Vocab Flashcards
-ficio
make, do
-icio
throw
-ne
(introduces question)
-que
and
-ve
or
a, ab
+ablative
from, by
a/ab-
(in compounds) away
abeo
I go away
abesse
to be absent, away, distant from
abii
I went away
abire
to go away
abitus
(having been gone away)
ablatus
having been taken away, carried off, stolen
abstuli
I took away, carried off, stole
absum
I am absent, away, distant from
ac, atque
and
accido, accidere, accidi
happen
accipio, accipere, accepi, acceptus
accept, take in, receive, hear
accusi, accusare, accusavi, accusatus
accuse
acer, acris, acre
keen, sharp, fierce
acies
feminine - fifth declension
line, battle line, army
acriter
keenly, sharply, fiercely
actus
having been done, acted, driven
ad
+accusative
to, towards, at, about, near
addo, addere, addidi, additus
add, join
ademi
I took away, removed
ademptus
having been taken away, removed
adeo
so much, so greatly, to such an extent
adeo, adire
go to, approach
adeptus sum
I obtained
adesse
to be here, present
adfui
I was here, present
adhuc
till now, still
adii
I went to, approached
adimo, adimere
take away, remove
adipiscor, adipisci
obtain
aditus
(having been gone to), having been approached
adiuvo, adiuvare, adiuvi, adiutus
help
admitto, admittere, admisi, admissus
let in, permit, commit
adsum
I am here, present
adulescens
masculine - third declension
youth, young man
advenio, advenire, adveni
arrive
adventus, adventus
masculine - fourth declension
arrival
adversus
against, opposite
adversus +accusative
against, towards
adversus, adversa, adversum
facing, opposite, hostile, misfortune
aedificium
neuter - second declension
building
aedifico, aedificare, aedificavi, aedificatus
build
aeger, aegra, aegrum
sick, ill, weary, love-sick
aequus, aequa, aequum
equal, fair, favourable, calm
aestas, aestatis
feminine - third declension
summer
aetas, aetatis
feminine - third declension
age (of individual / period)
afui
I was absent, away, distant from
ager, agri
masculine - second declension
field; (often plural) land, territory
aggredior, aggredi, aggressus sum
attack, approach
agmen, agminis
neuter - third declension
column of men, army
agnitus
having been recognised
agnosco, agnoscere
recognise
agnovi
I recognised
ago, agere
do, act, drive
agricola, agricolae
masculine - first declension
farmer
ala, alae
feminine - first declension
wing (of bird/army)
alienus, aliena, alienum
someone else’s, strange, foreign
alii…alii
some…others
aliquis
someone, something, anyone, anything
aliter
otherwise
alius, alia, aliud
other, one, another, else
alter, altera, alterum
the other, one (of two), another, a second
altus, alta, altum
high; deep
ambulo, ambulare, ambulavi
walk
amica
female - first declension
girl-friend, female friend
amicitia, amicitiae
feminine - first declension
friendship
amicus
masculine - second declension
friend
amisi
I lost
amissus
having been lost
amitto, amittere
I lose, to lose
amo, amare, amavi, amatus
love, like
amor, amoris
masculine - third declension
love
amphitheatrum, amphitheatri
neuter - second declension
amphitheatre
an
or
ancilla
slave-girl, slave-woman
angustus, angusta, angustum
narrow, confined
animadverto, animadvertere, animadverti, animadversus
notice, observe
animal, animalis
neuter - third declension
animal, living creature
animus
masculine - second declension
spirit, soul, mind, courage
annus
masculine - second declension
year
ante
+acc
before, in front of
antea
before, previously
antequam
before
aperio, aperire, aperui, apertus
open, reveal, disclose
appareo, apparere, apparui
appear
appropinquo, appropinquare, appropinquavi
+dative
approach, come near to
aptus, apta, aptum
suitable, appropriate
for: +dative / +ad+accusative
apud
+accusative
at the house of, among, according to, in the opinion of
aqua
feminine - first declension
water
aquila
feminine - first declension
eagle; legionary standard
ara
feminine - first declension
altar
arbor
feminine - third declension
tree
