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First Aid Stuff I Don't Know > Vol. V - MSK, Rheum, Derm > Flashcards

Vol. V - MSK, Rheum, Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius is innervated by

A

accessory nerve

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2
Q

Cell mediating dermatomyositis

A

CD4 T cells –> perimysial inflammation

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3
Q

Tibial nerve roots

A

L4-S3

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4
Q

Most common causes of septic arthritis

A

S.aureus, Strep, N. gonorrheae

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5
Q

location of osteosarcoma

A

metaphysis of long bones

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6
Q

femoral nerve roots

A

L2-L4

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7
Q

Obdurator nerve innervates

A

sensory - medial thigh

motor - adductors, obdurator, pectineus

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8
Q

iliohypogastric nerve innervates

A

sensory - suprapubic region

motor - transversus abdominus and internal oblique

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9
Q

axillary nerve roots

A

C5-C6

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10
Q

Acetaminophen mechanism

A

reversible inhibits COX, mostly in CNS (not anti inflammatory)

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11
Q

Abnormal labs in osteomalacia/rickets

A

decreased Ca, decreased PO4, increased ALP, increased PTH, vitamin D deficient

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12
Q

Abnormal labs in osteitis fibrosa cystica (secondary hyper pth)

A

decreased Ca, increased PO4, increased ALP, increased PTH

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13
Q

IT band syndrome

A

Overuse injury of lateral knee (e.g. in runners). Pain is 2/2 friction of the IT band on the lateral femoral epicondyle.

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14
Q

serratus anterior is innervated by

A

long thoracic nerve

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15
Q

Common (fibular) peroneal nerve roots

A

L4-S2

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16
Q

genitofemoral nerve innervates

A

sensory - scrotum/labia and medial thigh

motor - cremaster

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17
Q

RA involves

A

PIP, MCP, wrist

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18
Q

Zileuton blocks

A

5-Lipoxygenase (no Leukotrienes)

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19
Q

Type I muscle fiber properties

A

Slow, Red, uses Ox Phos, associated with endurance training

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20
Q

Peroneal/fibular nerve injury

A

foot drop

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21
Q

Abnormal labs in osteitis fibrosa cystica (primary hyper pth)

A

increased Ca, decreased PO4, increased ALP, increased PTH

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22
Q

contents of carpal tunnel

A

FDS tendons, FDP tendons, FPL tendon, median nerve

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23
Q

Limb compartment syndrome

A

increased pressure within fascial compartment of a limb –> venous outflow obstruction and arterial collapse –> anoxia and necrosis.

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24
Q

lunate dislocation can cause

A

median nerve impingement –> carpal tunnel

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25
Q

Osteoarthritis presentation

A

improves with rest, asymmetric involvement, bowlegged

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26
Q

Leflunomide mechanism

A

Reversibly inhibits dihydroorate dehydrogenase –> blocks pyrimidine synthesis –> suppreses T cell proliferation

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27
Q

Median nerve roots

A

C5-T1

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28
Q

Prevention of pseudogout

A

colchicine

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29
Q

Guyon canal syndrome is caused by

A

compression of the ulnar nerve at the risk (e.g. cyclists)

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30
Q

hip abductors

A

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

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31
Q

Sciatic nerve roots

A

L4-S3

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32
Q

tumor associated with vinyl chloride and arsenic

A

hepatic angiosarcoma

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33
Q

Effect of PGF2alpha

A

increased uterine tone

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34
Q

Effect of PGE1

A

decreased vascular tone

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35
Q

Treatment for Paget’s disease of the bone (aka Osteitis Deformans)

A

bisphosphonates

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36
Q

Superior gluteal nerve roots

A

L4-S1

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37
Q

Abnormal labs in Paget disease

A

increased ALP

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38
Q

RA presentation

A

morning stiffness lasting > 1 hr, improves with use, symmetric involvement, systemic manifestations

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39
Q

synthetic PGE2

A

Dinoprostone

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40
Q

internal rotation of the hip

A

gluteus medius, gluteus minumus, tensor fascia lata

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41
Q

NSAID mechanism

A

reversible COX inhibition blocking prostaglandins

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42
Q

Treatment for Raynaud’s

A

Ca channel blockers

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43
Q

tibial nerve injury presentation

A

can’t stand on tiptoes (inversion and plantarflexion is lost)

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44
Q

Treatment for myasthenia gravis

A

AChE Inhibitor (pyridostigmine)

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45
Q

Cell mediating polymyositis

A

CD8 T cells –> endomysial inflammation

46
Q

synthetic PGI2

A

Epoprostenol

47
Q

iliohypogastric nerve roots

A

T12-L1

48
Q

claw hand on digit extension

A

ulnar nerve injury

49
Q

osteoarthritis involves

A

DIP and 1st CMC

50
Q

Genitofemoral nerve roots

A

L1-L2

51
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve roots

A

L5-S2

52
Q

albinism pathophysiology

A

normal melanocytes with reduced melanin production due to decreased tyrosinase activity or defective tyrosine transport

