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Busuu Japanese > Vocabulary A2 > Flashcards

Vocabulary A2 Flashcards

1
Q

私にはひとりのむすことひとりのむすめがいます

A

I have one son and one daughter.

私には1人の息子と1人の娘がいます

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2
Q

dream (n.)

A

ゆめ / 夢

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3
Q

I’ve never done something before
(sentence pattern)

A

verb た form + ことがありません。or
verb た form + ことがないです。
（slightly less formal）

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4
Q

verb for making a noun with りょこう

A

する
りょこうをすること

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5
Q

How many people?
Very formal

A

めいさまですか。
(answer using にん／人）

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6
Q

verb+ I thought

A

verb (past) +とおもいました

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7
Q

to use んです in a sentence that ends with a verb

A

add んです after the casual form of the verb.

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8
Q

player

A

せんしゅ / 選手

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9
Q

stop

A

やむ/止む

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10
Q

to put on / wear (small items)
(e.g., jewelry, tools, underware)

A

つける / 着ける
for accessories or tools, can also use する

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11
Q

circumstances are bad / inconvenient /It will not work out for me.

A

つごうがわるい / 都合が悪い

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12
Q

to stay

A

とまる / とまります / 泊まる
U-verb
same reading as stop

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13
Q

“cold”, ( something feels cold, like the cold air or cold weather)

A

寒い / さむい

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14
Q

to bring (an object)

A

もってくる

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15
Q

mathematics

A

すうがく
数字

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16
Q

want to do something

A

Take the ます form of the verb and swap ます with たい

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17
Q

hand

A

て / 手

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18
Q

four people

A

よにん / 四人

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19
Q

two days after

A

ふつかご / 二日後

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20
Q

handsome; cool

A

かっこいい

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21
Q

fever
I have a fever

A

熱 / ねつ
ねつがあります。

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22
Q

to worry

A

しんぱいする / 心配する

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23
Q

When I go to Japan, I take my passport with me.

A

日本に行くとき、パスポートをもっていきます。

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24
Q

to injure oneself

A

けがをする。

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25
Q

I think I will probably go to school.

A

たぶん学校に行くとおもいます。

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26
Q

cool (weather)

A

すずしい / 涼しい

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27
Q

but (between two parts of a sentence.)
(2 ways)

A

か or けど (casual speech)
with か omit the た after a noun or なーadjective.
with けど in casual speech, don’t omit.

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28
Q

ticket (not for train)

A

チケット
chiketto

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29
Q

I will go to Tokyo in two weeks.

A

私は 二週 かん 後 に 東京に 行きます 。

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30
Q

height

A

せ / 背

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31
Q

ear / hearing

A

みみ / 耳

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32
Q

counter for months

A

use counter かげつ / ヶ月.

いっかげつ / 一ヶ月 one month

にかげつ / 二ヶ月 two months

さんかげつ / 三ヶ月 three months

よんかげつ / 四ヶ月 four months

ごかげつ / 五ヶ月 five months

ろっかげつ / 六ヶ月 six months

ななかげつ / 七ヶ月 seven months

はちかげつ （はっかげつ） / 八ヶ月 eight months

きゅうかげつ / 九ヶ月 nine months

じゅっかげつ / 十ヶ月 ten months

じゅういっかげつ / 十一ヶ月 eleven months

じゅうにかげつ / 十二ヶ月 twelve months

なんかげつ / 何ヶ月 How many months?

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33
Q

by myself (2 ways)

A

じぶんで / 自分で
ひとりで / 一人で

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34
Q

Western clothes

A

ようふく / 洋服

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35
Q

peach

A

もも / 桃

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36
Q

potential form for する
(irr.)

A

できる

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37
Q

verb for making a noun with うんどう

A

する
うんどうをすること

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38
Q

I eat all (anything) vegetables.

A

やさいは何でも食べます。
note: no をor が

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39
Q

noun + I think

A

noun + だ + とおもいます

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40
Q

It will probably rain today.
(with noun; verb form for probably)

A

今日は雨でしょう。

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41
Q

to move to another place to do something
(sentence pattern)

A

Person は place に/へ verb masu stem に 行きます/来ます/かえります。

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42
Q

I heard that it’s delicious.

A

おいしいそうです。

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43
Q

Which is more difficult, Japanese or English?

A

日本語とえい語とどちらのほうがむずかしいですか。

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44
Q

to become hot

A

あつい → あつくなる

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45
Q

casual non-past negative of verbs

A

For a る verb, replace the る with ない

For a u verb, replace the u-sound with a and add ない Example: のむ -> のまない

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46
Q

sentence pattern for some someone is good at / not good at something

He is good at English.
The sport he is not good at is tennis.

A

かれ は えいご が とくい です
かれのにがてなスポーツはテニスです。

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47
Q

an exercise / exercising

A

うんどう / 運動

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48
Q

The person wearing a new watch is Mr Yoshida.

A

あたらしいとけいをつけている人はよしださんです。

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49
Q

May I ask a question?

A

しつもん(を)してもいいですか。

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50
Q

previously did + verb

A

た-form+こと

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51
Q

Last year, I learned about that book.)

A

きょ年、その本をしりました。

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52
Q

Out of all the anime, which one do you like the most?

A

アニメの中でどれが一ばん好きですか。

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53
Q

impossible

A

むり / 無理

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54
Q

to use

A

つかう / 使う

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55
Q

I will buy four plates.

A

さらを四まいかいます。

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56
Q

Sunday won’t work out for me.
(On Sunday, circumstances are bad.)

A

日曜日はつごうがわるいです。

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57
Q

genre of manga targeted at girls

A

しょうじょ / 少女

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58
Q

to go for a walk

A

さんぽする / 散歩する

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59
Q

I will study abroad in Japan.

A

日本にりゅうがくします。
note use of する as verb with りゅうがく.

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60
Q

counter for numerals / numbers

A

すうじ / 数字

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61
Q

8 (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

やっつ / 八つ

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62
Q

one minute before

A

いっぷんまえ / 一ぷん前

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63
Q

On casual speech
What happened?
“What happened? (Please explain it to me.)”

A

どうした
どうしたんですか。

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64
Q

to forget

A

わすれる / 忘れる
ru-verb
に for the place you forgot it
を for the thing you forgot

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65
Q

maybe

A

かも

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66
Q

something

A

なにか / 何か

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67
Q

Should I go?
Should I not go?

A

行ったほうがいいですか。
行かないほうがいいですか。

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68
Q

Really, True

A

ほんとう

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69
Q

verb to say we don’t know something or someone

A

しらない (casual) or しりません

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70
Q

use とき with a verb
(verb non-past or past)

A

verb 1 (plain form) とき … verb 2.
The tense of verb 1changes the meaning of the sentence.
non-past form (simple form) means verb 2 happens first (とき means before or when;
before/when verb 1, verb 2
たーform means verb 1 happens first (とき means when/after - after verb 1, verb 2)

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71
Q

counter for animals

A

匹 / ひき
3 (ひ changes to び）
1, 6, 8, 10 (ひ changes to ぴ）
1, 6, 8 are irregular (little つ）

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72
Q

verb for making a noun with りょうり

A

する
りょうりをすること

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73
Q

three people

A

さんにん / 三人

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74
Q

fall (rain / snow)
The rain is falling

A

ふる /降る (う-verb)
あめがふります。

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75
Q

likeable

A

すき / 好き (na-adjective)

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76
Q

counter for large furniture and electronics 🚗 📺

A

だい / 台
completely regular - no exceptions

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77
Q

“to become”.

A

なる
う-verb
なります / なって

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78
Q

foot

A

あし / 足

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79
Q

I want to know about Japan.

