Vocab Chapter 8 Lesson 2

Question 1

Essential Fatty Acids

Answer 1

Fatty acids that cannot be synthesized, or not in adequate amounts, and, therefore have to be consumed in the diet – they include omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.

Question 2

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Answer 2

Fat soluble means that a compound or molecule can be dissolved into fat. Fat-soluble vitamins include A, D, E, and K.

Question 3

Omega-3s (a-Linolenic)

Answer 3

Named based on the position of the first double bond in the carbon chain, Carbon 3, an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid that is found in fish, seafood, flaxseed oil, and walnuts.

Question 4

Omega-6s (a-Linoleic)

Answer 4

Named based on the position of the first double bond in the carbon chain, Carbon 6, an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid that is found primarily in plant oils such as corn, soybean, and safflower.

Question 5

EPA

Answer 5

Abbreviation for eicosapentaenoic acid, essential omega-3 fatty acid found in marine sources including fish and krill, serves as a precursor to various compounds that have anti-inflammatory activities in the body in addition to serving as structural components of the brain and eye tissue.

Question 6

DHA

Answer 6

Abbreviation for docosahexaenoic acid, the essential omega-3 fatty acid found in marine sources including fish and krill, highly abundant in the human brain, eyes, and sperm cells.

Question 7

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)

Answer 7

The recommended intake of various nutrients as determined by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine - the DRIs include recommendations like the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) and Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR).

Question 8

Adequate Intake (AI)

Answer 8

The recommended average daily intake level based on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by groups of apparently healthy people that are assumed to be adequate - the AI is used when an RDA cannot be determined.

Question 9

Membrane

Answer 9

A thin, soft, pliable layer that acts as a boundary, lining, or partition around an organism or cell.

Question 10

Selective Permeability

Answer 10

Monitors what materials enter and exit a cell.