Vocab Flashcards
-ficio
make, do
-icio
throw
-ne
(introduces question)
-que
and
-ve
or
a, ab
+ablative
from, by
a/ab-
(in compounds) away
abeo
I go away
abesse
to be absent, away, distant from
abii
I went away
abire
to go away
abitus
(having been gone away)
ablatus
having been taken away, carried off, stolen
abstuli
I took away, carried off, stole
absum
I am absent, away, distant from
ac, atque
and
accido, accidere, accidi
happen
accipio, accipere, accepi, acceptus
accept, take in, receive, hear
accusi, accusare, accusavi, accusatus
accuse
acer, acris, acre
keen, sharp, fierce
acies
feminine - fifth declension
line, battle line, army
acriter
keenly, sharply, fiercely
actus
having been done, acted, driven
ad
+accusative
to, towards, at, about, near
addo, addere, addidi, additus
add, join
ademi
I took away, removed
ademptus
having been taken away, removed
adeo
so much, so greatly, to such an extent
adeo, adire
go to, approach
adeptus sum
I obtained
adesse
to be here, present
adfui
I was here, present
adhuc
till now, still
adii
I went to, approached
adimo, adimere
take away, remove
adipiscor, adipisci
obtain
aditus
(having been gone to), having been approached
adiuvo, adiuvare, adiuvi, adiutus
help
admitto, admittere, admisi, admissus
let in, permit, commit
adsum
I am here, present
adulescens
masculine - third declension
youth, young man
advenio, advenire, adveni
arrive
adventus, adventus
masculine - fourth declension
arrival
adversus
against, opposite
adversus +accusative
against, towards
adversus, adversa, adversum
facing, opposite, hostile, misfortune
aedificium
neuter - second declension
building
aedifico, aedificare, aedificavi, aedificatus
build
aeger, aegra, aegrum
sick, ill, weary, love-sick
aequus, aequa, aequum
equal, fair, favourable, calm
aestas, aestatis
feminine - third declension
summer
aetas, aetatis
feminine - third declension
age (of individual / period)
afui
I was absent, away, distant from
ager, agri
masculine - second declension
field; (often plural) land, territory
aggredior, aggredi, aggressus sum
attack, approach
agmen, agminis
neuter - third declension
column of men, army
agnitus
having been recognised
agnosco, agnoscere
recognise
agnovi
I recognised
ago, agere
do, act, drive
agricola, agricolae
masculine - first declension
farmer
ala, alae
feminine - first declension
wing (of bird/army)
alienus, aliena, alienum
someone else’s, strange, foreign
alii…alii
some…others
aliquis
someone, something, anyone, anything
aliter
otherwise
alius, alia, aliud
other, one, another, else
alter, altera, alterum
the other, one (of two), another, a second
altus, alta, altum
high; deep
ambulo, ambulare, ambulavi
walk
amica
female - first declension
girl-friend, female friend
amicitia, amicitiae
feminine - first declension
friendship
amicus
masculine - second declension
friend
amisi
I lost
amissus
having been lost
amitto, amittere
I lose, to lose
amo, amare, amavi, amatus
love, like
amor, amoris
masculine - third declension
love
amphitheatrum, amphitheatri
neuter - second declension
amphitheatre
an
or
ancilla
slave-girl, slave-woman
angustus, angusta, angustum
narrow, confined
animadverto, animadvertere, animadverti, animadversus
notice, observe
animal, animalis
neuter - third declension
animal, living creature
animus
masculine - second declension
spirit, soul, mind, courage
annus
masculine - second declension
year
ante
+acc
before, in front of
antea
before, previously
antequam
before
aperio, aperire, aperui, apertus
open, reveal, disclose
appareo, apparere, apparui
appear
appropinquo, appropinquare, appropinquavi
+dative
approach, come near to
aptus, apta, aptum
suitable, appropriate
for: +dative / +ad+accusative
apud
+accusative
at the house of, among, according to, in the opinion of
aqua
feminine - first declension
water
aquila
feminine - first declension
eagle; legionary standard
ara
feminine - first declension
altar
arbor
feminine - third declension
tree
arcesso, arcessere, arcessivi, arcessitus
summon, send for
ardeo, ardere
burn, blaze
argentum
neuter - second declension
silver, money
arma, amorum
neuter plural - second declension
arms, weapons, armour
armatus, armati
masculine - second declension
armed man
armo, armare, armavi, armatus
arm, equip with weapons
ars, artis
feminine - third declension
art, skill
arsi
I burned, blazed
arsus
having been burned, blazed
arx, arcis
feminine - third declension
citadel
ascendo, ascendere, ascendi, ascensus
climb, go up
salus , salutis
feminine - third declension
health, safety, greeting
at
but
atrium, atrii
neuter - second declension
hall
attonitus, attonita, attonitum
astonished, thunder-struck
auctoritas, auctoritatis
feminine - third declension
authority, power, influence
auctus
having been increased, exaggerated
audax, audacis
bold, daring
audeo, audere, ausus sum
dare
audio, audire, audivi, auditus
hear, listen to
aufero, auferre
take away, carry off, steal
augeo, augere
increase, exaggerate
aurum, auri
neuter - second declension
gold
aut
or, either
aut…aut
either…or
autem
but, however
auxi
I increased, exaggerated
auxilium
neuter - second declension
help; (plural) auxiliary troops
avidus, avida, avidum
greedy, eager
barbarus, barbara, barbarum
foreign, barbarian
bellum
neuter - second declension
war
bellum inferre
+dative
to make war on
bene
well
beneficium
neuter - second declension
kindness, service, favour
benignus, benigna, benignum
kind
bibo, bibere, bibi
drink
bis
twice
bona, bonorum
neuter plural - second declension
goods, possessions, property
bonus, bona, bonum
good
brevis
short, brief
cado, cadere
fall, perish
caedes, caedis
feminine - third declension
slaughter, killing, murder
caedo, caedere
cut down, beat, kill
caelum
neuter - second declension
sky, heaven
caesus
having been cut down, beaten, killed
campus
masculine - second declension
plain, field
canis, canis
masculine and feminine - third declension
dog
cano, canere
sing, sound, play (e.g. trumpet), sing of, celebrate
cantus
having been sung, sounded, played (e.g. trumpet), sung of, celebrated
capio, capere, cepi, captus
take, catch, capture; captivate
captivus
masculine - second declension
captive, prisoner
caput
neuter - third declension
head, person, life, capital
carmen, carminis
neuter - third declension
song, poem, spell
carus, cara, carum
dear
castra, castrorum
neuter plural - second declension
camp
casus
having been fallen, perished
causa
+genitive
for the sake of
causa, causae
feminine - first declension
cause, reason, case
causam dico
I plead a case
caveo, cavere, cavi, cautus
beware (of), take care
cecidi
I fell, perished, cut down, beat, killed
cecini
I sung, sounded, played (e.g. trumpet), sung of, celebrated
cedo, cedere
yield, give up; (in compounds) go
celer, celeris, celere
quick
celo, celare, celavi, celatus
hide, conceal
cena
feminine - first declension
dinner, meal
ceno, cenare, cenavi, cenatus
dine
centurio, centurionis
masculine - third declension
centurion
cerno, cernere
see, perceive, decree
certamen
neuter - third declension
contest, battle, struggle
certiorem facere
inform
certus, certa, certum
certain, sure, fixed
cessi, cessus
yield, give up; (in compounds) go
ceteri, ceterae, cetera
the rest, the other
cibus
masculine - second declension
food
cinctus
having been surrounded, enclosed, girded; (pass) having been laid round
cingo, cingere
surround, enclose, gird; (pass) lie round
cinxi
I surrounded, enclosed, girded; (pass) lay round
circum, circa
+accusative
around, about
circumdo, circumdare, circumdedi, circumdatus
surround X (accusative) with Y (ablative) put X (accusative) round Y (dative)
civis, cives
masculine and feminine - third declension
citizen
civitas, civitatis
feminine - third declension
citizenship, state, city, tribe
