Exam 1 Flashcards
drug that easily penetrates the blood-brain barrier to induce sleep within seconds after IV administration
thiopental
besides the active ingredient, what doe elixirs contain
alcohol
sugars can be found in what type of dosage form
syrup
studies the MOA of drugs and seek how drugs work in body
pharmacodynamics
a ____ is an inert substance given in place of a drug
placebo
do ionize and unionized forms of drugs affect drug absorption?
yes
what makes the membrane relatively impermeable to ions and polar molecules
membrane lipids
these molecules form a bimolecular leaflet structure, list the 2 ends of each structure and briefly define each
hydrophobic: shield from h20
hydrophilic: come in contact w/ h2o
overdose of acetaminophen can result in a major affect on which organ primarily
liver
type of drugs readily moves across most biological membranes
highly lipid soluble
name of common protein that drugs bind to
albumin and globulin
oragan is major site for drug metabolims
liver
oran most important in elimination of drug
kidney
federal regulatory agency department of justice
DEA
higher the potency of a drug the ____ the ED50
lower
schedule of a drug that may be phoned in
III, IV
schedule of drug that allows no refills and written Rx must have providers signature
II
abuse potential for drug with class IV schedule of controlled substances
less
tetracycline staining is considered to be what type of bond
covalent
therapeutic index greater than ___ needed to produce therapeutically useful drug
10
targets of a type I hypersensitivity are
bronchioles
immunoglobulin assoc with type I reaction is
IgE
immunoglobulin assoc with type II reaction
IgM or IgG
very rapid development of tolerance within hours
tachyphylaxis
how many mL in 1 fl oz
30
immunoglobulin assoc with type iii reaction
IgG
immunoglobulin assoc with type IV reaction
T lymphocytes and macrophages
____ delivered drugs must pass through the hepatic portal circulation first. when this happens, what is the term for this
orally
first pass effect
type of TI value would indicate high risk of toxicity
small (narrow) TI
TI value would indicate low risk of toxicity
a large (wide) TI
___tsp=1 tbsp
3
therapeutic index of drug defined as
measure of toxicity of a drug
rout of administration has quickest onset of action
IV
