Vitamins

Question 1

Which vitamins are water soluble?

Answer 1

Vitamin B and C making them not toxic in excess

Question 2

Which vitamins are insoluble?

Answer 2

Vitamins A, D, E and K are fat soluable, not stored or excreted easily making them toxic, they’re also oxidising agents

Question 3

What are all B vitamins?

Answer 3

They are all coenzymes in metabolic pathways

Question 4

Vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B7/8, B9 and B12

Answer 4

B1 - Thiamin - deficiency can be accumulation of lactate or beri beri
B2 - riboflavin - UV sensitive
B3 - nicotinic acid - functions as NAD and NADP
B5 - Pantothenic acid - coenzyme A component
B7/8 - Biotin - prosthetic group for carboxylations
B9 - Folate - carries 1C units
B12 - cobalamin - carry methyl groups

Question 5

Vitamin C?

Answer 5

An antioxidant needed for Fe2+ formation

Deficiency can cause scurvy

Question 6

Vitamin A?

Answer 6

Affects protein synthesis

Toxicity results in dermatitis

Question 7

Vitamin E?

Answer 7

Prevents oxidation of fatty acids

Question 8

Vitamin D2?

Answer 8

Formed from UV light
Corrects values of calcium and phosphate
Toxicity forms hypocalcemia

Question 9

Vitamin D3?

Answer 9

Formed by skin UV light

Can form rickets or osteomalacia

Question 10

Vitamin K?

Answer 10

Can result in blood clotting defect if deficient