clades, cladis
feminine - third declension
disaster, loss, defeat
clam
secretly
clamo, clamare, clamavi, clamatus
shout, exclaim, proclaim
clamor, clamoris
masculine - third declension
shout, uproar, noise
clarus, clara, clarum
clear, famous, distinguished
classis, classis
feminine - third declension
fleet; class
claudo, claudere
close, shut (in), confine, blockade
clausi
I closed, shut (in), confined, blockaded
clausus
having been closed, shut (in), confined, blockaded
coactus
having been forced, compelled, driven, assembled
coegi
I forced, compelled, drove, assembled
coepi, coepisse, coeptus
began
cogito, cogitare, cogitavi, cogitatus
think, consider
cognosco, cognoscere, cognovi, cognitus
get to know, find out, learn
cogo, cogere
force, compel, drive, assemble
cohors, cohortis
feminine - third declension
cohort, company
collectus
having been collected, assembled
collegi
I collected, assembled
colligo, colligere
collect, assemble
collis, collis
masculine - third declension
hill
colo, colere, colui
cultivate, worship, honour
comes, comitis
masculine and feminine - third declension
comrade, companion
commisi, commissus
commit, fight, begin (battle)
committo, committere
commit, fight, begin (battle)
commodus, commoda, commodum
convenient, suitable
comparo, comparare, comparavi, coparatus
prepare, provide, obtain; compare
compleo, complere
fill
completus
having been filled
complevi
I filled
condemno, condemnare, condemnavi, condemnatus
convict, condemn
condo, condere, condidi, conditus
found, establish, compose; hide
confero, conferre
collect, compare; contribute, bestow
conficio, conficicere, confeci, confectus
finish, complete; wear out
confido, confidere, confisus sum
+ dative
trust, believe, have confidence (in)
coniugis
genitive of coniunx
of husband, wife, spouse
coniunx
masculine and feminine - third declension
husband, wife, spouse
coniuratio, coniurationis
feminine - third declension
conspiracy, plot
conlatus
having been collected, compared; having been contributed, bestowed
conor, conari, conatus sum
try
consilium capio
form/adopt/hatch a plan, decide
consilium, consilii
neuter - second declension
plan, advice, idea; council; prudence
consisto, consistere, constiti, constitus
halt, stand, stand firm
consituto, constituere, constitui, constituts
decide, establish
conspicio, conspicere, conspexi, conspectus
notice, observe, see
constat
it is agreed (that, +accusative+infinitive)
consul, consulis
masculine - third declension
consul
consulo, consulere, consului, consumptus
consult, consider, advise
consumo, consumere, consumpsi, consumptus
eat, consume, spend
contendo, contendere, contendi, contentus
hurry, march, contend, fight
contentus, contenta, contentum
contented, satisfied
contra
+accusative
against
contuli
I collected, compared; I contributed, bestowed
convenio, convenire, conveni
come together, meet; be settled
conventus
having been (come together) settled
convoco, convocare, convocavi, convocatus
call together, summon, assemble
copiae, copiarum
feminine plural - first declension
troops, forces, supplies
cornu, cornus
neuter - fourth declension
horn; wing of an army
corpus, corporis
neuter - third declension
body
correptus
having been seized, carried off
corrpio, corripere, corripui
seize, carry off
corrumpo, corrumpere, corrupi, corruptus
spoil, destroy, corrupt
cotidie
every day, daily
cras
tomorrow
credo, credere, credidi, creditus
+dative
believe, trust, entrust
cretus
having been seen, perceived, decreed
crevi
I saw, perceived, decreed
crimen, criminis
neuter - third declension
accusation, charge, crime
crudelis, crudele
cruel
crudelitas, crudelitatis
feminine - third declension
cruelty
cubiculum, cubiculi
masculine - second declension
bedroom
cucurri
I ran
culpa, culpae
feminine - first declension
fault, blame
culpo, culpae, culpavi, culpatus
blame
cultus
having been cultivated, worshipped, honoured
cum
when, since, although
cum
+abl
with
cunctus, cuncta, cunctum
all, whole
cupidus, cupida, cupidum
+genitive
eager (for), greedy
cupio, cupere, cupivi, cupitus
desire, wish, want
cur?
why?
cura, curae
feminine - first declension
care, charge, anxiety
curo, curare, curavi, curatus
care for, cure; (+gerundive) get (something) done, see to
curro, currere
run
currus, currus
masculine - fourth declension
chariot
cursus
having been run
cursus, cursus
masculine - fourth declension
running, course, race
custodio, custodire, custodivi, custoditus
guard
custos, custodis
masculine and feminine - thirddeclension
guard
dare
to give
datus
having been given
de
+ablative
about, from, down from
dea, deae
feminine - first declension
goddess
debeo, debere, debui, debitus
owe, ought
decem
ten
decidi
I fell down
decido, decidere
fall down
decipio, decipere, decipi, deceptus
deceive
decorus, decora, decorum
fitting, handsome, noble
dedi
I gave
dedo, dedere, dedidi, deditus
give up, surrender
defendo, defendere, defendi, defensus
defend
defessus, defessa, defessum
tired
deicio, deicere, deieci, deiectus
throw down
dein
then, next, afterwards
deinde
then, next, afterwards
delectus
having been chosen, selected
delegi
I chose, selected
deleo, delere
destroy
deletus
having been destroyed
delevi
I destroyed
deligo, deligere
choose, select
denique
at last, finally, in short
densus, densa, densum
thick, dense, crowded
depono, deponere
put down, lay aside
depositus
having been put down, laid aside
deposui
I put down, laid aside
descend, descendere, descendi, descensus
descend, come down
desii
I ceased
desino, desinere
cease
desisto, desistere
leave off, cease
desitus
having been ceased
despero, desperare, desperavi, desperatus
despair
destiti
I left off, ceased
destitus
having been left off, ceased
deus, dei
masculine - second declension
god
dexter, dextra, dextrum
right, on the right, right hand
dextra, dextrae
feminine - first declension
right hand, right side
dico, dicere
say, speak, tell
dictus
having been said, spoken, told
didici
I learned
dies, diei
masculine or occasionally feminine - fifth declension
day
difficilis, difficile
difficult
dignitas, dignitatis
feminine - third declension
rank, dignity, importance, honour
dignus, digna, dignum
+ablative
worthy (of), deserving (of)
diligens, diligentis
careful, diligent
dimisi
I dismissed, scattered
dimissus
having been dismissed, scattered
dimitto, dimittere
dismiss, scatter
dirus, dira, dirum
dreadul
discedo, discedere
depart, leave
discessi
I departed, left
disco, discere
learn
dissimilis, dissimile
different
diu
for a long time
diva
feminine - first declension
goddess
dives, divitis
rich
divido, dividere, divisi, divisus
divide, separate
divitae, divitarum
feminine plural - first declension
riches, wealth
divus
masculine - second declension
god
divus, diva, divum
divine
dixi
I said, spoke, told
do
I give
doceo, docere, doctui, doctus
teach, inform
doctus, docta, doctum
learned, educated, skilful, clever
doleo, dolere, dolui
hurt, be in pain, lament
dolor, doloris
masculine - third declension
pain, sorrow, anger
dolus, doli
masculine - second declension
trick, fraud
domina, dominae
feminine - first declension
mistress
dominus, domini
masculine - second declension
master
domus, domus
feminine - fourth declension
house, home
donec
until
donum, doni
neuter - second declension
gift, present
dormio, dormire, dormivi
sleep
dubito, dubitare, dubitavi, dubitatus
doubt, hesitate
dubius, dubia, dubium
doubtful, wavering, uncertain
duco, ducere, duxi, ductus
lead, take; marry; consider
dulcis, dulce
sweet, pleasant
dum
while, until, provided that
dummodo
provided that, so long as
duo
two
durus, dura, durum
hard, harsh, rough
dux, ducis
masculine - third declension
leader, general, ruler
e, ex
+ablative
from, out of;
e-, ex-
out
ecce!