53
Q

Effect of PGE2

A

increased uterine tone

54
Q

Scalded skin syndrome is caused by

A

Staph exotoxin destroying attachments in the stratum granulosum

55
Q

Lat fem Q nerve innervates

A

sensory - anterior and lateral thigh

56
Q

Type II muscle fiber properties

A

Fast, white, Anaerobic glycolysis, associated with strength and sprinting

57
Q

RA serology

A

Anti-CCP is most specific, also se RF (anti IgG FC IgM Abs)

58
Q

offending organism in an abscess is usually

A

S. Aureus

59
Q

Abnormal labs in osteoporosis

A

decreased bone mass

60
Q

crystals in calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease

A

aka pseuodgout - crystals are rhomboid and weakly + bifringent

61
Q

De Quervain tenosynovitis is caused by

A

Noninflammatory thickening of apl and epb tendons –> pain and tenderness at radial styloid

62
Q

Presentation of radial head subluxation

A

(aka nursemaids elbow) injured arm is slightly flexed and pronated.

63
Q

Diffuse scleroderma serology

A

anti-scl-70 (DNA topoisomerase) and anti-RNA-pol-III

64
Q

Radial nerve roots

A

C5-T1

65
Q

wrist drop

A

radial nerve injuriy

66
Q

Classic gout presentation

A

painful MTP joint of big toe

67
Q

Mixed connective tissue disorder serology

A

anti-U1 RNP

68
Q

Deltoid is innervated by

A

axillary nerve

69
Q

Musculocutaneous roots

A

C5-C7

70
Q

hip flexors

A

iliopsoas, rectus femorus, tensor fascia lata, pectineus, sartorius

71
Q

location of Ewing Sarcoma

A

diaphysis of long bones

72
Q

Probenecid mechanism

A

inhibits reabsorption of uric acid in the PCT

73
Q

Muscles int he rotator cuff

A

Supraspinatis, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

74
Q

Lat fem Q nerve roots

A

L2-L3

75
Q

Trandeleburg sign

A

superior gluteal nerve injury (med and min) contralateral to drop

76
Q

Femoral nerve innervates

A

sensory - anterior thigh and medial leg

motor - quadriceps, iliacus, pectineus, sartorius

77
Q

Abnormal labs in osteopetrosis

A

may see decreased serum Ca on severe cases, dense, brittle bones

78
Q

SLE serology

A

ANA, anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, antiphospholipid, SS-A, SS-B

79
Q

external rotation of the hip

A

iliopsoas, gluteus maximus, piriformis, obdurator

80
Q

superficial laceration of the hand can damage/cause

A

recurrent branch of the median nerve –> ape hand and loss of thenar muscles

81
Q

hip extensors

A

gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

82
Q

Teripartide mechanism

A

PTH analog –> pulsatile dose increases osteoblast activity

83
Q

Greenstick fracture

A

incomplete fracture from bending stress, bone fails on tension side, pediatric

84
Q

synthetic PGF2alpha

A

Carboprost

85
Q

vitiligo pathophysiology

A

destruction of melanocytes

86
Q

most commonly fractures carpal bone

A

scaphoid (from FOOSH)

87
Q

Sciactic nerver innervates

A

motor - hamstrings, adductor magnus

88
Q

Obdurator nerve roots

A

L2-L4

89
Q

Effect of LTC/D/E4

A

increased bronchial tone

90
Q

Cause of achondroplasia

A

AD mutation causing constitutive activation of FGFR3

91
Q

Aspirin mechanism

A

irreversibly inhibits COX by acetylation

92
Q

hip adductors

A

adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis

93
Q

synthetic PGE1

A

Alprostadil

94
Q

Glucocorticoids block

A

phospholipase A2 and NF-kappaB

95
Q

Abnormal labs in Hypervitamin D

A

increased Ca, increased PO4, decreased PTH

96
Q

Effect of thromboxane A2

A

increased platelet aggregation and vascular tone

97
Q

Drugs for chronic gout prevention

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitors: allopurinol, febuxostat

98
Q

Torus (buckle) fracture

A

axial force –> cortex buckles on compression side, pediatric

99
Q

Defect in Ewing Sarcoma

A

t(11;22) fusion protein

100
Q

Sjogren syndrome serology

A

ANA, SS-A, SS-B, RF

101
Q

inferior gluteal nerve innervates

A

gluteus maximus

102
Q

anterior knee pain syndromes

A

Osgood-Schlatter disease (proximal tibial tubercle) and Patellofemoral (overuse made worse by sitting and weight bearing on a flexed knee)

103
Q

Pudendal nerve roots

A

S2-S4

104
Q

Nerve involved in carpal tunnel

A

median nerve

105
Q

allele associated with seronegative spondyloarthritis

A

HLA-B27

106
Q

benediction hand / ape hand

A

median nerve injury (can’t flex or feel lateral three digits / thenar eminence)

107
Q

Virus that mediates hairy leukoplakia

A

EBV

108
Q

Bisphosphonate mechanism

A

bind hydroxyapatite in bone, inhibiting osteoclasts

109
Q

Effect of LTB4

A

neutrophil chemotaxis

110
Q

Effect of PGI2

A

aka prostacyclin, causes decreased platelet aggregation and vascular tone

111
Q

Celecoxib mechanism

A

selective COX-2 inhibition

First Aid Stuff I Don't Know (10 decks)

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