mechanism
cleaves SNAREs in motor neurons –> descending
paralysis
Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin mechanism
phospholipase that degrades cell membranes