arcesso, arcessere, arcessivi, arcessitus
summon, send for
ardeo, ardere
burn, blaze
argentum
neuter - second declension
silver, money
arma, amorum
neuter plural - second declension
arms, weapons, armour
armatus, armati
masculine - second declension
armed man
armo, armare, armavi, armatus
arm, equip with weapons
ars, artis
feminine - third declension
art, skill
arsi
I burned, blazed
arsus
having been burned, blazed
arx, arcis
feminine - third declension
citadel
ascendo, ascendere, ascendi, ascensus
climb, go up
salus , salutis
feminine - third declension
health, safety, greeting
at
but
atrium, atrii
neuter - second declension
hall
attonitus, attonita, attonitum
astonished, thunder-struck
auctoritas, auctoritatis
feminine - third declension
authority, power, influence
auctus
having been increased, exaggerated
audax, audacis
bold, daring
audeo, audere, ausus sum
dare
audio, audire, audivi, auditus
hear, listen to
aufero, auferre
take away, carry off, steal
augeo, augere
increase, exaggerate
aurum, auri
neuter - second declension
gold
aut
or, either
aut…aut
either…or
autem
but, however
auxi
I increased, exaggerated
auxilium
neuter - second declension
help; (plural) auxiliary troops
avidus, avida, avidum
greedy, eager
barbarus, barbara, barbarum
foreign, barbarian
bellum
neuter - second declension
war
bellum inferre
+dative
to make war on
bene
well
beneficium
neuter - second declension
kindness, service, favour
benignus, benigna, benignum
kind
bibo, bibere, bibi
drink
bis
twice
bona, bonorum
neuter plural - second declension
goods, possessions, property
bonus, bona, bonum
good
brevis
short, brief
cado, cadere
fall, perish
caedes, caedis
feminine - third declension
slaughter, killing, murder
caedo, caedere
cut down, beat, kill
caelum
neuter - second declension
sky, heaven
caesus
having been cut down, beaten, killed
campus
masculine - second declension
plain, field
canis, canis
masculine and feminine - third declension
dog
cano, canere
sing, sound, play (e.g. trumpet), sing of, celebrate
cantus
having been sung, sounded, played (e.g. trumpet), sung of, celebrated
capio, capere, cepi, captus
take, catch, capture; captivate
captivus
masculine - second declension
captive, prisoner
caput
neuter - third declension
head, person, life, capital
carmen, carminis
neuter - third declension
song, poem, spell
carus, cara, carum
dear
castra, castrorum
neuter plural - second declension
camp
casus
having been fallen, perished
causa
+genitive
for the sake of
causa, causae
feminine - first declension
cause, reason, case
causam dico
I plead a case
caveo, cavere, cavi, cautus
beware (of), take care
cecidi
I fell, perished, cut down, beat, killed
cecini
I sung, sounded, played (e.g. trumpet), sung of, celebrated
cedo, cedere
yield, give up; (in compounds) go
celer, celeris, celere
quick
celo, celare, celavi, celatus
hide, conceal
cena
feminine - first declension
dinner, meal
ceno, cenare, cenavi, cenatus
dine
centurio, centurionis
masculine - third declension
centurion
cerno, cernere
see, perceive, decree
certamen
neuter - third declension
contest, battle, struggle
certiorem facere
inform
certus, certa, certum
certain, sure, fixed
cessi, cessus
yield, give up; (in compounds) go
ceteri, ceterae, cetera
the rest, the other
cibus
masculine - second declension
food
cinctus
having been surrounded, enclosed, girded; (pass) having been laid round
cingo, cingere
surround, enclose, gird; (pass) lie round
cinxi
I surrounded, enclosed, girded; (pass) lay round
circum, circa
+accusative
around, about
circumdo, circumdare, circumdedi, circumdatus
surround X (accusative) with Y (ablative) put X (accusative) round Y (dative)
civis, cives
masculine and feminine - third declension
citizen
civitas, civitatis
feminine - third declension
citizenship, state, city, tribe
clades, cladis
feminine - third declension
disaster, loss, defeat
clam
secretly
clamo, clamare, clamavi, clamatus
shout, exclaim, proclaim