see! look! behold! here is … !
edere
to give out, bring forth, cause
edi
I ate
edidi
I gave out, brought forth, caused
editum
having been given out, brought forth, caused
edo (long e)
I give out, bring forth, cause
edo (short e)
I eat
efficio, efficere, effeci, effectus
carry out, accomplish
effugio, effugere, effugi
escape
egeo, egere, egui
+genitive/ablative
need, be in want of, lack
egi
I did, acted, drove
ego
I, me
egredior, egredi, egressus sum
go out, come out
eicio, eicere, eieci, eiectum
throw out
emo, emere, emi, emptus
buy
enim
for
eo
thither
eo, ire, i(v)i
go
epistula, epistulae
feminine - first declension
letter
eques, equitis
masculine - third declension
knight, horseman, (pl) cavalry
equus, equi
masculine - second declension
horse
erga
+accusative
towards
ergo
therefore
erro, errare, erravi, erratus
wander, make a mistake
errumpo, errumpere
burst forth, break out
erupi
I burst forth, broke out
eruptus
having been burst forth, broken out
esse
to be; to eat (from edo)
esus
having been eaten
et
and, both
etiam
even, also, still
etsi
although
evado, evadere
go out; escape, avoid
evasi, evasus
go out; escape, avoid
evenio, evenire, eveni, eventus
come out; turn out, come about
excipio, excipere, excepi, exceptus
receive, take, welcome
excito, excitare, excitavi, excitatus
wake, rouse, excite
exemplum, exempli
neuter - second declension
example, precedent
exeo, exire, exii
go out, go away
exercitus, exercitus
masculine - fourth declension
army
exilium, exilii
masculine - second declension
exile
exitium, exitii
neuter - second declension
ruin, destruction
expello, expellere
drive out
expuli
I drove out
expulsus
having been driven out
exspecto, exspectare, exspectavi, exspectatus
wait for, expect
extra
+accusative
outside, beyond
fabula, fabulae
feminine - first declension
story, play
facilis, facile
easy
facinus, facinoris
neuter - third declension
crime, outrage, deed
facio, facere, feci, factus
make, do
factum, facti
neuter - second declension
deed, action
factus sum
I became, was made, happened
fallo, fallere
deceive, cheat
falsus
having been deceived, cheated
falsus, falsa, falsum
false, mistaken, untrue
fama, famae
feminine - first declension
rumour, fame, glory
familia, familiae
feminine - first declension
family, household
faveo, favere, favi
+dative
favour, support
fefelli
I deceived, cheated
felix, felicis
fortunate, happy, prosperous
femina, feminae
feminine - first declension
woman
fere
nearly, about
fero, ferre
bear, carry, bring, say
ferox, ferocis
fierce, cruel, brave
ferrum, ferri
neuter - second declension
iron, sword
fessus, fessa, fessum
tired
festino, festinare, festinavi
hurry
fetus, fetus
masculine - fourth declension
fruit, produce; offspring
fictus
having been formed, moulded; having been imagined, invented
fidelis, fidele
trustworthy, faithful, loyal
fides, fidei
feminine - fifth declension
trust, faith, confidence, loyalty
fido, fidere, fisus sum
+dative/ablative
trust, rely upon
fiere
to become, be made, happen
filia, filiae
feminine - first declension
daughter
filiabus
(sometimes) dative/ablative plural of filia
filius, filii
masculine - second declension
son
fingo, fingere
form, mould; imagine, invent
finis, finis
masculine - third declension
end, boundary, (pl) territory
finxi
I formed, moulded; I imagined, invented
fio
I become, am made, happen
flamma, flammae
feminine - first declension
blaze, flame, passion
flecto, flectere
bend
flexi
I bent
flexus
having been bent
flos, floris
masculine - third declension
flower
flumen, fluminis
neuter - third declension
river
fodi
I dug
fodio, fodere
dig
foedus, foederis
neuter - third declension
treaty, agreement
fons, fontis
masculine - third declension
spring, fountain
fortasse
perhaps
forte
by chance
fortis, forte
brave, strong, bold
fortuna, fortunae
feminine - first declension
fortune, fate, luck (good or bad)
forum, fori
neuter - second declension
forum, market place
fossa, fossae
feminine - first declension
ditch, trench
fossus
having been dug
fractus
having been broken, crushed
frango, frangere
break, crush
frater, fratris
masculine - third declension
brother
fregi
I broke, crushed
frequens, (genitive) frequentis
usual, general; crowded; frequent
frigus, frigoris
neuter - third declension
cold
frumemtum, frumenti
neuter - second declension
corn, grain
frustra
in vain
fudi
I poured, shed, routed
fuga, fugae
feminine - first declension
flight, escape
fugio, fugere, fegui
flee, run away (from), avoid
fugo, fugare, fugavi, fugatus
put to flight, rout
fui
I was
fundo, fundere
pour, shed, rout
fundus, fundi
masculine - second declension
farm
fur, furis
masculine - third declension
thief
furor, furoris
masculine - third declension
rage, fury, madness, passion
fusus
having been poured, shed, routed
gaudeo, gaudere
rejoice
gaudium, gaudii
neuter - second declension
joy, delight
gavisus sum
I rejoiced
gemitus, gemitus
masculine - fourth declension
groan, sigh
gens, gentis
feminine - third declension
race, people, family, tribe, nation
genu, genus
masculine - fourth declension
knee
genus, generis
neuter - third declension
race, descent, birth, kind
gero, gerere
bear, wear, wage war, manage
gessi
I bore, wore, waged war, managed
gestus
having been born (from to bear), worn, waged war, managed
gladius, gladii
masculine - second declension
sword
Graeci, Graecorum
masculine plural - second declension
(the) Greeks
Graecia, Graeciae
feminine - first declension
Greece
Graecus, Graeca, Graecum
Greek
gratia, gratiae
feminine - first declension
favour, thanks, esteem
gratias ago
I thank, give thanks
gratias ago
thank, give thanks
gravis, grave
heavy, serious, painful, important
habeo, habere, habui, habitus
have, hold, consider
habito, habitare, habitavi, habitatus
live, dwell
haereo, haerere
stick, cling
haesi
I stuck, clung
haesus
having been stuck, clung
hasta, hastae
feminine - first declension
spear
haud
not
heri
yesterday
hiberna, hibernorum
neuter plural - second declension
winter quarters
hic
here
hic, haec, hoc
this
hiems, hiemis
feminine - third declension
winter, storm
hinc
from here, hence, henceforth
hodie
today
homo, hominis
masculine - third declension
man, person
honor, honoris
masculine - third declension
honour, esteem, glory
hora, horae
feminine - first declension
hour
hortus, horti
masculine - second declension
garden
hospes, hospitis
masculine - third declension
guest, host
hostis, hostis
masculine - third declension
enemy
hotor, hotari, hortatus sum
urge, encourage
huc
here, to this place
humi
genitive of humus; on the ground
humilis, humile
low, humble, lowly
humus, humi
feminine - second declension
ground, earth
iaceo, iacere
lie (down)
iacio, iacere
throw
iactus
having been thrown
iacui
I lay (down)
iam
now, already
ianua, ianuae
feminine - first declension
door
ibi
there, then
idem, eadem, idem
the same