A

日本について知りたいです。
(しりたい）

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80
Q

It will probably rain today. (with verb)

A

今日は雨がふるでしょう

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81
Q

energy (of a person)
You don’t seem to have energy / You look timed

A

げんき
げん気がないですね

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82
Q

strawberry

A

いちご

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83
Q

still; not yet

A

まだ

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84
Q

a person wearing kimono

A

着物を着ている人
the phrase (in plain form) goes before the noun

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85
Q

(someone else’s) girlfriend

A

かのじょさん / 彼女さん

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86
Q

Decline a request
(say no to a May I? question)

A

verb te-form+は（わ）＋いけません

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87
Q

casual form of えみさんはゆうめいじゃないです。(Emi is not famous.)

A

えみさんはゆうめいじゃない。

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88
Q

verb + I think

A

verb + ともいます

verb could be dictionary form (for non-past), or ない form.

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89
Q

な adjective +I think

A

な adjective + だ + とおもいます

な adjective without the な

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90
Q

counter for something long and thin, or stick-like ✏️ 🌂

A

ほん / 本

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91
Q

I have one older sister

A

（私は）姉が一人います。
（わたしは）あねがひとりいます

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92
Q

“and a half” (refering to time)

A

はん / 半 after the counter, including after かん if it’s present

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93
Q

health; healthy

A

げんき / 元気

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94
Q

duration of a number of months

A

optionally, add かん after the number of months

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95
Q

9 (counter for long, thin item)

A

きゅうほん / 九本

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96
Q

making a verb into a noun
I like reading
I like reading books

A

add の or こと to the plain (dictionary) form
よむの・よむこと
わたし は よむ (の・こと) が すき (です・だ)
本をよむ(の・こと) がすきです。
私は本を​​読むのが好きであう

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97
Q

ね and よ at the end of a sentence

A

ね implies sympathy or confirmation, and the content is already known by the speaker and the listener.
よ emphasises that the information is new to the listener.
Sentences that end in ね or よ and do not have だ create a sentence structure traditionally used to sound more feminine.

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98
Q

five (animals)

A

五匹 / ごひき

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99
Q

I want to study kanji and then become a Japanese teacher.

A

かんじの べんきょう を して、 日本語の 先生に なりたい です 。
The first part of the sentence adopts the “want-to” from the main part of the sentence, just as it adopts the tense from the main part.

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100
Q

everything / anything

A

なんでも / 何でも

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101
Q

Three ways to say There are four dogs.

A

４匹の犬がいます
犬４匹がいます
犬が４匹います

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102
Q

to become good

A

いい → よくなる

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103
Q

foreign country

A

がいこく / 外国

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104
Q

casual form of あきさんはしんせつです。(Aki is kind.)

A

あきさんはしんせつ(だ) (it’s a な adjective)

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105
Q

like too much / like very much

A

好きすぎる

can also be used for negative adjectives

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106
Q

It’s cloudy (from) this afternoon.

A

今日はごごからくもりです。

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107
Q

to take (an object)

A

もっていく

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108
Q

list multiple activities, being done in no particular order or possibly others
(sentence pattern)

A

verb in the た form + り、verb in the た form + り します。
(Tense of the sentence is determined by final verb, which an be ます, ました, or たい form.)

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109
Q

kendo (a type of martial arts)

A

剣道 / けんどう

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110
Q

verb form to say we know something or someone

A

しっている (casual) or しっています (polite).

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111
Q

make a verb into a noun
singing

A

dictionary form of the verb + こと
うたうこと

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112
Q

to ask a question

A

しつもんをする / 質問をする

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113
Q

someone who does something
-er, ian, -ist

A

ーか (suffix)
おんがくか musician
まんがか comic artist

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114
Q

Japanese-style alcove

A

とこのま / 床の間

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115
Q

verb + to be able

A

verb (simple form) + ことができます
casual: ことができる.

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116
Q

about (some subject)

A

について

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117
Q

coat

A

コート

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118
Q

2 (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

ふたつ / 二つ

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119
Q

て form for い-adjectives

A

remove the final い and add くて:
やさしい - やさしくて

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120
Q

… they said
verb, noun adjective

A

…と言っていました
verbs: plain form before と
nouns and な adjectives: add だ before と
い adjective: omit だ

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121
Q

They said it was quiet.

A

しずかだと言っていました。

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122
Q

dress

A

ドレス

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123
Q

someone else’s boyfriend

A

かれしさん / 彼氏さん

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124
Q

to receive

A

もらう / 貰う

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125
Q

a song / singing (in the context of liking)

A

うた / 歌

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126
Q

potential form (can do …) for casual speech

A

change the ます ending of the polite potential to る
行けます -> 行ける

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127
Q

I want nothing

A

何もほしくない

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128
Q

genre of manga targeted at boys

A

しょうねん / 少年

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129
Q

6 (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

むっつ/ 六つ

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130
Q

what other kind of ..

A

ほかにどんな …

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131
Q

to stand

A

たつ / 立つ

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132
Q

climate

A

きこう / 気候

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133
Q

world

A

せかい / 世界

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134
Q

engineer

A

エンジニア

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135
Q

の or なの at the end of a sentence

A

In casual speech, makes the sentence a question.
If the sentence ends with a noun or an adjective, use なの

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136
Q

prohibited

A

きんし / きん止

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137
Q

verb + aren’t able to do

A

verb + ことができません
casual: ことができない .

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138
Q

to make

A

つくる / 作る

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139
Q

very (more casual)

A

すごく / 凄く

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140
Q

to practice (2 ways)

A

れんしゅうをする / 練習をする
れんしゅうする / 練習する if there’s another を in the sentence)

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141
Q

casual form of “no”

A

ううん
(rising tone after the first う, then back down) LHL

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142
Q

to dance

A

おどる / おどります
U-verb

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143
Q

hot (to touch, like “a hot hand” or “hot tea”, not weather)

A

熱い / あつい (same reading as other hot, but different kanji)

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144
Q

casual form of と言っていました (they say)

A

と言ってた
The い is dropped

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145
Q

Casual form for sentences with i-adjectives,

A

remove です.

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146
Q

a hot spring

A

おんせん / 温泉

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147
Q

sentence pattern for which/what … someone likes or dislikes
Which colour do you like?
What food do you like

A

どの / どんな noun がすきですか（きらいですか）。
どのいろがすきですか。
どんな食べものがすきですか。
どの ー which / what kind of
どんな - what

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148
Q

take care; get well soon

A

おだいじに / お大事に

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149
Q

It will probably rain today.
using たぶん, 2 ways

A

今日はたぶん雨でしょう。
たぶん雨がふります。
(with or without ぶんょう)
ぶんょう adds emphasis

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150
Q

six (animals)

A

六匹 / ろっぴき (irregular)

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151
Q

hot pot party

A

なべパ / 鍋パ

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152
Q

to look for

A

さがす / 探す

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153
Q

On Sunday, I will do things such as going to a restaurant and watching movies.

A

日曜日はレストランに行ったり、えいがを見たりします。

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154
Q

actor

A

はいゆう / 俳優

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155
Q

verb of making a noun with えいが

A

みる　
えいがをみること

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156
Q

I understand a little Japanese.

A

日本語がちょっとわかります。

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157
Q

partner / significant other

A

こいびと / 恋人

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158
Q

verb + I haven’t done … / I haven’t been doing
(progressive) polite and casual

A

te-form + いません (polite)
te-form + いない (casual)

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159
Q

to close / shut

A

しめる / 閉める

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160
Q

why

A

どうして

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161
Q

use of な-adjective before とき

A

ひまなとき
include な、no の)

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162
Q

I am still eating my lunch.

A

私はまだ昼ご飯を食べています。
ひろごはん

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163
Q

to draw

A

かく / 描く (same reading as “to write” but different kanji (書く)

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164
Q

4 (counter for long, thin item)

A

よんほん

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165
Q

time, when

A

時/とき
same kanji, different reading as o’clock

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166
Q

to sit

A

すわる / 座る
u-verb

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167
Q

to speed up

A

スピードをだす

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168
Q

don’t want to (do something) (verb)

A

In the たい form of the verb, replace たい with たくない.
In ます form of the verb, replace ます with たくない.

