Vocab Chapter 8 Lesson 3 Flashcards
Adipocytes
Cells specialized in the storage of fat that makes up adipose tissue.
Emulsifier
A substance used to bind a hydrophobic and hydrophilic compound.
Enzymes
A protein molecule that acts as a catalyst to bring about a biochemical reaction, thus speeding up the process.
Bile
An alkaline fluid that aids in digestion – it is secreted by the liver and stored in the gall bladder.
Micelle
A compound comprised of bile salts (water-loving) surrounding monoglycerides, free fatty acids, and fat-soluble vitamins (water phobic) in order for absorption to occur.
Lymphatic System
An extensive network of vessels passing through almost all bodily tissues that produce and transport lymph (colorless fluid of white blood cells).
Lipoprotein Lipase
An enzyme found in the endothelium of the cells that breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and a glycerol for the cell to use.
Endothelium
Cells that line the inner surface of blood vessels and other lymphatic tissue.
Low-Density Lipoprotein
Lipoprotein that carries cholesterol from the liver to the cells, known as bad cholesterol.
High-Density Lipoprotein
Lipoprotein that carries excess cholesterol away from the cells to the liver where it is turned into bile or excreted, known as the good cholesterol.
Beta-Oxidation
The process that occurs within the cell’s mitochondria to produce glycerol and fatty acids.
Acetyl-CoA
A molecule that participates in biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, producing energy.
Ketone Bodies
A group of incompletely metabolized fat fragments that are normally produced during fat metabolism in the absence of adequate carbohydrates.