idoneus, idonea, idoneum
suitable, convenient
Idus, Iduum
feminine plural - fourth declension
Ides
ieci
I threw
igitur
therefore, and so
ignarus, ignara, ignarum
(+genitive)
ignorant (of), inexperienced (in)
ignavus, ignava, ignavum
cowardly, lazy
ignis, ignis
masculine - third declension
fire
ignoro, ignorare, ignoravi, ignoratus
do not know, be ignorant, misunderstand
ignotus, ignota, ignotum
unknown
illatus
having been inflicted, brought to, caused, carried against
ille, illa, illud
that; he, she, it; the former
illic
there
illinc
from there
illus
(to) there, to that place
immotus, immota, immotum
unmoved, immovable
impedio, impedire, impedivi, impeditus
delay, hinder, prevent, hamper
imperator, imperatoris
masculine - third declension
emperor; general, leader
imperium, imperii
neuter - second declension
command, power; empire
impero, imperare, imperavi, imperatus
+dative
order, command
impetus, impetus
masculine - fourth declension
attack, impulse
imus, ima, imum
lowest, lowest pat of
in +ablative
in, on
in +accusative
into, onto, towards, against
in dubio
in doubt
incendium, incendii
neuter - second declension
fire
incendo, incendere, incendi, incensus
set on fire, burn, inflame, rouse
inceptum, incepti
neuter - second declension
beginning, plan
incipio, incipere, incepi, inceptus
begin
incito, incitare, incitavi, incitatus
urge on, arouse, encourage
incola, incolae
masculine/feminine - first declension
inhabitant
inde
from there, thereupon, next
ineo
I go into, enter
infelix, (genitive) infelicis
unhappy, unlucky
infero, inferre
inflict, bring to, cause, carry against
infra
+accusative
below, beneath
ingenium, ingenii
neuter - second declension
character, ability
ingens, ingentis
huge
ingredior, ingredi, ingressus sum
enter, undertake
ini(v)i
I went into, entered
inicio, inicere, inieci, inectus
throw in
inimicus, inimici
masculine - second declension
(personal) enemy
iniquus, iniqua, iniquum
unfair, unjust, unfavourable
inire
to go into, enter
initium, initii
neuter - second declension
beginning
initus
having been gone into, entered
iniuria, iniuriae
feminine - first declension
injustice, injury, wrong
inlatus
having been inflicted, brought to, caused, carried against
inopia, inopiae
feminine - first declension
shortage, lack, poverty
inquam, inquit, inquiunt
say
insidiae, insidiarum
feminine plural - first declension
ambush, trap, trick
insigne, insignis
distinguished, glorious
inspicio, inspicere, inspexi, inspectus
look at, inspect, examine
instruo, instruere, instruxi, instructus
draw up, prepare, equip, supply
insula, insulae
feminine - first declension
island, block (of apartments)
intellego, intellegere, intellexi, intellectus
understand, perceive, realise
intentus, intenta, intentum
attentive, intent, eager
inter
+accusative
among, between
interea, interim
meanwhile, in the meantime
interficio, interficere, interfeci, interfectus
kill
intra
+accusative / adverb
enter
intra
+accusative
inside, within
intro, intrare, intravi, intratus
enter
intuli
I inflicted, brought to, caused, carried against
intus
inside, within
invado, invadere
+in+accusative
invade
invasi
+in+accusative
I invaded
invasus
+in+accusative
having been invaded
invenio, invenire, inveni, inventus
find, discover
invidia, invidiae
feminine - first declension
envy, jealousy
invito, invitare, invitavi, invitatus
invite
invitus, invita, invitum
unwilling, reluctant
ipse, ispa, ipsum
-self
ira, irae
feminine - first declension
anger
iratus, irata, iratum
angry
irrumpo, irrumpere
burst in
irrupi
I burst in
irruptus
having been burst in
is, ea, id
this, that, he, she, it
iste, ista, istud
that (derogatory)
ita
in this way, so, thus
ita vero
yes
Italia, Italiae
feminine - first declension
Italy
itaque
and so, therefore
iter, itineris
neuter - third declension
journey, march, way
iterum
again
iubeo, iubere
order, command
iudex, iudicis
masculine and feminine - third declension
judge, juror
iunctus
having been joined, united, fastened
iungo, iungere
join, unite, fasten
iunxi
I joined, united, fastened
Iuppiter, Iovis
masculine - third declension
Jupiter
iuro, iurare, iuravi, iuratus
swear (an oath)
ius, iuris
neuter - third declension
law, right, authority
iussi
I ordered, commanded
iussus
having been ordered, commanded
iustus, iusta, iustum
right, just, lawful, complete
iutus
having been helped, pleased
iuvenis
young
iuvenis, iunvenis
masculine - second declension
young man
iuvo, iuvare, iuvi
help, please
Kalendae, Kalendarum
feminine plural - first declension
Kalends (first day of the month)
labi
to glide, slip, fall
labor (verb)
I glide, slip, fall
labor, laboris
masculine - third declension
work, toil, trouble
laboro, laborare, laboravi
work, toil, be in difficulty
lacrima, lacrimae
feminine - first declension
tear
lacrimo, lacrimare, lacrimavi, lacrimatus
cry, weep
laedo, laedere
hurt, injure, harm
laesi, laesus
hurt, injure, harm
laetus, laeta, laetum
happy, glad
lapsus sum
I glid, slipped, fell
lateo, latere, latui
lie hidden, escape notice
latro, latronis
masculine - third declension
robber bandit
latus
having been bore, carried, brought, said
latus, lata, latum
wide, broad
latus, lateris
neuter - third declension
side, wing
laus, laudis
feminine - third declension
praise, honour, credit
lectus
having been read, chosen
lectus, lecti
masculine - second declension
couch, bed
legatus, legati
(legionary) commander, ambassador, envoy
legio, legionis
feminine - third declension
legion
lego, legere, legi
read, choose
lente
slowly
lentus, lenta, lentum
slow
leo, leonis
masculine - third declension
lion
levis, leve
light, slight, trivial
lex, legis
feminine - third declension
law
libens, libentis
willing, glad
liber, libera, liberum
free
liber, liberis
masculine - third declension
book
liberi, liberorum
masculine plural - second declension
children
libero, liberare, liberavi, liberatus
set free
libertas, libertatis
feminine - third declension
freedom
libertus, liberti
freedman, ex-slave
licet, licere
+dative
it is allowed
licuit
+dative
it was allowed
lingua, linguae
feminine - first declension
tongue, speech, language
littera, litterae
feminine - first declension (usually plural with singular meaning)
letter
litus, litoris
neuter - third declension
sea-shore, beach
locus, loci
masculine - second declension
place, position, situation, opportunity
longus, longa, longum
long
loquor, loqui, locutus sum
speak, talk
ludo, ludere
play
ludus, ludi
masculine - second declension
game, school
luna, lunae
feminine - first declension
moon
lusi
I played
lusus
having been played
lux, lucis
feminine - third declension
light, daylight
magis
more, rather
magister, magistri
masculine - second declension
teacher, master
magistratus, magistratus
masculine - fourth declension
magistrate
magnopere
very much, greatly
magnus, magna, magnum
large, big, great