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169
Q

warm (weather)

A

あたたかい / 暖かい

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170
Q

trousers

A

ズボン

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171
Q

give explanation or a reason at the end of the sentence.

A

use んです (polite）
use んだ (casual)
A sentence ending with んです has the nuance of “I haven’t told you, but actually …”

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172
Q

Japanese tea ceremony

A

茶道 / さどう

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173
Q

I am retired

A

私は引退しています

わたしはいんたいしています

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174
Q

door

A

ドア

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175
Q

Please don’t do something

A

verb ない form + でください。(polite)
In casual speech, omit the ください。

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176
Q

bath

A

おふろ / お風呂
use the verb はいる / 入る

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177
Q

describe body part
I have a big hand

A

person は body part が adjectiveです。
私はてが大きいです。or
私のては大きいです

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178
Q

8 (counter for long, thin item)

A

はっぽん / 八本

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179
Q

to graduate

A

そつぎょうする / 卒業する

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180
Q

other than that / anything else

A

ほかに

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181
Q

one hour and a half

A

一時かんはん

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182
Q

to bring a person or an animal to a place

A

つれてくる / 連れてくる

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183
Q

Really? / Oh, yes?

A

へえ

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184
Q

…I heard that
for verbs, nouns, adjectives

A

そうです
verbs: add そうです after the plain form.
nouns and な adjectives: add だ.
い adjective: omit だ

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185
Q

You shouldn’t eat that.

A

それは食べないほうがいいです。

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186
Q

good at (something, referring to yourself)

A

とくい / 得意 (na-adjective)

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187
Q

verb for making a noun with おかしづくり

A

する
おかしづくりをすること

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188
Q

general counter for an inanimate object 🍎

A

つ / tsu (only up to 10)

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189
Q

how many (counting large animals)

A

何頭 / なんとう

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190
Q

Five years ago, I got married in Japan.

A

五 年 前 に 日本で けっこん しました 。

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191
Q

6 (counter for long, thin item)

A

ろっぽん

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192
Q

festival

A

まつり / 祭り

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193
Q

Japanese-style translucent sliding door

A

しょうじ / 障子

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194
Q

Shogi (game)

A

しょうぎ / 将棋

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195
Q

I think sushi is delicious.

A

私はすしはおいしいとおもいます。

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196
Q

to marry

A

けっこんする / 結婚する　(irregular verb)
use と with the person you’re marrying

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197
Q

really + adjective

A

ほんとうに + adjective

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198
Q

difference between とくい and じょうず

A

Both mean “good at”. とくい is used to talk about your own proficiency at something, but can also be used to talk about someone else. When talking about someone else with とくい, it is common to use it for skills that can be measured or are objectively good, such as language proficiency.

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199
Q

compare two options.
(which is more “adjective”)
(sentence structure)

A

option 1 と option 2 と＋どちらのほうが adjective ですか。

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200
Q

one (counting large animals)

A

一頭 / いっとう

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201
Q

Maybe I have not been to Harajuku.

A

はらじゅくに 行ったことが ない **かも **しれません 。
（Note かも for maybe)

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202
Q

casual form of そうです(I heard that…)

A

either gender: そう
males, sometimes: そうだ

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203
Q

For one day / Duration of one day All day long

A

いちにち / 一日
don’t use かん / 間.

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204
Q

eight (animals)

A

八匹 / はっぴき (irregular)

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205
Q

forecast

A

よほう / 予報

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206
Q

I think hiragana is easy.

A

ひらがなはかんたんだとおもいます。

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207
Q

study abroad

A

りゅうがく / 留学

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208
Q

I will buy three movie tickets.

A

えいがのチケットをさんまいかいます
(noun) (ga or wo) (number+counter) (verb)

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209
Q

okay; all right

A

だいじょうぶ / 大丈夫

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210
Q

What kind of …

A

どんな

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211
Q

adjective + too much + I think

A

adjective + すぎる + とおもいます.

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212
Q

difference between にがて / 苦手 and
嫌い / きらい

A

both mean “dislike”. However, きらい is used to make it very clear that you dislike something - you may even hate it! So if you dislike something, but only a little bit, use にがて instead.

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213
Q

out of a group, this item is best at <phrase>
(sentence pattern)</phrase>

A

group + の中で + item + が+いちばん + phrase + です。

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214
Q

all or any after a question word

A

でも

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215
Q

can, is possible,
to be able to do

A

できる
るーverb

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216
Q

10 (counter for long, thin item)

A

じゅっぽん / 十本

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217
Q

I don’t want (something) (sentence pattern) (using ほしい)

A

noun + は + ほしくないです。
(note: は not が)

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218
Q

problem

A

もんだい / 問題
Can mean a difficulty I’m having, or a puzzle / problem, like a math problem.

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219
Q

weather forecast

A

てんきよほう
天気よほう

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220
Q

do a lot of something /
too much + verb
casual, polite, past polite, casual past

A

masu stem of verb +
casual: すぎる
polite: すぎます
polite past: すぎました
casual past: すぎた

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221
Q

person 1 gives object to person 2
(sentence pattern, 2 ways)

A

Person 1) は person 2 にobject を あげます。or
Person 1 は person 2 へ object を あげます。

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222
Q

After I went to Japan, I have grown to like kanji

A

日本へ行った後（で）、かんじが好きになりました

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223
Q

a game / playing games (in the context of liking)

A

ゲーム

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224
Q

which …　（Adj.＋noun)

A

どの

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225
Q

How to form the masu stem of a verb

A

remove ます from the ます-form

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226
Q

to try too hard” or “to work too hard”

A

むりする / 無理する.
(むり means impossible)
In the negative sense, it means “take care of yourself” or “don’t work too hard”
むりしないでください。

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227
Q

short form of “maybe” sentence
Maybe it will rain today.

A

かも instead of かもしれません。 (but not with から）
今日は雨がふるかも。

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228
Q

verb for making a noun with どくしょ (reading)

A

する
どくしゃをすること

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229
Q

to separate; to break up

A

わかれる / 別れる

don’t confuse with こわれる to be broken

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230
Q

strawberry

A

いちご / 苺

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231
Q

I can’t

A

しれません

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232
Q

negative casual ending for U-Verbs

A

change the final -u hiragana ending to the corresponding -a hiragana ending, and then add ない.

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233
Q

to answer

A

こたえる / 答える
ru-verb

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234
Q

なる with a noun

A

Add に + なる at the end of the noun

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235
Q

for two years …

A

二年間 / にねんかん

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236
Q

grades; result

A

せいせき / 成績

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237
Q

verb for making a noun with うた

A

うたう
うたうたうこと

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238
Q

tatami mat

A

たたみ / 畳

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239
Q

counter for brush strokes (when writing kanji)

A

かく / 画 regular, except:
いっかく / 一画 one stroke
ろっかく / 六画 six strokes
はっかく / 八画 eight strokes
じゅっかく / 十画 ten strokes

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240
Q

to put on / wear (head)

A

かぶる / 被る

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241
Q

Do you know that teacher?

A

あの先生をしっていますか。

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242
Q

Actually, I haven’t slept.

A

本とうはねていません。

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243
Q

tall (literally, back is high)

A

せがたかい

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244
Q

to give

A

あげる

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245
Q

I want to eat the cake.

A

ケーキが食べたいです。
note が

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246
Q

make a verb into a noun for noun+verb combinations, like suru-verbs
drawing pictures
cooking

A

activity + を + すること
えをかくこと
りょうりをすること

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247
Q

two people

A

ふたり / 二人

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248
Q

overseas

A

かいがい / 海外
ocean-outside

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249
Q

duration in weeks

A

always add かん.

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250
Q

Use of verbs when connecting two sentences with から,

A

we can use the casual form in the first part and the formal form in the second part. This will still be considered a formal sentence!
今日はゲームをするから、さんぽしたくないです or
今日はゲームをしますから、さんぽしたくないです

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251
Q

to give advice to do something (sentence structure)

A

verb た form + ほうがいいです

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252
Q

Use number words as adverbs
(can also be used as adjectives)
There are five dogs.
I ate four oranges.