clamor, clamoris
masculine - third declension
shout, uproar, noise
clarus, clara, clarum
clear, famous, distinguished
classis, classis
feminine - third declension
fleet; class
claudo, claudere
close, shut (in), confine, blockade
clausi
I closed, shut (in), confined, blockaded
clausus
having been closed, shut (in), confined, blockaded
coactus
having been forced, compelled, driven, assembled
coegi
I forced, compelled, drove, assembled
coepi, coepisse, coeptus
began
cogito, cogitare, cogitavi, cogitatus
think, consider
cognosco, cognoscere, cognovi, cognitus
get to know, find out, learn
cogo, cogere
force, compel, drive, assemble
cohors, cohortis
feminine - third declension
cohort, company
collectus
having been collected, assembled
collegi
I collected, assembled
colligo, colligere
collect, assemble
collis, collis
masculine - third declension
hill
colo, colere, colui
cultivate, worship, honour
comes, comitis
masculine and feminine - third declension
comrade, companion
commisi, commissus
commit, fight, begin (battle)
committo, committere
commit, fight, begin (battle)
commodus, commoda, commodum
convenient, suitable
comparo, comparare, comparavi, coparatus
prepare, provide, obtain; compare
compleo, complere
fill
completus
having been filled
complevi
I filled
condemno, condemnare, condemnavi, condemnatus
convict, condemn
condo, condere, condidi, conditus
found, establish, compose; hide
confero, conferre
collect, compare; contribute, bestow
conficio, conficicere, confeci, confectus
finish, complete; wear out
confido, confidere, confisus sum
+ dative
trust, believe, have confidence (in)
coniugis
genitive of coniunx
of husband, wife, spouse
coniunx
masculine and feminine - third declension
husband, wife, spouse
coniuratio, coniurationis
feminine - third declension
conspiracy, plot
conlatus
having been collected, compared; having been contributed, bestowed
conor, conari, conatus sum
try
consilium capio
form/adopt/hatch a plan, decide
consilium, consilii
neuter - second declension
plan, advice, idea; council; prudence
consisto, consistere, constiti, constitus
halt, stand, stand firm
consituto, constituere, constitui, constituts
decide, establish
conspicio, conspicere, conspexi, conspectus
notice, observe, see
constat
it is agreed (that, +accusative+infinitive)
consul, consulis
masculine - third declension
consul
consulo, consulere, consului, consumptus
consult, consider, advise
consumo, consumere, consumpsi, consumptus
eat, consume, spend
contendo, contendere, contendi, contentus
hurry, march, contend, fight
contentus, contenta, contentum
contented, satisfied
contra
+accusative
against
contuli
I collected, compared; I contributed, bestowed
convenio, convenire, conveni
come together, meet; be settled
conventus
having been (come together) settled
convoco, convocare, convocavi, convocatus
call together, summon, assemble
copiae, copiarum
feminine plural - first declension
troops, forces, supplies
cornu, cornus
neuter - fourth declension
horn; wing of an army
corpus, corporis
neuter - third declension
body
correptus
having been seized, carried off
corrpio, corripere, corripui
seize, carry off
corrumpo, corrumpere, corrupi, corruptus
spoil, destroy, corrupt
cotidie
every day, daily
cras
tomorrow
credo, credere, credidi, creditus
+dative
believe, trust, entrust
cretus
having been seen, perceived, decreed
crevi
I saw, perceived, decreed
crimen, criminis
neuter - third declension
accusation, charge, crime
crudelis, crudele
cruel
crudelitas, crudelitatis
feminine - third declension
cruelty
cubiculum, cubiculi
masculine - second declension
bedroom
cucurri
I ran
culpa, culpae
feminine - first declension
fault, blame
culpo, culpae, culpavi, culpatus
blame
cultus
having been cultivated, worshipped, honoured
cum
when, since, although
cum
+abl
with
cunctus, cuncta, cunctum
all, whole
cupidus, cupida, cupidum
+genitive
eager (for), greedy
cupio, cupere, cupivi, cupitus
desire, wish, want
cur?
