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MSK > Vitamin D And Calcitonin > Flashcards

Vitamin D And Calcitonin Flashcards

1
Q

What form of VD is made from pro-VD3 after exposure to UVB?

A

▪️pre-VD3

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2
Q

What form of VD is present in the skin (before acted on by UVB)?

A

▪️pro-VD3

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3
Q

What converts pre-VD3 to VD3?

A

▪️heat

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4
Q

How does VD3 circulate in the plasma?

A

▪️VD binding protein

▪️albumin

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5
Q

Where in the body is VD released from DBP?

A

▪️liver

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6
Q

What does the liver convert VD3 to?

A

▪️25(OH)D3

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7
Q

What is the major circulating form of VD?

A

▪️25(OH)D3

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8
Q

Where is 25(OH)D3 transported to?

A

▪️renal tubules in kidneys

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9
Q

What does the kidneys convert 25(OH)D3 to?

A

▪️1,25(OH)2D

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10
Q

What is the active form of VD3?

A

▪️25(OH)2D

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11
Q

What is the effect of VD on calcium and phosphate metabolism in bone?

A

▪️1,25(OH)2D acts on the osteoblast and causes up regulation of RANKL ligand
▪️ more RANKL ligand, means more preosteoclasts are stimulated to become osteoclasts
▪️more osteoclasts means more bone resorption
▪️high levels of Ca and P in blood

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12
Q

What is the effect of VD in the gut?

A

▪️1,25(OH)2D increases upregulation of Ca channels in gut
▪️increased absorption of phosphate from the gut
▪️increased blood Ca and P

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13
Q

Causes of VD deficiency?

A 
▪️lack of sun
▪️bad diet
▪️stoppage or reduction of bile flow (cholestasis)
▪️renal failure
▪️malabsorption 
▪️drugs
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14
Q

What are the consequences of VD deficiency?

A

▪️children
-rickets-condition that affects bone development in children
▪️adult
-osteomalacia-soft bones

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15
Q

Where is calcitonin released from and from what cells?

A

▪️thyroid gland

-c cells

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16
Q

What causes the release of calcitonin?

A

▪️high blood Ca

17
Q

What does calcitonin do?

A

▪️suppresses bone resorption to lower blood calcium

18
Q

DXA scan

A 
▪️dual-energy X-ray 
-T score measured in g/cm3 
▪️normal range (3 to -1)
▪️osteopenia (-1 to -2.5)
▪️osteoporosis (-2.5 to -5)

MSK (11 decks)

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