A

犬が５匹います
ミカンを四つ食べた。

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253
Q

I am allergic to strawberries

A

私はイチゴにアレルギーがあります

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254
Q

casual form for negative nouns and adjectives

A

remove です from the polite form

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255
Q

skirt

A

スカート

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256
Q

なる with i-adjectives

A

Take off the last い and add く + なる

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257
Q

I have already eaten my lunch.

A

私はもう昼ご飯を食べました。
ひろごはん

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258
Q

sunny / clear weather

A

はれ / 晴れ

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259
Q

I’ve never eaten ramen before.

A

ラーメンは食べたことがありません。 or
ラーメンは食べたことがないです。
(slightly less formal)

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260
Q

Okay / Understood

A

わかりました。

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261
Q

Potential form for RU verbs
(ability to do something)

A

we omit る and add られる.
With potential form, が and を are interchangeable

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262
Q

advise someone not to do something,
(sentence structure)

A

verb ない form + ほうがいいです

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263
Q

to become cool / to become handsome

A

かっこいい → かっこよくなる

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264
Q

making questions in the casual style

A

raise the pitch in final part of the sentence rises
In writing, add ?
Using か sound bossy (?)

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265
Q

easy

A

かんたん (簡単)

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266
Q

Let’s go to a restaurant in an hour.

A

一時かん後にレストランに行きましょう

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267
Q

5 (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

いつつ / 五つ

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268
Q

I’ve seen this movie (use こと).

A

このえいがを見たことがあります。

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269
Q

to shower

A

あびる / 浴びる

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270
Q

The climate has become hot.

A

きこうがあつくなりました。

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271
Q

verb for making a noun with ゲーム

A

する
ゲームをすること

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272
Q

sweater

A

セーター

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273
Q

potential form for U verbs
(ability to do something)

A

change the ending -u into -eru

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274
Q

I can meet
（polite)

A

あえます

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275
Q

when we make a request we use the pattern: verb て form + ください. In casual speech, we don’t need ください. Just giving the て form is understood as a request.

A
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276
Q

not good / not good at (referring to your self or someone else) (but you might like it)

A

へた / 下手 (na-adjective)

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277
Q

The person wearing a watch is Mr Yoshida.

A

とけいをつけている人はよしださんです。

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278
Q

verb+must / have to
formal / casual

casual, not because it’s a rule or law

A

use ない-form, but remove the final い and add
formal: …な＋ければ + いけません
casual: …な+ければ + いけない

If I don’t do it It will not be allowed

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279
Q

out of a group, which item is best at <phrase>
(sentence pattern)</phrase>

A

group + の中で + どれ / だれ + が+いちばん + phrase + です。

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280
Q

casual form for sentences with noun + です or na-adjectives,

A

change です to だ or remove です.

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281
Q

to eat too much

A

食べすぎる

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282
Q

a little (more casual)

A

ちゃっと

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283
Q

I injured my…”,

A

body part + を + けが＋しました。

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284
Q

food

A

たべもの / 食べ物

285
Q

don’t know a lot
don’t understand a lot

A

よくしりません
よくわかりません。

286
Q

I want something (sentence pattern)

A

noun + が + ほしいです

287
Q

past casual form of na-adjectives in affirmative sentences

A

change でした to だった.

288
Q

tooth

A

は / 歯

289
Q

Give permission: It’s okay
formal / casual

A

いいですよ。
いいよ。

290
Q

casual form of “yes”

A

うん

291
Q

dislikeable

A

きらい / 嫌い (na-adjective)

292
Q

quite

A

まぁまぁ (note small あ）Can also be written with regular あ　まあまあ

293
Q

five (counting large animals)

A

五頭 / ごとう

294
Q

eight (counting large animals)

A

八頭 / はっとう

295
Q

to pay money

A

おかねをだす
use of だす

296
Q

The problem is that my hand is small. (make “small” a noun – smallness)

A

もんだいは手が小さいことです。

297
Q

to write

A

かく / 書く
same pronunciation as to draw, different kanji (描く

298
Q

to learn

A

ならう / 習う

299
Q

It’s a little difficult / can’t do it

A

ちょっとむずかしいです。

300
Q

past casual form of na-adjectives in negative sentences

A

in -じゃなかったです drop the です
drop the な and add じゃなかった

301
Q

to prescribe medicine

A

くすりをだす

302
Q

no one

A

だれも / 誰も followed by negative forms

303
Q

to be in a relationship

A

つきあう / 付き合う (U verb)
と for the person you’re in a relationship with

304
Q

smartphone

A

スマートフォン
スマホ

305
Q

To say we’ve done something before
(sentence pattern)

A

verb た form + ことがあります。

306
Q

learned about or became aware of

A

しりました

307
Q

want to do

A

します→したい followed by です / でした

308
Q

mouth

A

くち / 口

309
Q

somewhere

A

どこか

310
Q

verb + to have completely finished;
also verb+did unintentionally (and implies regret)

A

verb て form + しまいました

311
Q

circumstances / conditions

A

つごう

312
Q

3 ways to say “a black car”

A

黒の車 / くろのくるま
黒色の車 / くろいろのくるま
黒い車 / くろいくるま

313
Q

I have five people in my family

A

私はかぞくが五人います or
私は五人家族です。 / わたしはごにんかぞくです。

314
Q

a few; a little

A

すくない / 少ない

315
Q

いい with the verb なる

A

よくなる

316
Q

to move (house)

A

ひっこす / 引っ越す

317
Q

negative casual form for かく

A

かかない
(to write)

318
Q

sentence pattern for I like / dislike something
I like Japan.
She dislikes vegetables.

A

person は noun が adjective です
私は日本がすきです。
かのじょはやさいがきらいです。

319
Q

to cut

A

きる / 切る
same reading as “to wear”

320
Q

fun

A

たのしい (楽しい)

321
Q

Having bad eyesight is not a problem.

A

目がわるいことはもんだいではありません

322
Q

to rest / to be absent

A

やすむ / 休む

323
Q

compare two items; one is more-adjective than the other
(sentence structure)

A

item 1 のほうが item 2 より adjective です。
(item 1 is more-adjective than item 2)

324
Q

to teach

A

おしえる / 教える
ru-verb

325
Q

use なる with na-adjectives

A

Add に + なる at the end of the adjectives.

326
Q

to completely finish (dictionary form)

A

しまう

327
Q

hat

A

ぼうし / 帽子

328
Q

to think
to have an opinion. I think that …

A

おもう

329
Q

by myself / one person alone

A

ひとりで / 一人で

330
Q

casual negative RU verb
食べる

A

remove the る and add ない
食べる/たべる ー 食べない/ たべない

331
Q

to send a letter

A

てがみをだす

332
Q

“hot”, referring to the weather or climate.

A

暑い/あつい (same reading as other “hot”, but different kanji)

333
Q

two (animals)

A

二匹 / にひき

334
Q

a drawing / drawing (in the context of liking)

A

え / 絵　

335
Q

one person

A

ひとり / 一人

336
Q

7 (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

ななつ/ 七つ

337
Q

I can walk

A

あるく➡️あるける

338
Q

train ticket

A

きっぷ / 切符 or
でんしゃのきっぷ

339
Q

attention; caution

A

ちゅうい / 注意

340
Q

vegetable(s)

A

やさい

341
Q

vehicle

A

のりもの / 乗り物

342
Q

Therefore, That’s why
（at at beginning of a sentence）

A

だから、

343
Q

I’ve been to Japan (before).

A

日本に行ったことがあります。

344
Q

counter for something flat 📄 👕
(including telephones)

A

まい / 枚
entirely regular - no exceptions

345
Q

to walk

A

あるく / 歩く

346
Q

fruit

A

くだもの / 果物

347
Q

Answers to a negative question
コーヒーをのまない？((Don’t you drink coffee?)