maior, (neuter) maius
bigger
malo, malle, malui
prefer
malus, mala, malum
bad, evil
mando, mandare, mandavi, mandatus
commit, entrust, command
mane
in the morning, early
maneo, manere
remain, stay
mansi
I remained, stayed
manus, manus
feminine - fourth declension
hand, band
mare, maris
neuter - third declension
sea
maritus, mariti
masculine - second declension
husband
mater, matris
feminine - third declension
mother
matrimonium, matrimonii
neu - sd
marriage
maxime
very greaty
me recipio
retreat, withdraw
medius, media, medium
middle (of)
mei
of me, my
melior, melius
better
memini
\+genitive I remember (perfect with present meaning)
meminisse
\+genitive to remember (perfect with present meaning)
mens, mentis
feminine - third declension
mind
mensa, mensae
feminine - first declension
table
mensis, mensis
masculine - third declension
month
mercator, mercatoris
masculine - third declension
merchant
semel
once
metuo, metuere, metui
fear, be afraid
metus, metus
masculine - fourth declension
fear
meus, mea, meum
my
miles, militis
masculine - third declension
soldier
militia, militiae
feminine - first declension
military service
mille passus (pl milia passuum)
mile
minari, minatus sum
+dative
threaten
minime
no; least, very little
minimus, minima, minimum
smallest, very small
minor
+dative
I threaten
minor, minus
smaller
mirabilis, mirabile
strange, wonderful
mirari, miratus sum
wonder at, admire
miror
I wonder at, admire
misceo, miscere, miscui
mix, blend, confuse
miser, misera, miserum
miserable, wretched, sad
misi, missus
send, throw, let go
mitto, mittere
send, throw, let go
mixtum
having been mixed, blended, confused
modo
just now, only
modus, modi
masculine - second declension
manner, way, kind
moenia, moenium
neuter plural - third declension
city walls, city
moneo, monere, monui, monitus
warn, advise, teach
mons, montis
masculine - third declension
mountain
monstro, monstrare, monstravi, monstratus
show, point out, indicate, instruct
mora, morae
feminine - first declension
delay
morari, moratus sum
delay, linger
morbus, morbi
masculine - second declension
sickness, disease
morior, mori, mortuus sum
die
moror
I delay, linger
mors, mortis
feminine - third declension
death
mos, moris
masculine - third declension
habit, custom, (pl) character, moral
motus
having been moved
moveo, movere, movi
move
mox
soon
mulier, mulieris
feminine - third declension
woman
multitudo, mutitudinis
feminine - third declension
crowd, multitude
multus, multa, multum
much, many
munio, munire, munivi, munitus
fortify, defend, guard
munus, muneris
neuter - third declension
service, duty, present
murus, muri
masculine - second declension
wall, rampart
muto, mutare, mutavi, mutatus
change, alter
nam
for
narro, narrare, narravi, narratus
tell, relate
nascor, nasci, natus sum
be born
natura, naturae
feminine - first declension
nature
nauta, nautae
masculine - first declension
sailor
navem solvo
set sail
navigo, navigare, navigavi
sail
navis longa
feminine - third declension
warship
navis oneraria
feminine - third declension
merchant ship
navis, navis
feminine - third declension
ship
ne
lest, that not
ne … quidem
not … even
nec, neque
and not, nor, neither
necesse
necessary
neco, necare, necavi, necatus
kill
neglego, neglegere, neglexi, neglectus
neglect, disregard
nego, negare, negavi, negatus
say no, deny, refuse, say that…not
negotium, negotii
neuter - second declension
business
nemo
no one, nobody
nescio, nescire, nescivi
not know
nisi
unless, if not, except
nobilis, nobile
noble, famous
noceo, nocere, nocui
+dative
hurt, harm
noctu
by night
nolo, nolle, nolui
not want, be unwilling, refuse
nomen, nominis
neuter - third declension
name
non
not
non iam
no longer
nondum
not yet
nonne?
surely?
nonnulli, nonnullae, nonnulla
some, several
nos, nostrum/nostri
we, us
noster, nostra, nostrum
our
notus, nota, notum
known, well-known, famous
novi, notus
(perfect with present meaning)
know
novme
nine
novus, nova, novum
new, fresh, recent
nox, noctis
feminine - third declension
night
nullius
(genitive of nemo)
of no one, of nobody
nullus, nulla, nullum
no, none, not any
num
surely…not, whether
numerus, numeri
masculine - second declension
number
numquam
never
nunc
now
nuntio, nuntiare, nuntiavi, nuntiatus
announce, report
nuntius, nuntii
masculine - second declension
messenger, message, news
nuper
recently
nusquam
nowhere
ob
+accusative
because of, on account of
oblatus
having been presented, offered
oblitus sum
I forgot
obliviscor, oblivisci
forget
obses, obsidis
masculine and feminine - third declension
hostage
obsessus
having been besieged, blockaded
obsideo, obsidere, obsedi
besiege, blockade
obtuli
I presented, offered
obviam eo
+dative
(go to) meet, oppose, resist
obviam eo, ire, i(v)i
+dative
meet, go to meet, oppose, resist
occasio, occasionis
feminine - third declension
opportunity, occasion
occido, occidere, occidi, occisus
kill
occupo, occupare, occupavo, occupatus
sieze, take possession of, occupy
octo
eight
oculus, oculi
masculine - second declension
eye
odi, odisse
(perfect with present meaning)
hate
odio est
+dative
be hated by
odium, odii
neuter - second declension
hatred
offero, offere
present, offer
officium, officii
neuter -second declension
duty, task, function
olim
once, formerly, one day
omisi, omissus
neglect, disregard, make no mention of
omitto, omittere
neglect, disregard, make no mention of
omnino
altogether, at all, entirely
omnis, omne
all, every
onus, oneris
neuter - third declension
burden, load
opera, operae
feminine - first declension
work, effort, attention, trouble
operam do
I take pains, give attention (to)
oportet, oportere, oportuit
be necessary, ought, must
oppidum, oppidi
neuter - second declension
town
opportunus, opportuna, opportunum
suitable, opportune
oppressi, oppressus
overwhelm, crush, weigh down
opprimo, opprimere
overwhelm, crush, weigh down
oppugno, oppugnare, oppugnavi, oppugnatus
attack
ops, opis
feminine - third declension
help, (pl) resources, riches
opus est, esse, fuit
+ablative
there is need of
opus, operis
neuter - third declension
work, toil, construction
ora, orae
feminine - first declension
coast
oratio, orationis
feminine - third declension
speech
ordo, ordinis
ma - third declension
rank, order, line
orior, oriri
rise, start, originate
orno, ornare, ornavi, ornatus
adorn, decorate, provide, equip
oro, orare, oravi, oratus
beg
ortus sum
I rose, started, originated
os, oris
neuter - third declension
mouth, face
ostendo, ostendere, ostendi, ostentus
show, point out, indicate
otium, otii
neuter - second declension
leisure, idleness, peace
paene
almost, nearly
palam
openly
panis, panis
masculine - third declension
bread
par, paris
equal
parco, parcere
+dative
spare
parens, parentis
masculine and feminine - third declension
parent, (pl) relations
pareo, parere, parui
+dative
obey
pario, parere
