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cognitive neuroscience > attending and spatial brain > Flashcards

attending and spatial brain Flashcards

1
Q

location on the retina

A

retinocentric space

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2
Q

location of object relative to body

A

egocentric space

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3
Q

location of object relative to eathother

A

allocentric space

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4
Q

cross-modal perception

A
  • integrate info from different senses - using attention
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5
Q

attention

A

process by which certain information is selected for further processing and other info is discarded

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6
Q

attention selection based on

A
  • relevance

- importance to current goals

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7
Q

attention spotlight metaphor

A

spotlight moves from location to location and zooms in and out

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8
Q

location of attention is the same as fixation - true or false

A

false - can look out corner of eye

though it is a natural tendency

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9
Q

externally guided by a stimulus

A

exogenous control

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10
Q

externally guided by a stimulus

A

exogenous control

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11
Q

inhibition of return

A

slowing of speed of processing when going back to previously attended location

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12
Q

Posner (1980) - exogenous control

A

Ps had to press button when saw red target - every now and then given spatial cue
if cue was within 150s of target - faster at detecting target
if cue was after 150s - slower as if wait fro target attention is deployed to other areas - inhibition of return

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13
Q

internally guided by a stimulus

A

endogenous control

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14
Q

visual search

A

endogenous control

scanning environment for something you are looking for

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15
Q

Mitroff and Biggs (2013) - airport scanner game

A
  • when forbidden items rare - bad at finding them
  • when forbidden items common - better
    some people good when rare - should be hired for this job - interview process?
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16
Q

flat efficient / parallel search

A

when 1 feature different
find immediately
does matter on number of items or display size

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17
Q

steep inefficient / serial search

A

when 2 features different
have to scan more
depends upon distractors

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18
Q

feature integration theory (FIT)

A

if object has unique perceptual feature - pops out
- detected without attention

if object shares perceptual features - attention is needed

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19
Q

where pathway

A

dorsal

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20
Q

what pathway

A

ventral

21
Q

2 attention related networks

A
  • dorso-dorsal network

- ventro-dorsal stream

22
Q

dorso-dorsal network

A

internal deployment of attention

  • lateral parietal areas
    superior parietal globule and frontal eye fields
23
Q

ventro-dorsal stream

A

external deployment of attention

temporal parietal junction (right side) and ventral frontal cortex

24
Q

pseudo neglect

A

tendency to neglect the RIGHT side

right parietal lobe = richer representation of space (left and some right)
left parietal lobe = impoverished representation of space (mostly right)

25
Q

what is neglect

A

when patients fail to be aware of one side of space

26
Q

other names for neglect

A

unilateral neglect
spatial neglect
hemispatial neglect

27
Q

when is neglect most prominent

A

following damage to right hemisphere

- as richer representation of space

28
Q

neuroanatomy of neglect

A

parietal (right/frontal) lobe

mort et al (2003) - lesion overlap study - common damage in right angular gyrus

29
Q

is neglect just visual (true/false)

A

false - can be auditory/somatosensory

30
Q

clinical tests of neglect

A
  • line bisection
  • cancellation
  • drawing
31
Q

perceptual vs representational neglect

A 
perceptual = cant perceive 1 half of space
representation = remember half the scene - memory
32
Q

near vs far neglect

A

near = line bisection with pen and paper impaired
far = line bisection on projection on wall impaired
BUT - if hold long stick not impaired - extension of body

33
Q

personal vs peripersonal neglect

A 
personal = body neglect
peripersonal = infront neglect
34
Q

within vs between object neglect

A

within = object-based neglect - neglect half of each object
- superior temporal gyrus

between = space-based neglect - neglect objects on one half of space
- angular gyrus

35
Q

spatial vs object neglect

A

spatial = axis-based neglect - cant detect differences in left side even when fall in right side

36
Q

does neglect affect low-level perception

A

no

37
Q

can neglect patients detect object when cued there?

A

yes

still have active occipital lobes for info not aware of

38
Q

visual extinction

A

perceptual representation are competing for attention

- when present 2 stimuli presented simultaneously to left and right = left neglected

39
Q

what happens to neglected info?

A

burning house experiment

- still implicitly code neglected info

40
Q

rehabilitation of neglect techniques

A

prism glasses

  • shift entire view to left
  • if worn over some time can produce long-lasting improvements
41
Q

spatial memory

A

hippocampus = important in memorising space and navigation

- london taxi cab study

42
Q

where is representation of space stored

A

parietal lobes

43
Q

Green and Bevelier (2003) - video game

A
  • Ps who played action video game over non-action video game =
    better at detecting contrast sensitivity
    better at visual search
    better at mental rotation
44
Q

brain differences in action videogamers

A

brain areas involved in attention = fewer activations

as more efficient

45
Q

test used a lot for children with ADHD

A

TOVA - test of variables of attention

46
Q

what does TOVA measure

A

impulsivity and sustained attention

47
Q

video gamers and TOVA

A

significantly faster sustained attention and impulsivity and accuracy was good.

48
Q

video games keeping mental decline at bay

A 
anguera et al (2013) - multitasking
neuroracer
when did 2 tasks at once old Ps
- faster WM
- TOVA better 
- multitasking as good at 20 YOs
- theta coherence as good as young Ps
- posterior areas as well connected to prefrontal areas as young Ps

cognitive neuroscience (9 decks)

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