A

うん、のまない。(Yes, Correct, I don’t drink (it).)
ううん、のむ。(Yes, Incorrect, I do drink (it).
Same pattern for formal speech.

348
Q

Why (at the start of a sentence)

A

どうして …　か。

349
Q

I don’t think …
Don’t you think…

A

おもいません .
おもいませんか

350
Q

country

A

くに
国

351
Q

to get nervous

A

きんちょうする / 緊張する

352
Q

grape

A

ぶどう

353
Q

to accidentally fall asleep

A

寝てしまいます (なて)

354
Q

how many (counter for long, thin item)

A

なんぼん / 何本

355
Q

brothers

A

きようだい / 兄弟 (reading same as siblings)

356
Q

to clean

A

そうじする / 掃除する

357
Q

weather

A

てんき / 天気

358
Q

I have grown to like kanji.

A

かんじが好きになりました。

359
Q

to put on / wear (upper or whole body)

A

きる / 着る

360
Q

Japanese-style inn

A

りょかん / 旅館

361
Q

to open

A

あける / 開ける

362
Q

negative casual form for あう

A

あわない
(to meet)

363
Q

negative casual form for あそぶ

A

あそばない
(to play, to have fun)

364
Q

I watch out for cars.

A

車にちゅう意します
ちゅうい

365
Q

summer

A

なつ / 夏

366
Q

Japanese inn

A

りょかん / 旅館

367
Q

rain / rainy

A

あめ / 雨

368
Q

I was formerly a teacher.

A

私は元は先生でした. (もと）

369
Q

anniversary
one year anniversary

A

きねんび / 記念日
いちねんきねんび. / 一年記念日

370
Q

a little

A

すこし / 少し

371
Q

shirt

A

シャツ

372
Q

ten (animals)

A

十匹 / じゅっぴき (ひ changes to ぴ）

373
Q

end up doing
do … completely
end up with (something unpleasant)

A

てしまう

374
Q

to take a person or an animal to a place

A

つれていく / 連れていく

375
Q

lodging

A

しゅくはく / しゅく泊

376
Q

souvenir

A

おみやげ

377
Q

I can do (it).

A

することができます。

378
Q

to put on / wear (lower body)

A

はく / 履く

379
Q

kabuki (Japanese classical theatre)

A

かぶき / 歌舞伎

380
Q

place

A

ばしょ / 場所

381
Q

I haven’t met my dad for a week.

A

父と一週かん会っていません。(little っ)

382
Q

should not do
formal / casual

A

てはいけません　（わ）
ちゃいけない。

383
Q

milk

A

ミルク

384
Q

how many (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

いくつ

385
Q

Alternative to から, meaning “because”.

A

ので
slightly more formal, typically used when making a request.
When ので follows a na-adjective or noun, we use なので.

386
Q

Japanese clothes

A

わふく / 和服

387
Q

ask which a person prefers out of 3 or more options
(sentence pattern)

A

use どれ “which”.
groupの中でどれが一ばん好きですか。

388
Q

Please come ten minutes before the exam.

A

テストの十ぷん前に来てください。
Note use of に

389
Q

hair

A

かみ / 髪

390
Q

progressive form
すむ

A

て-form + います
すんでいます

391
Q

don’t want to (do something) (sentence pattern)

A

noun + は + verb たくない + です
(note は instead of が)

392
Q

cell phone

A

けいたいでんわ

393
Q

You may not go to Haruki’s home.

A

はるきさんの家に行ってはいけません

394
Q

fun

A

たのしい

395
Q

noun + する verb

A

を is optional in any noun+する
Using を is somewhat more formal and used in writing

396
Q

I am wearing a coat

A

コートを着ている / います
verb is きる

397
Q

I’ve finished doing all of my homework.

A

しゅくだいをぜんぶしてしまいました。

398
Q

change to casual:
あきさんはがくせいです。
(Aki is a student.)

A

あきさんはがくせい(だ)

399
Q

3 (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

みっつ / 三つ

400
Q

2 (counter for long, thin item)

A

にほん / 二本

401
Q

May I go to your house?

A

家に行ってもいいですか。

402
Q

For two (or more) days duration
two days duration

A

we can use かん to specify duration. but you don’t have to.
ふつか（かん）/ 二日（かん）

403
Q

Because I like it. (Short sentence)

A

好きだからです。

404
Q

Japan is smaller than Russia.

A

日本のほうがロシアより小さいです。

405
Q

subject particles for want / don’t want to do something sentences

A

for たい (want) use が or を;
for たくない （don’t want) use を
Exception: for いきたい (want to go) and いきたくない (don’t want to go) use に or へ for where you want / don’t want to go

406
Q

hobby

A

しゅみ

407
Q

a personality who is initially cold, stern, stoic, harsh, before gradually showing a warmer, friendlier side over time.

A

Tsundere / ツンデレ

408
Q

to give a ride (in a car) / to get a car out (of a parking spot)

A

くるまをだす

409
Q

to find

A

みつける / 見つける

410
Q

1 (counter for long, thin item)

A

いっぽん / 一本

411
Q

practice (2 ways)

A

れんしゅうをする
れんしゅうする / 練習する
(must use if another を in the sentence)

412
Q

I think that person over there is a manga artist.

A

あの人はまん画家だとおもいます。

413
Q

I think these shoes are too big.

A

このくつは大きすぎるとおむいます。

414
Q

“as much as possible”.

A

できるだけ before an adjective or a verb

415
Q

scary

A

こわい (怖い)
こわい means “scary”, but かわいい means “cute”

416
Q

cold (to the touch, like “cold ice” or “a cold hand”.)

A

冷たい / つめたい

417
Q

9 (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

ここのつ / 九つ

418
Q

I like Japanese the best.

A

日本語が一ばん好きです。

419
Q

to go sightseeing

A

かんこうする / 観光する

420
Q

negative casual form of する (irr)

A

to not do
する ーしない

421
Q

to prescribe medicine

A

くすりをだす
use of だす

422
Q

negative casual form of 来る/くる (irr.)

A

to not come
来る/くる ー来ない/こない (note change of vowel)

423
Q

to run

A

はしる / 走る (U verb)

424
Q

When I was little, my dad took me to the sea.

A

小さいとき、父は私を海につれていきました
(つれていく)

425
Q

item is best at “adjective” out of a group
(sentence structure)

A

group + のなかで + item + が + いちばん + adjective + です。

426
Q

potential form for くる / 来る
(irr.)

A

こられる / 来られる

427
Q

to know

A

しる / 知る
takes the particle を

428
Q

wedding

A

けっこんしき / 結婚式

429
Q

autumn

A

あき / 秋

430
Q

Question words to ask about 2 options vs 3 options
things vs people

A

どちら (which) - two options,
どれ - (which) three or more options
だれ (who) for people, any number

431
Q

I will take a bath

A

おふろに入ります。
(はいる)

432
Q

May I try this on?

A

これをし着してもいいですか
しちゃく

433
Q

to pay (money)
(not using だす)

A

はらう / 払う
youhave to specify what we are paying for or how we are paying.

Particles:
を for おかね (money)
でfor credit card, check, etc.
no particle for a specific amount.

434
Q

pretty

A

きれい

435
Q

question

A

しつもん / 質問

436
Q

counter for year
first anniversary

A

ねん
いちねんきねんび

437
Q

back (of a person)

A

せなか / 背中

438
Q

how to + verb

A

verb + かた
ます-stem add かた / 方

439
Q

short / low

A

低い / ひくい

440
Q

Because Kyoto is old and beautiful, I like it.

A

きょうとはふるくて、きれいだから、好きです。

441
Q

I live in a house with a garden.