why?
cura, curae
feminine - first declension
care, charge, anxiety
curo, curare, curavi, curatus
care for, cure; (+gerundive) get (something) done, see to
curro, currere
run
currus, currus
masculine - fourth declension
chariot
cursus
having been run
cursus, cursus
masculine - fourth declension
running, course, race
custodio, custodire, custodivi, custoditus
guard
custos, custodis
masculine and feminine - thirddeclension
guard
dare
to give
datus
having been given
de
+ablative
about, from, down from
dea, deae
feminine - first declension
goddess
debeo, debere, debui, debitus
owe, ought
decem
ten
decidi
I fell down
decido, decidere
fall down
decipio, decipere, decipi, deceptus
deceive
decorus, decora, decorum
fitting, handsome, noble
dedi
I gave
dedo, dedere, dedidi, deditus
give up, surrender
defendo, defendere, defendi, defensus
defend
defessus, defessa, defessum
tired
deicio, deicere, deieci, deiectus
throw down
dein
then, next, afterwards
deinde
then, next, afterwards
delectus
having been chosen, selected
delegi
I chose, selected
deleo, delere
destroy
deletus
having been destroyed
delevi
I destroyed
deligo, deligere
choose, select
denique
at last, finally, in short
densus, densa, densum
thick, dense, crowded
depono, deponere
put down, lay aside
depositus
having been put down, laid aside
deposui
I put down, laid aside
descend, descendere, descendi, descensus
descend, come down
desii
I ceased
desino, desinere
cease
desisto, desistere
leave off, cease
desitus
having been ceased
despero, desperare, desperavi, desperatus
despair
destiti
I left off, ceased
destitus
having been left off, ceased
deus, dei
masculine - second declension
god
dexter, dextra, dextrum
right, on the right, right hand
dextra, dextrae
feminine - first declension
right hand, right side
dico, dicere
say, speak, tell
dictus
having been said, spoken, told
didici
I learned
dies, diei
masculine or occasionally feminine - fifth declension
day
difficilis, difficile
difficult
dignitas, dignitatis
feminine - third declension
rank, dignity, importance, honour
dignus, digna, dignum
+ablative
worthy (of), deserving (of)
diligens, diligentis
careful, diligent
dimisi
I dismissed, scattered
dimissus
having been dismissed, scattered
dimitto, dimittere
dismiss, scatter
dirus, dira, dirum
dreadul
discedo, discedere
depart, leave
discessi
I departed, left
disco, discere
learn
dissimilis, dissimile
different
diu
for a long time
diva
feminine - first declension
goddess
dives, divitis
rich
divido, dividere, divisi, divisus
divide, separate
divitae, divitarum
feminine plural - first declension
riches, wealth
divus
masculine - second declension
god
divus, diva, divum
divine
dixi
I said, spoke, told
do
I give
doceo, docere, doctui, doctus
teach, inform
doctus, docta, doctum
learned, educated, skilful, clever
doleo, dolere, dolui
hurt, be in pain, lament
dolor, doloris
masculine - third declension
pain, sorrow, anger
dolus, doli
masculine - second declension
trick, fraud
domina, dominae
feminine - first declension
mistress
dominus, domini
masculine - second declension
master
domus, domus
feminine - fourth declension
house, home
donec
until
donum, doni
neuter - second declension
gift, present
dormio, dormire, dormivi
sleep
dubito, dubitare, dubitavi, dubitatus
doubt, hesitate
dubius, dubia, dubium
doubtful, wavering, uncertain
duco, ducere, duxi, ductus
lead, take; marry; consider
dulcis, dulce
sweet, pleasant
dum
while, until, provided that
dummodo
provided that, so long as
duo
two
durus, dura, durum
hard, harsh, rough
dux, ducis
masculine - third declension
leader, general, ruler
e, ex
+ablative
from, out of;
e-, ex-
out
ecce!
