attending and spatial brain Flashcards
location on the retina
retinocentric space
location of object relative to body
egocentric space
location of object relative to eathother
allocentric space
cross-modal perception
- integrate info from different senses - using attention
attention
process by which certain information is selected for further processing and other info is discarded
attention selection based on
- relevance
- importance to current goals
attention spotlight metaphor
spotlight moves from location to location and zooms in and out
location of attention is the same as fixation - true or false
false - can look out corner of eye
though it is a natural tendency
externally guided by a stimulus
exogenous control
externally guided by a stimulus
exogenous control
inhibition of return
slowing of speed of processing when going back to previously attended location
Posner (1980) - exogenous control
Ps had to press button when saw red target - every now and then given spatial cue
if cue was within 150s of target - faster at detecting target
if cue was after 150s - slower as if wait fro target attention is deployed to other areas - inhibition of return
internally guided by a stimulus
endogenous control
visual search
endogenous control
scanning environment for something you are looking for
Mitroff and Biggs (2013) - airport scanner game
- when forbidden items rare - bad at finding them
- when forbidden items common - better
some people good when rare - should be hired for this job - interview process?
flat efficient / parallel search
when 1 feature different
find immediately
does matter on number of items or display size
steep inefficient / serial search
when 2 features different
have to scan more
depends upon distractors
feature integration theory (FIT)
if object has unique perceptual feature - pops out
- detected without attention
if object shares perceptual features - attention is needed
where pathway
dorsal
what pathway
ventral
2 attention related networks
- dorso-dorsal network
- ventro-dorsal stream
dorso-dorsal network
internal deployment of attention
- lateral parietal areas
superior parietal globule and frontal eye fields
ventro-dorsal stream
external deployment of attention
temporal parietal junction (right side) and ventral frontal cortex
pseudo neglect
tendency to neglect the RIGHT side
right parietal lobe = richer representation of space (left and some right)
left parietal lobe = impoverished representation of space (mostly right)
what is neglect
when patients fail to be aware of one side of space
other names for neglect
unilateral neglect
spatial neglect
hemispatial neglect
when is neglect most prominent
following damage to right hemisphere
- as richer representation of space
neuroanatomy of neglect
parietal (right/frontal) lobe
mort et al (2003) - lesion overlap study - common damage in right angular gyrus
is neglect just visual (true/false)
false - can be auditory/somatosensory
clinical tests of neglect
- line bisection
- cancellation
- drawing
perceptual vs representational neglect
perceptual = cant perceive 1 half of space representation = remember half the scene - memory
near vs far neglect
near = line bisection with pen and paper impaired
far = line bisection on projection on wall impaired
BUT - if hold long stick not impaired - extension of body
personal vs peripersonal neglect
personal = body neglect peripersonal = infront neglect
within vs between object neglect
within = object-based neglect - neglect half of each object
- superior temporal gyrus
between = space-based neglect - neglect objects on one half of space
- angular gyrus
spatial vs object neglect
spatial = axis-based neglect - cant detect differences in left side even when fall in right side
does neglect affect low-level perception
no
can neglect patients detect object when cued there?
yes
still have active occipital lobes for info not aware of
visual extinction
perceptual representation are competing for attention
- when present 2 stimuli presented simultaneously to left and right = left neglected
what happens to neglected info?
burning house experiment
- still implicitly code neglected info
rehabilitation of neglect techniques
prism glasses
- shift entire view to left
- if worn over some time can produce long-lasting improvements
spatial memory
hippocampus = important in memorising space and navigation
- london taxi cab study
where is representation of space stored
parietal lobes
Green and Bevelier (2003) - video game
- Ps who played action video game over non-action video game =
better at detecting contrast sensitivity
better at visual search
better at mental rotation
brain differences in action videogamers
brain areas involved in attention = fewer activations
as more efficient
test used a lot for children with ADHD
TOVA - test of variables of attention
what does TOVA measure
impulsivity and sustained attention
video gamers and TOVA
significantly faster sustained attention and impulsivity and accuracy was good.
video games keeping mental decline at bay
anguera et al (2013) - multitasking neuroracer when did 2 tasks at once old Ps - faster WM - TOVA better - multitasking as good at 20 YOs - theta coherence as good as young Ps - posterior areas as well connected to prefrontal areas as young Ps