A

にわがある家に住んでいます。
(いえ）

442
Q

Use number words as adjectives
(can also be used as adverbs)
Five dogs

A

５匹の犬 or
犬５匹

443
Q

probably, with noun or adjective
(very formal)

A

noun/adjective + でしょう。

444
Q

to help (with a task)

A

てつだう / 手伝う

445
Q

verb for making a noun with え

A

かく / 描く (to draw)
えをかくこと drawing

446
Q

7 (counter for long, thin item)

A

ななほん

447
Q
  1. answer the question
  2. the answer to the question
A
  1. しつもんにこたえる
    particle に
  2. しつもんのこたえ
    particle の
448
Q

apple

A

りんご

449
Q

Use of からwith adjective (in first part of a sentence)

A

な-adj: use だ
この本が好きだから、ほしいです。
い-adj:
あの本はおもしろいから、ほしいです

450
Q

い adjective + I think

A

い adjective + とおもいます

same pattern as たい form of a verb

451
Q

Before verb 1, I did verb 2
(verb 2 is done first)

A

verb 1 (infinitive) 前に、 … verb 2。
(に after 前 is optional)
verb 1 before, verb 2
before verb 1, did verb 2

452
Q

very dislikeable

A

だいきらい / 大嫌い (na-adjective)

453
Q

four (animals)

A

四匹 / よんひき

454
Q

potential form for verbs made up of noun +する

A

noun + できる

455
Q

very

A

とても

456
Q

to lend

A

かす / 貸す

457
Q

a letter / handwriting

A

じ / 字

458
Q

They said it was hot.

A

あついと言っていました

459
Q

suitcase

A

スーツケース / suutsukeesu

460
Q

with
I, with my mother …

A

と
私は母と。。。

461
Q

negative casual form for まつ

A

またない
(to wait)

462
Q

head

A

あたま / 頭

463
Q

casual form of えみさんはせがたかくないです。(Emi is not tall.)

A

えみさんはせがたかくない。

464
Q

two activities we like to do, sentence pattern

A

verb A た form + り、verb B た form + りすることが + すきです
or りするのが instead of りすることが.

465
Q

maybe
(sentence pattern)

A

noun/adjective/verb (casual form) + かもしれません。
かもしれない in casual sentence　

466
Q

の or なの at the end of a sentence

A

In casual speech we often use の with a rising intonation to make a question. For sentences that end with a noun or na-adjective, we use なの.

467
Q

10 (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

とお / 十 (no tsu!)

468
Q

festival

A

まつり / 祭り

469
Q

I lost

A

てしまいました

470
Q

I really like video games

A

私はビデオゲームがほんとにすきです

私はビデオゲームが本当に好きです

471
Q

meaning

A

いみ / 意味

472
Q

Who is it?

A

だれですか？

473
Q

negative casual form for 言う

A

いわない (note う to わ)
to say, to tell

474
Q

someday

A

いつか (some-when)
don’t put a particle after いつか.
The words “someday” and “5th (day)” are the same in hiragana, but in speech, the intonation is different.
いつか: The stress is on the first い.
五日: The stress is on the つ and stays in the same pitch for か.

475
Q

marriage

A

けっこん / 結婚

476
Q

how to use (noun)

A

つかいかた

477
Q

to study (2 ways)

A

べんきょうをする / 勉強をする
べんきょうする / 勉強する (must use if there’s another を in the sentence)

478
Q

to send a letter

A

てがみをだす
use of だす

479
Q

siblings (brothers and sisters)

A

きょうだい / 兄妹 (reading same as brothers)

480
Q

negative casual form for いる

A

いない
to exist (for animate objects)

481
Q

want to eat

A

食べます→食べたい

482
Q

What do you think about…?
(two ways)

A

どうおもいますか or
noun + について + どうおもいますか。

483
Q

drawer

A

ひきだし/引き出し

484
Q

ten (counting large animals)

A

十頭 / じゅっとう (note small っ)

485
Q

sisters

A

しまい / 姉妹

486
Q

to try on (clothing)

A

しちゃくする / 試着する

487
Q

a dish / cooking

A

りょうり / 料理

488
Q

use of い-adjective before とき

A

小さいとき
(no の）

489
Q

quiet

A

しずか (静か)
na-adjective

490
Q

to make a reservation

A

よやくする / 予約する

491
Q

I came to Japan three weeks ago.

A

三週かん前に日本に来ました。

492
Q

my boyfriend

A

かれし / 彼氏 or
私のかれし　(to emphasize my)

493
Q

Japanese caligraphy

A

書道 / しょどう

494
Q

to report what other people have said
(sentence pattern)

A

plain form + と言っていました
(いって）
with a na-adjective or noun, add だ at the end of the plain form.

495
Q

someone

A

だれか / 誰か

496
Q

mandarin oranges

A

みかん / 蜜柑

497
Q

They said it was hot.

A

あついと言っていました。
(いって）

498
Q

negative casual form of ある

A

ない
to exist (inanimate)

499
Q

kind (adj.)
2 words

A

やさしい (優しい)
しんせつ(な）

500
Q

I am still studying katakana.　
I have not studied katakana yet.

A

私はまだカタカナをべんきょうしています。
私はまだカタカナをべんきょうしていません。

501
Q

Out of all the fruit, I like apples the most.

A

くだもののなかでりんごが一ばん好きです。
の中で

502
Q

entrance (to a house)

A

げんかん / 玄関

503
Q

video

A

どうが / 動画

504
Q

clothes

A

ふく / 服

505
Q

That day is a little difficult / I won’t be able to do that day.

A

その日はちょっとむずかしいです。（そのひ）

506
Q

I don’t want (something) (word)

A

欲しくない / ほしくない,

507
Q

How many (people)?

A

なんにん / 何人

508
Q

family of four

A

よにんかぞく / 四人家族

509
Q

to retire

A

いんたいする / 引退する

510
Q

manga artist

A

まんがか / 漫画家

511
Q

You should go to work.

A

しごとに行ったほうがいいです。

512
Q

To use んです with i-adjectives,
They are kind.
They are not kind.
They were kind.

A

add んです to the end of its casual form
やさしいんです。
やさしくないんです。
やさしかったんです。

513
Q

culture

A

ぶんか / 文化

514
Q

maybe never did

A

たーform + ことが ない かも しれません
never-maybe-didn’t do

515
Q

to stop

A

とめる / 止める
same reading as stay (at a hotel)

516
Q

to have / to hold

A

もつ / もちます / もって

517
Q

five people

A

ごにん / 五人

518
Q

word

A

ことば

519
Q

answer (noun)

A

こたえ / 答え

520
Q

to think
（when you try to come up with ideas, reach a conclusion and make decisions or judgements）

A

かんがえる / 考える

521
Q

to give” or “to move something from inside to outside”

A

出す / だす

522
Q

5 (counter for long, thin item)

A

ごほん / 五本

523
Q

1-night stay (at a hotel)

A

いっぱく / 一泊

524
Q

want to become (verb form)

A

なりたい

525
Q

He is intelligent.

A

かれはあたまがいいです。
(His head is good)

526
Q

verb+finish up (completely) / to do by accident
formal / casual

A

formal:verb て-form＋しまう dict form
て＋しまいました past
casual: verb て-stem form +ちゃう
ちゃった past
て-stem form is て-form without the て or で

527
Q

room slippers

A

スリッパ

528
Q

using んです with na-adjectives and nouns present tense
I like it.
I’m a teacher.
。

A

dd な + んです to the end of its casual form.
好きなんです。
先生なんです.

529
Q

I think I will not go to work tomorrow.

A

あしたは仕事に行かないとおもいます。

530
Q

casual form of あきさんはかわいいです。(Aki is cute.)

A

あきさんはかわいい。(It’s an い adjective)

531
Q

homework

A

しゅくだい

532
Q

two dogs

A

二匹の犬 / にひきのいぬ.

533
Q

accepting an invitation
(replying to a May I? question)
2 ways

A

どうぞ (go ahead)
いいですよ (Sure, it’s good)

534
Q

I ate all the snacks (but didn’t necessarily finish them).