see! look! behold! here is … !
edere
to give out, bring forth, cause
edi
I ate
edidi
I gave out, brought forth, caused
editum
having been given out, brought forth, caused
edo (long e)
I give out, bring forth, cause
edo (short e)
I eat
efficio, efficere, effeci, effectus
carry out, accomplish
effugio, effugere, effugi
escape
egeo, egere, egui
+genitive/ablative
need, be in want of, lack
egi
I did, acted, drove
ego
I, me
egredior, egredi, egressus sum
go out, come out
eicio, eicere, eieci, eiectum
throw out
emo, emere, emi, emptus
buy
enim
for
eo
thither
eo, ire, i(v)i
go
epistula, epistulae
feminine - first declension
letter
eques, equitis
masculine - third declension
knight, horseman, (pl) cavalry
equus, equi
masculine - second declension
horse
erga
+accusative
towards
ergo
therefore
erro, errare, erravi, erratus
wander, make a mistake
errumpo, errumpere
burst forth, break out
erupi
I burst forth, broke out
eruptus
having been burst forth, broken out
esse
to be; to eat (from edo)
esus
having been eaten
et
and, both
etiam
even, also, still
etsi
although
evado, evadere
go out; escape, avoid
evasi, evasus
go out; escape, avoid
evenio, evenire, eveni, eventus
come out; turn out, come about
excipio, excipere, excepi, exceptus
receive, take, welcome
excito, excitare, excitavi, excitatus
wake, rouse, excite
exemplum, exempli
neuter - second declension
example, precedent
exeo, exire, exii
go out, go away
exercitus, exercitus
masculine - fourth declension
army
exilium, exilii
masculine - second declension
exile
exitium, exitii
neuter - second declension
ruin, destruction
expello, expellere
drive out
expuli
I drove out
expulsus
having been driven out
exspecto, exspectare, exspectavi, exspectatus
wait for, expect
extra
+accusative
outside, beyond
fabula, fabulae
feminine - first declension
story, play
facilis, facile
easy
facinus, facinoris
neuter - third declension
crime, outrage, deed
facio, facere, feci, factus
make, do
factum, facti
neuter - second declension
deed, action
factus sum
I became, was made, happened
fallo, fallere
deceive, cheat
falsus
having been deceived, cheated
falsus, falsa, falsum
false, mistaken, untrue
fama, famae
feminine - first declension
rumour, fame, glory
familia, familiae
feminine - first declension
family, household
faveo, favere, favi
+dative
favour, support
fefelli
I deceived, cheated
felix, felicis
fortunate, happy, prosperous
femina, feminae
feminine - first declension
woman
fere
nearly, about
fero, ferre
bear, carry, bring, say
ferox, ferocis
fierce, cruel, brave
ferrum, ferri
neuter - second declension
iron, sword
fessus, fessa, fessum
tired
festino, festinare, festinavi
hurry
fetus, fetus
masculine - fourth declension
fruit, produce; offspring
fictus
having been formed, moulded; having been imagined, invented
fidelis, fidele
trustworthy, faithful, loyal
fides, fidei
feminine - fifth declension
trust, faith, confidence, loyalty
fido, fidere, fisus sum
+dative/ablative
trust, rely upon
fiere
to become, be made, happen
filia, filiae
feminine - first declension
daughter
filiabus
(sometimes) dative/ablative plural of filia
filius, filii
masculine - second declension
son
fingo, fingere
form, mould; imagine, invent
finis, finis
masculine - third declension
end, boundary, (pl) territory
finxi
I formed, moulded; I imagined, invented
fio
I become, am made, happen
flamma, flammae
feminine - first declension
blaze, flame, passion
flecto, flectere
bend
flexi
I bent
flexus
having been bent
flos, floris
masculine - third declension
flower
flumen, fluminis
neuter - third declension
river
fodi
I dug
fodio, fodere
dig
foedus, foederis
neuter - third declension
treaty, agreement
fons, fontis
masculine - third declension