bear (a child), win, acquire, gain, secure
paro, parare, paravi, paratus
prepare, provide
pars, partis
feminine - third declension
part, some, direction
partus
having been born (a child), won, acquired, gained, secured
parvus, parva, parvum
small
passim
in all directions, far and wide, everywhere
passus, passus
masculine - fourth declension
pace
pastor, pastoris
masculine - third declension
shepherd
pateo, patere, patui
lie open, be clear
pater, patris
masculine - third declension
father
patior, pati, passus sum
suffer, endure, allow
patria, patriae
feminine - first declension
homeland, native land
patrius, patria, patrium
of a father, hereditary, ancestral
patronus, patroni
masculine - second declension
patron, protector
pauci, paucae, pauca
few, a few
paulatim
gradually, little by little
paulisper
for a short time
paulum, paulo
a little, somewhat
pauper, pauperis
poor
pavor, pavoris
masculine - third declension
panic, alarm, dread
pax, pacis
feminine - third declension
peace
pectus, pectoris
neuter - third declension
chest, breast, heart, spirit
pecunia, pecuniae
feminine - first declension
money
pedem/me refero
retreat
pedes, peditis
masculine - third declension
infantry
peior, peius
worse
pello, pellere
push, drive, rout
peperci
+dative
I spared
peperi
I bore (a child), won, acquired, gained, secured
pepuli
I pushed, drove, routed
per
+accusative
through, throughout, along
perdo, perdere, perdidi, perditus
destroy, lose
pereo, perire, perii
die, perish, be ruined
perficio, perficere, perfeci, perfectus
bring about, complete, perfect
perfida, perfidiae
feminine - first declension
treachery, faithlessness
perfidus, perfida, perfidum
treacherous, faithless, deceitful
periculum, periculi
neuter - second declension
danger
peritus, perita, peritum
+genitive/ablative
skilled (in)
permisi, permissus
hand over, entrust, permit, allow
permitto, permittere
hand over, entrust, permit, allow
persuadeo, persuadere, persuasi
+dative
persuade, convince
perterritus, perterrita, perterritum
very frightened, terrified
pervenio, pervenire, pervenni
reach, arrive
pes, pedis
masculine - third declension
foot
pessimus, pessima, pessimum
worst, very bad
peto, petere, petivi, petitus
seek, ask for, make for, attack
pietas, pietatis
feminine - third declension
piety, dutifulness
pilum, pili
neuter - second declension
javelin
piu, spia, pium
pious, devout dutiful
placet, placere, placuit
+dative
it pleases, suits, it is resolved
plebs, plebis
feminine - third declension
the people, common people
plenus, plena, plenum
full, filled
plerique, pleraeque, pleraque
most, the majority
plures, plura
more (plural adjective)
plus
(noun) +genitive more
poculum, poculi
neuter - second declension
wine cup, drinking vessel
poena, poenae
feminine - first declension
punishment, penalty
poenas do
pay the penalty, be punished
poeta, poetae
macusline - first declension
poet
polliceor, pollicere, pollicitus sum
promise
pondus, ponderis
neuter - third declension
weight, burden
pono, ponere
put, place, set up (camp), put aside
pons, pontis
masculine - third declension
bridge
poposci
I demanded, asked for
populus, populi
masculine - second declension
people, nation
porro
further, forwards, moreover
porta, portae
feminine - first declension
gate
porto, portare, portavi, portatus
carry, bear, take
portus, portus
masculine - fourth declension
harbour, port
posco, poscere
demand, ask for
possedi
I possessed, occupied, controlled
possessus
having been possessed, occupied, controlled
possideo, possidere
possess, occupy, control
possum, posse
can, be able
post
afterwards, next
post +accusative
behind, after
postquam
after, when
postremus, postrema, postremum
last
postridie
on the next day
postulo, postulare, postulavi, postulatus
demand, ask
potui
I could, was able
posui, positus
put, place, set up (camp), put aside
potens, potentis
powerful
potestas, potestatis
feminine - third declension
power, authority, opportunity
potior, potiri
+genitive/ablative
seize, get possession of
potitus sum
+genitive/ablative
I seized, got possession of
potius
rather, more
prae
+ablative
in front of, before
praebeo, praebere, praebui, praebitus
provide, give, show, offer
praeceps, (genitive) praecipitis
headlong, sheer
praeda, praedae
feminine - first declension
booty, plunder
praeficio, praeficere, praefeci, praefectus
put in charge (of)
praemium, praemii
neuter - second declension
prize, reward
praesidium, praesidii
neuter - second declension
protection, garrison, fortification
praesum, praeesse, praefui
+dative
be in charge of
praeter
+accusative
beyond, except, besides
praeterea
besides, moreover, in addition
praetor, praetoris
masculine - third declension
praetor
precor, precari, precatus sum
pray, pray to, beg
pretium, pretii
nau - second declension
price, value
primo
at first
primum
at first
primus, prima, primum
first, chief
princeps, principis
masculine - third declension
emperor, chief, chieftain
prior, prioris
previous, former
prius
before, previously
priusquam
before, until
privatus, privata, privatum
private, personal, individual
pro
+ablative
in front of, for, on behalf of, in return for
probo, probare, probavi, probatus
approve (of); prove, demonstrate
procedo, procedere
advance, proceed
processi
I advanced, proceeded
procidi
I fell, fell forwards, fell down
procido, procidere
fall, fall forwards, fall down
procul
far away, distant
prodidi, proditus
betray, surrender
prodo, prodere
betray, surrender
proelium, proelii
neuter - second declension
battle
profectus sum
I set out, departed
proficiscor, proficisci
set out, depart
progredior, progredi
advance, proceed
progressus sum
I advanced, proceeded
prohibeo, prohibere, prohibui, prohibitus
prevent, restrain, keep off
promisi, promissus
promise
promitto, promittere
promise
prope
+accusative
near
propter
+accusative
on account of, because of
provincia, proviniciae
feminine - first declension
province
proximus, proxima, proximum
nearest, next, last
prudens, (genitive) prudentis
intelligent, prudent, foreseeing
publicus, publica, publicum
public, common
pudor, pudoris
masculine - third declension
shame, modesty, honour, disgrace
puella, puellae
feminine - first declension
girl
puer, pueri
masculine - second declension
boy
pugna, pugnae
feminine - first declension
fight, battle
pugno, pugnare, pugnavi
fight
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum
beautiful, handsome, fine
pulsus
having been pushed, driven, routed
punio, punire, punivi, punitus
punish
puto, putare, putavi, putatus
think, consider, reckon
quando?
when?
quaero, quaere
search for, ask for, ask, inquire
quaesivi, quaesitus
search for, ask for, ask, inquire
qualis? quale?
what sort of?
quam
how, than, as
quam +superlative
as … as possible
quamquam
although
quamvis
+subjunctive
although
quantus? quanta? quantum?
how big? how much?