A

おかしをぜんぶ食べました。

535
Q

to borrow

A

かりる / 借りる

536
Q

The problem is that Japanese is difficult. (make difficult into a noun)

A

もんだいは日本語がむずかしいことです。

537
Q

nothing

A

なにも / 何も followed by negative forms

538
Q

bathroom slippers

A

トイレのスリッパ

539
Q

to return
(not かえる)

A

もどる / もどります
U-verb
帰る (kaeru) means to go back to one’s home base. 戻る (modoru) means to return to where one was previously and is also used to indicate a return to a previous state.

540
Q

I’m okay / I’m not okay

A

大じょうぶです。
大じょうぶじゃないです。 or
大じょうぶではありません。

541
Q

to be tired

A

つかれる/ 疲れる

542
Q

to work (at a job)

A

はたらく / 働く

543
Q

You should eat as much as possible.

A

できるだけ食べたほうがいいです。

544
Q

animal

A

どうぶつ / 動物

545
Q

to be broken

A

こわれる / 壊れる

don’t confuse with わかれる to separate / break up

546
Q

In casual speech, よ and ね are often added at the end of sentences. It is important to be aware that when these are added to sentences with a noun or na-adjective, not using だ is typically associated with being feminine. So if you prefer to not sound feminine, we recommend not omitting だ.

A
547
Q

Why is that?

A

どうしてですか。

548
Q

as much as possible

A

できるだけ

549
Q

んです in a question form
Is your head hurting? [Tell me more about it.]

A

んですか. used to invite more explanation used with words such as どうして(why)
あたまがいたいんですか。

550
Q

plate

A

さら / 皿

551
Q

sentence structure to ask what someone likes or dislikes.
What kind of food do you like?

A

どんな noun が すきですか（or きらいですか)。
どんな食べものがすきですか。

552
Q

What’s the weather like (time or place)

A

てんきはどうですか。
今日のてんきはどうですか。
とうきょうのてんきはどうですか。

553
Q

I eat an (one) apple.

A

りんごをひとつ食べます

554
Q

body

A

からだ / 体

555
Q

How many (animals)?

A

何匹 / なんびき　(ひ changes to び）

556
Q

suffix for duration of time

A

かん / 間
(similar to Kanji for “to hear” 聞, which has an ear in it )

557
Q

difference between へた / 下手 and にがて / 苦手

A

The words へた / 下手 and にがて /苦手 both mean “not good at”. However, there is a slight difference between them. へた simply states that someone cannot do something, such as a sport. But にがて can also means that person dislikes the activity. That means you can’t use にがて in the same sentence as すき (to like).

558
Q

to sing

A

うたう

559
Q

nose

A

はな / 鼻　　low-to-high

560
Q

flower viewing party

A

おはなみ / お花見

561
Q

Asking Permission: verb + is it okay?
formal / casual

A

て-form of a verb
…て+もいいですか
…て+もいい

562
Q

take off (clothes, shoes, hats)

A

ぬぐ / 脱ぐ / ぬいで

563
Q

Hiroki received a present from his friend.

A

ひろきくんは友だちにプレゼントをもらいました。
Note に means “from”

564
Q

snow / snowy

A

ゆき / 雪

565
Q

to become a teacher

A

先生になる

566
Q

They said it rained.

A

雨だと言っていました

567
Q

I want to buy a suitcase.

A

スーツケースがかいたいです。
(note が)

568
Q

This is a Japanese (language) problem.

A

日本語のもんだいです

569
Q

all (of something)

A

ぜんぶ / 全部

570
Q

to cry

A

なく / 泣く

571
Q

て form for な-adjectives

A

add で:
かんたん - かんたんで

572
Q

What do you think about studying Japanese?
(use “about” word)

A

日本語を勉強することについてどうおもいますか。

573
Q

1 (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

ひとつ / 一つ

574
Q

Give an explanation for why you speak Japanese so well. Actually, I lived in Tokyo.

A

じつは東京に住んでいたんです。

575
Q

verb for making a noun listening to music

A

きく
おんがくをきくこと

576
Q

make an adjective into a noun

A

add こと after i-adjectives, add なこと after na-adjectives.

577
Q

There are many people in Tokyo.

A

東京は人がおおいです。

578
Q

た form of verbs (casual past tense)

A

replace the て / で in the て-form with た / だ

579
Q

to have a fight

A

けんかする / 喧嘩する

580
Q

to climb

A

のぼる / 登る
（U-verb)

581
Q

hangover

A

ふつかよい / 二日酔い (first kanji means second day)

582
Q

I can go

A

行く -> 行ける

583
Q

I think…
(opinion)

A

…とおもう

584
Q

duration of 12 hours / for 12 hours

A

十二時かん
do not use the particle に

585
Q

I can eat (potential form)

A

食べられる

586
Q

hold a wedding

A

けっこんしきをあげます

587
Q

counter for numerals

A

すうじ
数字

588
Q

No, I don’t know that book.

A

いいえ、私はその本をしりません。

589
Q

drink

A

のみもの / 飲み物

590
Q

hurt, pain, or ache
My head hurts.

A

痛い / いたい (i-adjective)
あたまがいたいです。

591
Q

apple

A

りんご

592
Q

tall / high / expensive

A

高い / たかい

593
Q

eye / eyesight/vision

A

め / 目

594
Q

seven (animals)

A

七匹 / ななひき

595
Q

one (animal)

A

一匹 / いっぴき (ひ changes toぴ）

596
Q

nowhere

A

どこも followed by negative forms

597
Q

cloudy

A

くもり / 曇り

598
Q

injury
to injure oneself
I injured my hand

A

けが / 怪我
けがをする。
てにけがをしました。

599
Q

difficult

A

むずかしい (難しい)

600
Q

I want to become a Japanese teacher.

A

日本語の先生になりたいです。

601
Q

want to buy

A

かいます → かいたい

602
Q

I thought Yurika has (previously) been to Kyoto.

A

ゆりかさんは 京とに 行った ことがある と おもいました 。

603
Q

4 (tsu-counter) (inanimate objects)

A

よっつ / 四つ

604
Q

verbs when say why we like certain things by describing them.

A

use the casual form before から.

605
Q

stomach / abdomen / belly

A

おなか / お腹

606
Q

spring (season)

A

はる / 春
We use both に and は to talk about seasons.

607
Q

verb for making a noun with しゃしん

A

とる
しゃしんをとること

608
Q

After verb 1, verb 2

A

verb 1 た + 後（で)、verb 2.
(あと）
verb1 in ta-form

609
Q

nine (animals)

A

九匹 / きゅうひき

610
Q

police officer

A

けいさつかん / 警察官

611
Q

to live / dwell / reside

A

すむ / 住む with に (for the place)

612
Q

jeans

A

ジーンズ

613
Q

I will be careful.

A

ちゅう意します
ちゅうい

614
Q

な at the end of a sentence

A

な is added at the end of a sentence to express emotion. This can be added to expressions for wishes.

615
Q

I went nowhere.

A

どこも行きませんでした。

616
Q

talk about a specifc time
(when I was a child)

A

noun + の時 (とき)
子どもの時
こどものとき
時 refers to a specific time
とき refers to a situation

617
Q

I don’t live in Tokyo. / I haven’t been living in Tokyo.

A

東京に住んでいません。

618
Q

sky

A

そら / 空

619
Q

to grow (become) to like

A

好き → 好きになる

620
Q

Person 1 receives object from person 2.
(sentence pattern, 2 ways)

A

(Person 1) は person 2 に object を もらいます。or
Person 1 は person 2 から object を もらいます。

621
Q

want (something) word

A

ほしい

622
Q

winter

A

ふゆ / 冬

623
Q

to lose (something)

A

なくす / 無くす

624
Q

Actually … (at the start of a sentence) 2 ways

A

ほんとうは / 本当は　　(wa) or
じつは

625
Q

Japanese-style heated table

A

こたつ / 炬燵

626
Q

maybe +verb

A

かも

627
Q

custom

A

しゅうかん

628
Q

boyfriend / he

A

かれ / 彼

629
Q

probably (less formal) comes before the verb

A

たぶん

630
Q

more formal / very formal counter for people

A

めい
めいさま

631
Q

popular

A

にんきん / 人気

632
Q

to fix

A

なおす / 直す

633
Q

probably, with verb

A

verb (casual form) + でしょう。

634
Q

May I …?