spring, fountain
fortasse
perhaps
forte
by chance
fortis, forte
brave, strong, bold
fortuna, fortunae
feminine - first declension
fortune, fate, luck (good or bad)
forum, fori
neuter - second declension
forum, market place
fossa, fossae
feminine - first declension
ditch, trench
fossus
having been dug
fractus
having been broken, crushed
frango, frangere
break, crush
frater, fratris
masculine - third declension
brother
fregi
I broke, crushed
frequens, (genitive) frequentis
usual, general; crowded; frequent
frigus, frigoris
neuter - third declension
cold
frumemtum, frumenti
neuter - second declension
corn, grain
frustra
in vain
fudi
I poured, shed, routed
fuga, fugae
feminine - first declension
flight, escape
fugio, fugere, fegui
flee, run away (from), avoid
fugo, fugare, fugavi, fugatus
put to flight, rout
fui
I was
fundo, fundere
pour, shed, rout
fundus, fundi
masculine - second declension
farm
fur, furis
masculine - third declension
thief
furor, furoris
masculine - third declension
rage, fury, madness, passion
fusus
having been poured, shed, routed
gaudeo, gaudere
rejoice
gaudium, gaudii
neuter - second declension
joy, delight
gavisus sum
I rejoiced
gemitus, gemitus
masculine - fourth declension
groan, sigh
gens, gentis
feminine - third declension
race, people, family, tribe, nation
genu, genus
masculine - fourth declension
knee
genus, generis
neuter - third declension
race, descent, birth, kind
gero, gerere
bear, wear, wage war, manage
gessi
I bore, wore, waged war, managed
gestus
having been born (from to bear), worn, waged war, managed
gladius, gladii
masculine - second declension
sword
Graeci, Graecorum
masculine plural - second declension
(the) Greeks
Graecia, Graeciae
feminine - first declension
Greece
Graecus, Graeca, Graecum
Greek
gratia, gratiae
feminine - first declension
favour, thanks, esteem
gratias ago
I thank, give thanks
gratias ago
thank, give thanks
gravis, grave
heavy, serious, painful, important
habeo, habere, habui, habitus
have, hold, consider
habito, habitare, habitavi, habitatus
live, dwell
haereo, haerere
stick, cling
haesi
I stuck, clung
haesus
having been stuck, clung
hasta, hastae
feminine - first declension
spear
haud
not
heri
yesterday
hiberna, hibernorum
neuter plural - second declension
winter quarters
hic
here
hic, haec, hoc
this
hiems, hiemis
feminine - third declension
winter, storm
hinc
from here, hence, henceforth
hodie
today
homo, hominis
masculine - third declension
man, person
honor, honoris
masculine - third declension
honour, esteem, glory
hora, horae
feminine - first declension
hour
hortus, horti
masculine - second declension
garden
hospes, hospitis
masculine - third declension
guest, host
hostis, hostis
masculine - third declension
enemy
hotor, hotari, hortatus sum
urge, encourage
huc
here, to this place
humi
genitive of humus; on the ground
humilis, humile
low, humble, lowly
humus, humi
feminine - second declension
ground, earth
iaceo, iacere
lie (down)
iacio, iacere
throw
iactus
having been thrown
iacui
I lay (down)
iam
now, already
ianua, ianuae
feminine - first declension
door
ibi
there, then
idem, eadem, idem
the same
idoneus, idonea, idoneum
suitable, convenient
Idus, Iduum
feminine plural - fourth declension
Ides
ieci
I threw
igitur
therefore, and so
ignarus, ignara, ignarum
(+genitive)
ignorant (of), inexperienced (in)
ignavus, ignava, ignavum
cowardly, lazy
ignis, ignis
masculine - third declension
fire
ignoro, ignorare, ignoravi, ignoratus
do not know, be ignorant, misunderstand
ignotus, ignota, ignotum
unknown
illatus
having been inflicted, brought to, caused, carried against
ille, illa, illud
that; he, she, it; the former
illic
there
illinc
from there