quare?
how? why?
quartus, quarta, quartum
fourth
quasi
as if, just as, nearly
quattuor
four
queror, queri
complain
questus sum
I complained
qui, quae, quod
who, which, that
quia
because
quicumque, quaecumque, quodcumque
whoever, whatever
quid?
why?
quidam, quaedam, quoddam
one, a certain, some
quidem
indeed, in fact, however
quies, quietis
feminine - third declension
rest, peace, quiet
quin
but that, that … not, without
quinque
five
quis? qui?
who? what? any
quisquam, quicquam
whoever, whatever
quo?
where to?
quoad
as long as, until
quod
because, (as to) the fact that
quod si
but if
quominus
so that … not, so as to prevent
quomodo?
how? in what way?
quondam
one day, once
quoniam
since
quoque
also, too
quot?
how many?
quotiens?
how often? as often as
rapio, rapere, rapui, raptus
seize, grab, carry off, plunder
rarus, rara, rarum
thin, rare, scattered
ratio, rationis
feminine - third declension
account, reckoning, manner, reason
ratus sum
I thought back
recens, recentis
recent, fresh
recipio, recipere, recepi, receptus
regain, receive, welcome
recito, recitare, recitatus
recite, read aloud
rectus, recta, rectum
straight, direct, right, proper
recuso, recusare, recusavi, recusatus
refuse, reject
reddo, reddere, reddidi, redditus
give back, restore, hand over, make
redeo, redire, redii
return, go back, come back
reduco, reducere
lead back
reductus
having been led back
reduxi
I led back
refero, referre
bring back, report, refer
reficio, reficere, refeci, refectus
repair, restore, refresh
regina, reginae
feminine - first declension
queen
regio, regionis
feminine - third declension
region, district
regius, regia, regium
royal, kingly, regal
regnum, regni
neuter - second declension
kingdom, reign, rule
rego, regere, rexi, rectus
rule, direct
regredior, regredi
go back, return
regressus sum
I went back, returned
relatus
having been brought back, reported, referred
relinquo, relinquere, reliqui, relictus
leave, leave behind, abandon
reliquus, reliqua, reliquum
the rest of, the other
reor
I think
repello, repellere
drive back
repente
suddenly
reperio, reperire, repperi, repertus
find, find out; get, obtain; discover; devise, invent
repetitus
having been gone back to, recalled, attacked again
repetivi
I went back to, recalled, attacked again
repeto, repetere
go back to, recall, attack again
reppuli
I drove back
repulsus
having been driven back
rere
to think back
res adversae
feminine plural - first declension
misfortune
res publica, rei publicae
feminine
state, republic
resisto, resistere, restiti
+dative
resist, oppose
respectus
having been looked back; having been considered
respexi
I looked back; I considered
respicio, respicere
look back; consider
respondeo, respondere, respondi, responsus
answer, reply
respondum, responsi
neuter - second declension
answer, reply
restituo, restituere, restitui, restitutus
restore, give back
retineo, retinere, retinui, retentus
hold back, restrain, keep
rettuli
I brought back, reported, referred
rex, regis
masculine - third declension
king
rideo, ridere
laugh, smile
ripa, ripae
feminine - first declension
bank
risi
I laughed, smiled
risus
having been laughed, smiled
rogo, rogare, rogavi, rogatus
ask, ask for
Romani, Romanorum
(the) Romans
rota, rotae
feminine - first declension
wheel
res, rei
feminine - fifth declension
thing, affair, matter, business
ruere
to rush, sweep headlong, collapse
rui
I rushed, swept headlong, collapsed
ruina, ruinae
feminine - first declension
falling down, ruin, disaster
rumpo, rumpere
break, burst, break through
ruo
I rush, sweep headlong, collapse
rupi
I broke, burst, broke through
ruptus
having been broken, burst, broken through
rus, ruris
neuter - third declension
country, countryside
rursus
back, again
sacer, sacra, sacrum
sacred, holy
sacerdos, sacerdotis
masculine and feminine - third declension
priest, priestess
sacrificium, sacrificii
sacrifice
saepe
often
saevus, saeva, saevum
savage, cruel
sagitta, sagittae
feminine - first declension
arrow
saluto, salutare, salutavi, salutatus
greet, salute
salve!
hello!
sanguis, sanguinis
masculine - third declension
blood
sanus, sana, sanum
healthy, sane
sapiens, sapientis
wise, sensible
sapientia, sapientiae
wisdom, good sense
satis
enough
saxum, saxi
neuter - second declension
rock
scelestus, scelesta, scelestum
wicked
scelus, sceleris
neuter - third declension
crime, wickedness
scio, scire, scivi, scitus
know
scribo, scribere
write
scripsi, scriptus
write
scutum, scuti
neuter - second declension
shield
se, sui
himself, herself, itself, themselves
secundus, secunda, secundum
following, next, second, favourable
secutus sum
I followed, pursued, attended
sed
but
sedeo, sedere
sit
sedes, sedis
feminine - third declension
seat, temple, home
sedi
I sat
senator, senatoris
masculine - third declension
senator
senatus, senatus
masculine - fourth declension
senate
senex, senis
masculine - third declension
old man
sentio, sentire, sensi, sensus
feel, notice, hear, judge
sepelio, sepelire, sepelivi
bury
septem
seven
sepultus
having been buried
sequor, sequi
follow, pursue, attend
servio, servire, servi(v)i, servitus
(to, +dative)
be a slave, be subject
servo, servare, servavi, servatus
save, protect, keep
servus, servi
masculine - second declension
slave
sessus
having been sat
setentia, setentiae
feminine - first declension
opinion, judgement, sentence
seu
or if, whether
severus, severa, severum
strict, severe, forbidding
sex
six
si
if
sic
thus, in this way
sicut
just as, like, as, as if
signa inferre
to attack, charge
signum, signi
neuter - second declension
sign, signal, standard
silentium, silentii
neuter - second declension
silence
silva, silvae
feminine - first declension
wood, forest
similis, simile
similar, like
simul
at the same time, together
simulac, simulatque
as soon as
sine
+ablative
without
sinister, sinistra, sinistrum
left, on the left, unfavourable
sinistra, sinistrae
feminine - first declension
left hand, left side
sino, sinere, sivi, situs
allow, permit
sitis, sitis
feminine - third declension
thirst
sive
or if, whether
socius, socii
masculine - second declension
ally, comrade, companion
sol, solis
masculine - third declension
sun, sunlight
soleo, solere
be accustomed
solitus sum
I was accustomed
solum
only
solus, sola, solum
only, alone, lonely, single
solutus
having been loosened, payed
solvo, solvere, solvi
loose, pay
somnium, somnii
neuter - second declension
dream
somnus, somni
masculine - second declension
sleep
sonitus
having been sounded, made a noise, uttered, cried out
sonitus, sonitus
masculine - fourth declension
sound
sono, sonare
sound, make a noise, utter, cry out
sonui
I sounded, made a noise, uttered, cried out
sonus, soni
masculine - second declension
noise, sound
soror, sororis
feminine - third declension
sister
spatium, spatii
neuter - second declension
interval, space, distance
specto, spectare, spectavi, spectatus
look at, watch
sperno, spernere
despise, reject, scorn
spero, sperare, speravi, speratus
hope, expect
spes, spei
feminine - fifth declension
hope
spolium, spolii
neuter - second declension