A

でもいいですか

635
Q

student cafeteria

A

がくしょく / 学食

636
Q

to answer しっていますか。positive / negative

A

はい、しっています。
いいえ、しりません。
don’t use progressive for negative answer.

637
Q

The て form of かっこいい

A

かっこよくて

638
Q

to plan

A

けいかくする / 計画する

639
Q

using んです with na-adjectives and nouns past tense and negative
I didn’t like it.
I was a teacher.

A

add んです to the end of its casual form. (no な )
好きじゃないんです。
先生だったんです。
(ンデス gives an explanation or reason)

640
Q

I can’t speak (Japanese).

A

話すことができません。

641
Q

room

A

へや / 部屋

642
Q

I like nobody.

A

だれもすきじゃない。

643
Q

your girlfriend / she

A

かのじょ / 彼女 or
私のかのじょ (to emphasize your)

644
Q

Please don’t look.

A

見ないでください。

645
Q

to give, when
(Person 1 not me or my family member) gives to person 2 (me or my family member) (from an outider to an insider)
verb and sentence pattern

A

くれる
Person 1 (not me or my family member) は person 2 (me or my family member) に object をくれます。

646
Q

Please don’t eat the cakes, as much as possible. (Please eat the cakes as little as possible.)

A

できるだけケーキを食べないでください。
possible-only-cake-を-don’t eat-で-please

647
Q

formerly
(as in, “I was formerly”)

A

もと

648
Q

lovable

A

だいすき / 大好き (na-adjective)

649
Q

to answer わかりますか。positive / negative

A

はい、わかります。
いいえ、わかりません。

650
Q

wanted to (do something) (rule)

A

in the ます verb form drop the ます and add たかった

651
Q

want something (word)

A

ほしい / 欲しい

652
Q

didn’t want to (do something)
(sentence pattern)

A

in the ます form of the verb, drop the ます and add たくなかった;
た-form of verb + くなかった

653
Q

duration in years

A

using かん is optional.

654
Q

not yet

A

まだです

655
Q

many; a lot

A

おおい / 多い

656
Q

casual form of えみさんはせんせいじゃないです。
(Emi is not a teacher.)

A

えみさんは先生じゃない。

657
Q

cherry blossom

A

さくら / 桜

658
Q

lively, bustling

A

にぎやか (賑やか)
なーadjective

659
Q

too much + adjective

A

な adjectives, just add すぎる / すぎます
い adjectives, we remove い and add すぎる / すぎます

660
Q

when to use かん particle before 前 or 後

A

~~~

add かん before 前 or 後, after the number and counter, when talking about 時 (hours) or 週 (weeks)
ten weeks ago: 10週かん前

661
Q

already

A

もう

662
Q

where you are from / hometown

A

しゅっしん / 出身 (small tsu)

663
Q

Please teach me how to use chopsticks.

A

おはしの つかいかたを おしえて ください 。
note use of の
“how to use” is a noun

664
Q

Japanese-style opaque sliding door

A

ふすま / 襖

665
Q

making desserts

A

おかしづくり / お菓子作り / okashi zukuri

666
Q

To ask a question of whether you should (shouldn’t) do something

A

add the question particle か at the end of the should (shouldn’t) sentence

667
Q

number one, the best

A

いちばん / 一番

668
Q

not good at / to dislike (referring to yourself or someone else) (and you mght actually hate doing it)

A

にがて / 苦手 (na-adjective)

669
Q

judo (a type of martial arts)

A

柔道 / じゅうどう

670
Q

to understand

A

わかる / 分かる
When you are using わかる, you use it with the particle が.

671
Q

Where are you from?

A

どこのしゅっしんですか。

672
Q

3 (counter for long, thin item)

A

さんぼん / 三本

673
Q

three (animals)

A

三匹 / さんびき (ひ changes to び）

674
Q

verb + let’s (casual)　RU-verbs
casual form of ましょう
(volitional form)

A

remove the final る and add よう
食べる → 食べよう

675
Q

verb + let’s (casual) irr-verbs
casual form of ましょう
くる
する
(volitional form)

A

こよう
しよう

676
Q

Let’s eat (casual)
Shall we eat?
(volitional form)

A

食べよう
食べようか。

677
Q

casual form of ごめんなさい

A

ごめん

678
Q

Inviting others casually: U verbs
(volitional form)

A

change the final -u hiragana ending to the corresponding -o hiragana, and then add う
行く (to go) -> 行こう (Let’s go.)

679
Q

theme park

A

テーマパーク

680
Q

I think I’ll + verb
desire to +verb

A

volitional form + と思います。 (おも）

681
Q

Plural of nouns refering to people
we
children

A

add たち
私たち (we)
子どもたち (children)

682
Q

conditional form sentence structure (If…)

A

(casual form, past tense) ら、….

683
Q

```

if something is cheap, ..
(い-adjective conditional form )

A

安かったら
(やす)

684
Q

if someone is free
(な-adjective conditional form）

A

ひまだったら

685
Q

if someone is a school teacher
(noun conditional form)

A

先生だったら

686
Q

if someone has
(verb conditional form)

A

あったら
from ある

687
Q

sentence pattern for “to ask someone for some information, using 聞く(きく)

A

person (whom we ask) に object (what we ask) を 聞く

688
Q

I ask my teacher.

A

先生に聞く。

689
Q

I listen to music.

A

音楽を聞く。

690
Q

use of とき with a noun

A

noun+の+とき

691
Q

verb+Must because it’s a law or rule

A

な-form＋ければ + なりません
…な+ければ + ならない

692
Q

(something) is closed / shut

A

しまる

693
Q

better
which is better

A

ほうが
どちらのほうが

694
Q

formerly

A

もと / 元

695
Q

after all, in the end

A

けっきょく / 結局

696
Q

verb+may not do too much

A

verb masu stem + すぎて＋
は＋いけません

697
Q

verb+ “have to” or “must”

because it is a law or a rule

A

use な-form, and add
polite: ければ + なりません
casual: ければ + ならない

（not) + if +won’t happen/won’t become

698
Q

to start a job

A

しゅうしょくする / 就職する

699
Q

season

A

きせつ / 季節

700
Q

It can’t be helped. (responding to a rejection)

A

しかたがない / 仕方がない (way-not)
しかたがないですね。(casual)
しかたないですね。(can drop the particle - more casual)
しかたない
しょうがない (very casual)

701
Q

あめはいつやみますか

A

When will it stop raining?

702
Q

できるだけあるかないほうがいいです。

A

You should avoid walking, as much as possible.

703
Q

コーヒーを１つと、ケーキを２つお願いします。

A

One coffee and two cakes, please
コーヒーを１つ(ひとつ)と、ケーキを２つ(ふたつ)お願いします。(おねがい）

704
Q

まんがの中でナルトが一ばんえがきれいです。

A

Out of all the manga, Naruto’s art is the prettiest

705
Q

ねる前に、おふろに入ります。

A

Before going to bed, I have a bath.

706
Q

私の犬はあたまがわるいです

A

My dog is unintelligent.
(My dog’s head is bad)

707
Q

この本をどうおもいますか。

A

What do you think of this book?

708
Q

食べると言っていました。

A

They said they would eat.
食べると言っていました。
(いって）

709
Q

できるだけ安い電話がほしいです。

A

I want a phone that’s as inexpensive as possible.
できるだけ安い電話がほしいです。（やすいでんわ）

Busuu Japanese (17 decks)

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