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Pharmacology > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

substance produced when acetylcholine broken down

A

acetic acid

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2
Q

enzyme destroys acetylcholine; inactivates effect

A

acetycholinesterase

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3
Q

lower part of spine btwn lowest pair of ribs and pelvis; made up of 5 vertebrae

A

lumbar

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4
Q

center portion of adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine

A

adrenal medulla

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5
Q

nerves that are connected to tissue

A

innervations

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6
Q

coming back to the center, for example, nerves from the periphery to cns

A

afferent

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7
Q

over activity of the thyroid gland, causing nervousness, weight loss, hair changes

A

hyperthyroidism

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8
Q

the atria beat rapidly and inconsistently; irregular heartbeat

A

atrial fibrillation

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9
Q

elevated body temp

A

hyperthermia

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10
Q

disorder present in children and adults, characterized by learning and behavior probs, inability to pay attention, and sometimes hyperactivity

A

attention deficit disorder (ADD)

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11
Q

elevated body temp; side effect of aspirin overdose

A

hyperpyrexia

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12
Q

drug increases diameter of the bronchioles, improves breathing and relives muscle contraction or buildup of mucus

A

bronchodilators

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13
Q

rate at which heart pumps blood; units= heartbeats per minute

A

heart rate

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14
Q

cessation of heart beat; results from a heart attack, respiratory arrest, electrical shock, drug overdose, or a severe allergic reaction

A

cardiac arrest

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15
Q

perception that occurs when there is actually nothing there to cause it (e.g. hearing voices when none exist)

A

hallucinations

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16
Q

stimulated, activated, or transmitted by choline

A

cholinergic (parasympathomimetic)

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17
Q

breaking down of glycogen

A

glycogenolysis

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18
Q

spasm of accommodation

A

cyclyplegia

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19
Q

transient erythema

A

plushing

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20
Q

change in polarity (e.g., positive to negative)

A

depolarization

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21
Q

effects that occur when sympathetic autonomic nervous system is stimulated

A

fight or flight

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22
Q

acts by stimulation of the receptor

A

direct acting

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23
Q

w/ high doses of epinephrine, the alpha-effect predominates and leads to an increase in bp and a reflex decrease in heart rate (similar to norepinephrine); when the dose is lower, beta-effects predominate (alpha receptors are less sensitive) beta1 increases heart rate, beta 2 produces vasodilation and reflex tachycardia

A

epinephrine reversal

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24
Q

conveying or conducting away from an organ or part

A

efferent

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25
Q

hormone produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress, exercise, or fear; increases heart rate and opens airways to improve breathing; also called adrenaline

A

epinephrine

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26
Q

changes in diameter of blood vessel caused by the heart beat; synonymous w/ the heart rate

A

pulse

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27
Q

acute rise in body temp, muscle rigidity; caused by change in body’s muscle metabolism; can be fatal

A

malignant hyperthermia

28
Q

Mental disorder in which a serious inability to think perceive and judge clearly causes loss of touch with reality

A

Psychosis

29
Q

The soft center part of an organ or body structure (eg, meant medulla oblongata [brain], Renal medulla [kidney])

A

Medulla

30
Q

Nerve fibers that precede the ganglia especially in autonomic nervous system

A

Preganglionic fibers

31
Q

Constriction of pupil

A

Miosis

32
Q

Abnormal sensitivity of the eyes to light

A

Photophobia

33
Q

Enzyme that destroys single Amines

A

Momamine oxidase

34
Q

Tumor that secretes epinephrine

A

Pheochromocytoma

35
Q

Slippery fluid produced by mucous membranes that lubricates and protects the internal surfaces of the body

A

Mucus

36
Q

Narrowing of blood vessels in the legs or arms; causing pain and possibly tissue death (gangrene) as a result of a reduced flow of blood to areas supplied by the narrow vessels

A

Peripheral vascular disease

37
Q

Receptors that are activated by muscarine; contained in certain mushrooms; Anticholinergics block this action

A

Muscarinic

38
Q

Opposition to flow of blood through the vessels, varies with vessel diameter; total peripheral resistance

A

Peripheral resistance

39
Q

Disease in which the muscles, mainly those in the face eyes throat and limbs, become weak and tire quickly; caused by the body’s immune system attacking the receptors in the muscles that pick up nerve impulses

A

Myasthenia gravis

40
Q

Lack of brain dopamine; leads to muscle stiffness, weakness, and trembling

A

Parkinson’s disease

41
Q

Dilation of the pupils

A

Mydriasis

42
Q

Llium motility reduced or absent; often caused by general anesthetics

A

Paralytic ileus

43
Q

Frequent and uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep; excessive sleepiness

A

Narcolepsy

44
Q

Inability to move a muscle

A

Paralysis

45
Q

Disease with elevated pressure in Eye because of narrow angle; treated with emergency surgery; 5% of glaucoma cases

A

Narrow angle glaucoma

46
Q

Excessively large dose of a drug; can lead to a coma and death; used to commit suicide

A

Overdose

47
Q

Synapse between the nervous innovations and the somatic (voluntary) muscles

A

Neuromuscular junction

48
Q

Organic compounds that combine with acetylcholinesterase, in activating it, called irreversible cholinesterase inhibitors; used as insecticides and war gases

A

Organophosphate

49
Q

Disease with elevated pressure in eye; treated with ophthalmic drops; 95% of glaucoma cases

A

Open angle glaucoma

50
Q

Reduced saliva (dry mouth)

A

Xerostomia

51
Q

Has effects on cardiac muscle similar to quinidine

A

Quinidine-like

52
Q

Thick

A

Viscous

53
Q

Disease involving constriction of blood vessels of extremities

A

Raynaud’s syndrome

54
Q

Sac containing something; in autonomic nervous system vesicle store neurotransmitters

A

Vesicles

55
Q

Structural protein molecule that binds with specific agents (ligands)

A

Receptor

56
Q

Blood vessels Widen

A

Vasodilation

57
Q

Cord used around tooth to separate tissue from tooth, improves accuracy of impression; may contain epinephrine

A

Retraction cord

58
Q

Blood vessels narrow

A

Vasoconstriction

59
Q

Part of the vertebral column near the pelvis, includes the coccyx

A

Sacral

60
Q

Vagal nerve; parasympathetic autonomic nervous system stimulates Vagus; produces bradycardia

A

Vagus

61
Q

Relating to body or trunk of body

A

Somatic

62
Q

Retained urine in the bladder; associated with prostatic hypertrophy

A

Urinary retention

63
Q

Salivary gland located below the tongue

A

Sublingual gland

64
Q

Increase in heart rate

A

Tachycardia

65
Q

Salivary gland in lower jaw

A

Sub maxillary gland

66
Q

Space between nerve cells or between nerve cells and effector organ (space between)

A

Synaptic cleft

Pharmacology (11 decks)

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