booty, spoil(s)
spretus
having been despised, rejected, scorned
sprevi
I despised, rejected, scorned
stare
to stand, stand firm
statim
at once, immediately
statio, stationis
feminine - third declension
guard, guard-post, station
statuo, statuere, statui, statutus
fix, determine, decide, arrange
steti
I stood, stood firm
sto
I stand, stand firm
strepitus, strepitus
masculine - fourth declension
noise, uproar, commotion
studium, studii
neuter - second declension
eagerness, study, devotion
stultus, stulta, stultum
stupid, foolish
suavis, suave
sweet, pleasant
sub +ablative
under, beneath
sub +accusative
up to
subito
suddenly
sublatus
having been raised, lifted up, removed, destroyed
sum
be
summus, summa, summum
highest, greatest, top (of)
sumo, sumere
take, take up
sumpsi, sumptus
take, take up
super +ablative
over, concerning, in addition to
super +accusative
above, on top of, besides
superbus, superba, superbum
proud, arrogant
superior, superius
higher, upper; earlier, previous
supero, superare, superavi, superatus
overcome, overpower
supersum, superesse, superfui
be left, remain, survive
superus, supera, superum
upper, higher
supremus, suprema, supremum
highest, last, final, supreme
surgo, surgere
get up, stand up, rise
surrexi
I got up, stood up, rose
suscipio, suscipere, suscepi, susceptus
take up, undertake, begin, bear
suspicor, suspicari, suspicatus sum
mistrust, suspect
sustuli
I raised, lifted up, removed, destroyed
suus, sua, suum
his (won), her (own), its (own), their (own)
taberna, tabernae
feminine - first declension
inn, shop
taceo, tacere, tacui, tacitus
be silent, keep quiet
tacitus, tacita, tacitum
quiet, silent, in silence
tactus
having been touched
talis, tale
such
tam
so
tamen
however, nevertheless, yet
tamquam
just as, like, as, as if
tandem
at last, finally
tango, tangere
touch
tantum
only
tantus, tanta, tantum
so great, such a great, so much
tectum, tecti
neuter - second declension
roof, house
tectus
having been covered, protected, hidden
tego, tegere
cover, protect, hide
telum, teli
neuter - second declension
weapon, javelin, missile
tempestas, tempestatis
feminine - third declension
weather, storm, time
templum, templi
neuter - second declension
temple
tempto, temptare, temptavi, temptatus
try, attempt, try out
tempus, temporis
neuter - third declension
time
teneo, tenere, tenui, tentus
hold, keep, maintain
terga verto
retreat
tergum, tergi
neuter - second declension
back, rear
terra, terrae
feminine - first declension
ground, land, earth
terreo, terrere, terrui, territus
frighten
terror, terroris
masculine - third declension
terror, panic
tertius, tertia, tertium
third
testis, testis
masculine - third declension
witness
tetigi
I touched
texi
I covered, protected, hid
theatrum, theatri
neuter - second declension
theatre
timeo, timere, timui
fear, be afraid
timidus, timida, timidum
fearful, afraid
timor, timoris
masculine - third declension
fear, anxiety
toga, togae
feminine - first declension
toga
tollo, tollere
raise, lift up, remove, destroy
tot
so many
totiens
so often, so many times
totus, tota, totum
the whole, entire, all
tractus
having been pulled, dragged, drawn
trado, tradere, tradidi, traditus
hand over, entrust, hand down, surrender
traho, trahere
pull, drag, draw
trans
+accusative
across, over
traxi
I pulled, dragged, drew
tres
three
tristis, triste
sad, gloomy, grim
tu, tui
you (singular)
tuli
I bore, carried, brought, said
tum
then, next
tumultus, tumultus
masculine - fourth declension
uproar, disturbance, civil war
tunc
then, at that time, next
turba, turbae
feminine - first declension
crowd, mob, disturbance, multitude
turris, turris
feminine - third declension
tower
tutus, tuta, tutum
safe
tuus, tua, tuum
your (singular)
ubi
where? where, when
ubique
everywhere
ullus, ulla, ullum
any
ultimus, ultima, ultimum
furthest, last, utmost
umbra, umbrae
feminine - first declension
shade, shadow, ghost
umquam
ever
una
together
unda, undae
feminine - first declension
wave
unde
from where, whence
undique
from all sides, on all sides
unus
one
urbs, urbis
feminine - third declension
city, town, Rome
usquam
anywhere
usque
all the way, right up to, continuously
usui est
it is useful
usus, usus
masculine - fourth declension
use, experience, practice
ut +indicative
as, where, when, how
ut +subjunctive
that, so that, to
uter? utra? utrum?
which (of two)?
uterque, utraque, utrumque
each (of two), both
utilis, utile
useful
utinam
if only! I wish that!
utor, uti, usus sum
+ablative
use, enjoy
utrum
whether
utrum…an
whether…or
uxor, uxoris
feminine - third declension
wife
valeo, valere, valui
be strong, have influence
validus, valida, validum
strong, powerful
vallum, valli
rampart, wall, fortification
vehementer
violently, loudly, strongly
veho, vehere, vexi, vectus
carry, bear, convey
vel
or, either
velut
just as, like, as if
vendidi
I sold
venditus
having been sold
vendo, vendere
sell
venio, venire, veni
come
ventus, venti
masculine - second declension
wind
verbum, verbi
neuter - second declension
word
vereor, vereri, veritus sum
fear, be afraid
vero
indeed, in fact, however
verto, vertere, verti, versus
turn
verus, vera, verum
true, real
vesper, vesperis/vesperi
masculine - second/third declension
evening
vester, vestra, vestrum
your (plural)
vestigium, vestigii
neuter - second declension
footprint, track, trace
vestis, vestis
feminine - third declension
clothes
veto, vetare, vetui, vetitus
forbid, order…not
vetus, veteris
old
via, viae
feminine - first declension
street, road, way, path
victor, victoris
masculine - third declension
conqueror, victor
victoria, victoriae
feminine - first declension
victory
video, videre, vidi, visus
see
videor, videri, visus sum
seem, appear, be seen
villa, villae
feminine - first declension
country-house, estate, farm
vinc(u)lum, vinc(u)li
neuter - second declension
chain, fastening, rope
vincio, vincire
bind, fasten
vinco, vincere, vici, victus
conquer, defeat, win, be victorious
vinctus
having been bound, fastened
vinum, vini
neuter - second declension
wine
vinxi
I bound, fastened
vir, viri
masculine - second declension
man, husband
virtus, virtutis
feminine - third declension
courage, virtue
vis, (pl) vires
feminine - irregular
force, violence; (pl) strength, forces
vita, vitae
feminine - first declension
life
vitium, vitii
neuter - second declension
fault, failing, vice
vito, vitare, vitavi, vitatus
avoid
vivo, viva, vivum
alive, living
vivo, vivere
live, be alive; (+ablative) live on
vix
hardly, scarcely, with difficulty
vixi
I lived, was alive; (+ablative) lived on
voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatus
call, summon, invite, name
volo, velle, volui
want, wish, be willing, intend
volutus
having been turned, rolled; having been considered
volvi
I turned, rolled; I considered
volvo, volvere
turn, roll; consider
vos, vestrum/vestri
you (plural)
vox, vocis
feminine - third declension
voice, shout, word
vulnus, vulneris
neuter - third declension
wound, injury
vultus, vultus
masculine - fourth declension
face, expression
vulnero, vulnere, vulneravi, vulneratus
wound, injure