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Nutrition > Vitamin E > Flashcards

Vitamin E Flashcards

1
Q

What does tocopherol mean?

A 
Toco = childbirth
Pher = the bring forth
ol = alcohol
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2
Q

What is Vitamin E AKA

A

Vitamers

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3
Q

What are the differences of isomers present between natural and synthetic vitamin E?

A

Natural: only biologically active isomers present

Synthetic: Fatty acid attached, racemic mixture of isomers

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4
Q

What is the difference of tocopherols present between natural and synthetic vitamin E?

A

Natural: mixture of tocopherols and tocotrienols

Synthetic: Alpha-tocopherols only

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5
Q

T/F

Vitamin E supplements prevent cancer and heart disease

A

False

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6
Q

How are tocopherols and tocotrienols absorbed?

A

Fatty acid removed by lipases and bile is released into SI. 50% absorbed by passive diffusion in SI.

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7
Q

Where does absorption of tocopherols and tocotrienols happen primarily in the SI?

A

Jejunum

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8
Q

How are tocopherols and tocotrienols transported to the liver?

A

Packed into chylomicrons

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9
Q

What happens to tocopherols and tocotrienols after they go to the liver?

A

Alph-tocopherol transport protein incorporates most alpha and gamma tocopherol and tocotrienols into VLDL

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10
Q

Where is 90% of Vitamin E stored?

A

Adipose tissue

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11
Q

Where is the remaining 10% of vitamin E stored?

A

Blood, liver, lungs, heart, muscles, adrenal glands, spleen, brain.

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12
Q

What are some antioxidant properties of vitamin E?

A

Found in plasma membrane

Dietary intake decreases risk of heart disease, cancer, age-related macular degen.

Donates H to free radicals to protect PUFA in membrane

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13
Q

What is the absolute best source of vitamin E?

A

Plant oils

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14
Q

What sources are high alpha-tocopherols found?

A

Canola oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, almonds

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15
Q

What sources are high gamma-tocopherols found?

A

Corn oil, soybean oil, sesame oil, walnuts, peanuts, pecans

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16
Q

What sources are high tocotrienols found?

A

Oats, rye, barley, rice bran oil, wheat germ, palm oil

17
Q

T/F

Vitamin E deficiency - tocopherols is rare

A

True

18
Q

What are some key symptoms of hypovitaminosis E?

A

Myopathy, hemolytic anemia (infants only), loss of tendon reflexes, loss of coordination, peripheral neuropathy

19
Q

Who is most at risk for vitamin E deficiency?

A
  1. Fatty malabs disorder patients

2. Premature infants

20
Q

What is the safe upper limit of Vitamin E?

A

1,000 mg/day

21
Q

What are the toxicity symptoms of vitamin E (4)

A

Bleeding
Nausea
Diarrhea
Fatigue

22
Q

What vitamin E intake level is associated with all cause mortality?

A

400 IU

23
Q

What is the function of vitamin E

A

Antioxidant

Nutrition (11 decks)

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