Vocab Chapter 8 Lesson 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Adipocytes

A

Cells specialized in the storage of fat that makes up adipose tissue.

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2
Q

Emulsifier

A

A substance used to bind a hydrophobic and hydrophilic compound.

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3
Q

Enzymes

A

A protein molecule that acts as a catalyst to bring about a biochemical reaction, thus speeding up the process.

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4
Q

Bile

A

An alkaline fluid that aids in digestion – it is secreted by the liver and stored in the gall bladder.

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5
Q

Micelle

A

A compound comprised of bile salts (water-loving) surrounding monoglycerides, free fatty acids, and fat-soluble vitamins (water phobic) in order for absorption to occur.

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6
Q

Lymphatic System

A

An extensive network of vessels passing through almost all bodily tissues that produce and transport lymph (colorless fluid of white blood cells).

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7
Q

Lipoprotein Lipase

A

An enzyme found in the endothelium of the cells that breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and a glycerol for the cell to use.

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8
Q

Endothelium

A

Cells that line the inner surface of blood vessels and other lymphatic tissue.

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9
Q

Low-Density Lipoprotein

A

Lipoprotein that carries cholesterol from the liver to the cells, known as bad cholesterol.

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10
Q

High-Density Lipoprotein

A

Lipoprotein that carries excess cholesterol away from the cells to the liver where it is turned into bile or excreted, known as the good cholesterol.

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11
Q

Beta-Oxidation

A

The process that occurs within the cell’s mitochondria to produce glycerol and fatty acids.

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12
Q

Acetyl-CoA

A

A molecule that participates in biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, producing energy.

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13
Q

Ketone Bodies

A

A group of incompletely metabolized fat fragments that are normally produced during fat metabolism in the absence of adequate carbohydrates.

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