Vitamins and minerals

Question 1

Define vitamins?

Answer 1

organic molecules which control all chemical functions

Question 2

What are fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 2

Excess is stored in the liver. Can be toxic due to disrupting normal liver function.

Question 3

What are water soluble vitamins?

Answer 3

Excess is excreted in the urine.

Thus cannot be stored and need to be consumed daily.

Question 4

Sources of vitamin A?

Answer 4

Dark green veg, fruit and veg, fish oils, dairy

Question 5

Role of vitamin A?

Answer 5

Growth and repair
Structure of cell membranes
Vision
Antioxidants

Question 6

Deficiency of vitamin a?

Answer 6

Poor vision

Stunted growth

Question 7

Sources of vitamin c?

Answer 7

Fruit and veg

Question 8

Function of vitamin C?

Answer 8

Structure and function of connective tissue
Iron absorption
Antioxidant

Question 9

Vit C deficiency?

Answer 9

Scurvy

Question 10

Vit D sources?

Answer 10

Fish oil, dairy, sunlight

Question 11

Vit D role?

Answer 11

Bone and teeth health

Question 12

Vit D deficiency?

Answer 12

Rickets

Osteromalacia

Question 13

Vit E sources?

Answer 13

Dairy, dark green veg, buts, avocado

Question 14

Vit E function?

Answer 14

Antioxidant

Question 15

Vit E deficiency?

Answer 15

Ageing
Loss of skin elasticity
Wrinkles

Question 16

Vit K sources?

Answer 16

Dark green veg, fish, liver, fruit

Question 17

Vit K function?

Answer 17

Aids blood clotting

Question 18

Vit K deficiency?

Answer 18

Haemorrhages

Question 19

List the macro minerals?

Answer 19

Calcium
Phosphorus
Magnesium
Sulphur
Sodium
Potassium

Question 20

List the micro minerals?

Answer 20

Iron
Zinc
Iodine
Copper
Managanese
Fluoride
Chronium
Selenium
Molybdenum

Question 21

Sodium function?

Answer 21

Water balance

Question 22

Potassium function?

Answer 22

Water and electrolyte balance
Nerve function
CV health

Question 23

Calcium function?

Answer 23

Muscular function and contractions
Hormone secretion
Nerve transmissions
Bone strength

Question 24

Iron function?

Answer 24

02 transportation in red blood cells
Energy extraction from food
(Vitamin C helps to absorb iron)

Question 25

Copper function?

Answer 25

Production of white and red blood cells
Bone strength
Brain function
Immune system

Question 26

Zinc function?

Answer 26

Growth and development of nerves
Blood clotting
Thyroid function

Question 27

How does a high fibre diet impact zinc?

Answer 27

It inhibits absorption

Question 28

Define antioxidants?

Answer 28

ACE vitamins and selenium
It inhibits oxidation
Combat the impact of free radicals
Lower cholesterol
Boost the immune system
Protect against bacteria and viruses

Question 29

Define phytochemical?

Answer 29

Compounds in plants
Pigments and hormones
Combat free radicals

Question 30

Define free radicals?

Answer 30

Damaged o2 molecules
Unstable atomic structure
Attack fats and proteins which make up blood vessels and connective tissue

Question 31

Function of vitamins and minerals?

Answer 31

To control all chemical processes in the body

Question 32

B1 function?

Answer 32

nervous system

Heart function

Question 33

B2 function?

Answer 33

Release energy from food
Metabolism of iron
Structure of mucous membrane

Question 34

B3 function?

Answer 34

Release energy from food
Nervous system function
Function of mucous membrane

Question 35

B6 function?

Answer 35

Maintains normal hormocystine levels

Question 36

B12 function?

Answer 36

Cell division
Makes DNA
Blood formation and function

Question 37

B9 function?

Answer 37

Cell division

Blood cell formation