voice and speech perception Flashcards
voice reveals a lot about you
- how people recognise you
- how social you are
- trustworthiness
- emotions
- stress
- build (higher voice smaller vocal tract and build)
voice and trustworthiness
women = men are more trustworthy when deeper pitch at end men = women are more trustworthy when higher pitch at end
associate voices with social traits study
McAleer et al (2014)
- cronbach alpha found people constantly agree on whether a voice sounds attractive/confident etc
- principle dimensions = trustworthiness and dominance
- independent
- simplifies from 10 dimensions to 2
acoustic profiles
pitch = fundamental frequency intensity = amplitude tempo = speed
can manipulate these independently
emotions expressed in distinct acoustic profiles
Enjoy, elation, sad and greif
enjoy = high pitch low intensity low tempo elation = high pitch high intensity high tempo sad = low pitch low intensity low temp grief = high pitch high intensity high tempo (same as elation)
vocal emotions = shared by culture or language specific
Scherer et al (2001)
- Ps judged emotion sentence (by german actor) conveyed
- european more accurate than indonesia
- low consistency between indonesian judges
temporal voice area
- discovered by Belin et al (2000)
- voice and non-voice played to Ps and matched for levels of energy
- brain maps created - 2 large areas found
brain regions in identifying speaker identity
discovered using neural adaption - repeating speaker identity or syllables
- anterior part of temporal lobe
brain regions in vocal emotion identification
dichotic listening (angry and neutral voices)
- asked Ps to pay attention to one
- within TVA increased activation when pay attention to angry
- when fake angry noises using white noise - not found - unique to human voices
are voice areas necessary for voice processing?
TMS - less correct responses as to whether a voice or not when TVA stimulated
no effect of loudness discrimination
speech processing = top-down
influenced what you focus on based on prior knowledge
e. g., vocoded speech
- when you know what it says can hear it
broca’s area damage
can’t speak properly
can understand
so left inferior frontal region = important in speech production
wernicke’s area damage
can’t understand speech
can speak fluently
damage to left posterior region = important in speech comprehension
rotated speech
inverted spectrograph
full spectral info
bad intelligibility
vocoded speech
speech divided into frequency bands bad spectral info partial intelligibility (once learnt)
