Vocab: Physics SL Flashcards
Heat
Transfer of thermal energy between substances due to difference of temperature.
Temperature
- Measure of average kinetic energy of molecules of a substance.
- Includes translational, vibrational and rotational motion
Thermal Equilibrium
State of no net thermal energy difference between objects
Thermal Energy
The part of kinetic and potential energy in a substance resulting in temperature
Absolute Zero
- The lowest temperature possible (-273.16°C or zero kelvin)
Heat Capacity (C)
Amount of thermal energy required to raise 1g of an object by 1C.
Specific Heat Capacity (per g)
Amount of thermal energy required to raise temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1K (or Celsius).
Evaporation
Faster-moving molecules escape from surface of a liquid.
Boiling
Liquid changes into a gas at constant temperature of boiling point.
Specific Latent Heat
- Amount of thermal energy required to change state of substance
- SLH of fusion is solid to liquid; SLH of vaporization is liquid to gas.
Calorimeter
- Insulating device in which energy (enthalpy) reaction carried out.
- Calorimeter will absorb energy at constant rate from reaction
- Can be added to energy gained by solution
Principle of Heat Exchange
Total energy gained by any components must equal total energy lost by others
A-B
- Heating solid
- Increase in vibrational motion
B-C
- Melting point
- Energy goes to breaking bonds between lattice points
C-D
- Heating liquid
- Increase in vibrational and rotational motion
