Vitamins

Question 1

Folic Acid

Answer 1

Use: 1-C transferase- DNA synthesis
Without:
neural tube defects- spina bifida, anencephaly
Macrocytic anaemia

Question 2

Thalamin

Answer 2

Use: methionine synthesis and odd chain FA synthesis
Without: Macrocytic anaemia, irreversible neurologica; damage

Question 3

Vit C

Answer 3

Use: collagen synthesis
without: scurvy

Question 4

Vit D

Answer 4

Use: bones, immune regulation, cell differentiation, muscles
without: rickets and osteomalacia in adults

Question 5

Vit E

Answer 5

Use: antioxidant- prevents lipid oxidation in membranes
Found: when can’t absorb fats
Without: neurological damage

Question 6

Vit K

Answer 6

Use: cofactor blood clotting enzymes
without: bleeding- esp. newborns

Question 7

Thiamin (B1)

Answer 7

Use: cofactor links and Krebs (decarboxylation)
Without: Beri-Beri; muscle weakness, nerve damage, can affect heart

Question 8

Riboflavin (B2)

Answer 8

Use: cofactors, metabolism

Deficiency v. rare- tightly bound

Question 9

Niacin (B3)

Answer 9

Use: cofactors e.g. NADH
Without: pellagra- diarrhoea, depression, dermatitis, death

Question 10

Pantothenic acid (B5)

Answer 10

Use: Coenzyme A- energy and fat metabolism

Question 11

Biotin (B7)

Answer 11

Use:Prosthetic group, carrier CO2

Deficiency V. rare- unless eat raw egg

Question 12

Pyridoxal phosphate (B6)

Answer 12

Use: cofactor protein metabolism, haem and neurotransmitter synthesis
without: irritability, depression and confusion, inflammation of tongue