Busuu B1-6

Question 1

structure for making “if” sentences

Answer 1

casual form (present tense) と、…

Question 2

天気がいいと、ふじ山が見えます。

Answer 2

If the weather is good, you can see Mt. Fuji.
（potential form / can) of みう; うー＞え)

Question 3

difference between たら and と? (both mean if)

Answer 3

The action or the state followed by と must always happen. Therefore, と can’t be followed by a request (〜てください), an invitation (〜ませんか) or a suggestion (どうですか).
と can’t be used for imaginary or unreal situations.

Question 4

pattern for “we hope something will happen”

Answer 4

〜と、いいです

Question 5

本があると、いいです。

Answer 5

If I have a book, it would be nice

Question 6

to say “to start / finish doing something”

Answer 6

Use ます stem (drop ます from the first verb) and add 始める (to start はじめる) or 終(お)わる (to finish).

Question 7

I start eating breakfast.

Answer 7

朝ごはんを食べ始めます。
(はじめる)

Question 8

昼ごはんを食べ終(お)わります。

Answer 8

I finish eating lunch.
（ひるごはん）

Question 9

私たちはまんがを読みおわりました。

Answer 9

We’ve finished reading the manga.

Question 10

毎日ジムに行き始めました

Answer 10

I’ve started going to the gym every day

Question 11

the ば form.

Answer 11

change the final -u hiragana ending of the dictionary from to the corresponding -e hiragana, and then add ば.

Question 12

To say “I wish I had done something”,

Answer 12

〜ば form、よかったです。

よかった is the past tense of いい.

Question 13

アイスクリームを食べれば、よかったです

Answer 13

I wish I’d had an ice cream.

Question 14

bring

Answer 14

持ってくる
もってくる

Question 15

To express regret about doing something in the past

Answer 15

〜なければ、よかった。
Drop the final い from the ない form and add ければ

Question 16

different ways to changes endings of U-verbs:
a, i, u , e o

Answer 16

a: ない form 行かない negative

i: ます form 行きます non-past

u: dictionary form 行く

e: ば form 行けば wish I had done / didn’t do

o: volitional form 行こう

Question 17

take

Answer 17

もっていく

Question 18

to change; to transfer (transport)

Answer 18

のりかえる / 乗り換える
ride - exchange

Question 19

to get off

Answer 19

おりる / 降りる

Question 20

particles for 乗(の)る and 降(お)りる.

Answer 20

use に with 乗(の)る and を with 降(お)りる.

Question 21

to be in time (for)

Answer 21

まにあう / 間に合う

Question 22

to hurry

Answer 22

いそぐ / 急ぐ

Question 23

時間がないので、急(いそ)ぎます。

Answer 23

Because I don’t have time, I’ll hurry.
（じかん）

Question 24

乗

Answer 24

の-る
to get on; to ride

Question 25

降

Answer 25

お-りる / ふ-る
to get off; to fall

Question 26

降りる

Answer 26

to get off
おりる

Question 27

降る

Answer 27

to fall (e.g. rain)
ふる

Question 28

急

Answer 28

いそ-ぐ
to hurry
don’t confuse with 馬 / horse / うま

Question 29

急いで

Answer 29

hurriedly
いそいで

Question 30

遅

Answer 30

おく-れる
to be late

Question 31

終

Answer 31

お-わる
to finish

Question 32

by (time expression)
e.g., by three o’clock

Answer 32

までに

Question 33

日本へ行けば、日本語が上手になります。

Answer 33

If you go to Japan, you’ll become good at Japanese.
(use ~ば form for hopes and expectations)

Question 34

tense of the phrase after the ~ば-form

Answer 34

もっと勉強すれば、よかったです。(I wish I had studied more.)
もっと勉強すれば、いいです。(If I study more, I’ll be ok.)

Question 35

differences between 〜たら and 〜ば?

Answer 35

〜ば form expresses a good result or the speaker’s wishes.
〜たら expresses “if” the condition is satisfied, what the result will be.
たら can mean “when” or “after” if the ~たら phrase is a certainty.
verb 1 たら 、verb 2。 Verb 1 must happen first, and verb 2 happens next. The verbs can be past events.
In a 〜ば sentence, verb1 cannoy be past tense
When we want to emphasise the “if”, we can add もし at the beginning of 〜たら and 〜ば sentences.

Question 36

元気

Answer 36

fine, good, okay
げんき

Question 37

もし

Answer 37

emphasizes “if” at the beginning of a 〜たら or 〜ば sentense