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nutrition > Vitamin B > Flashcards

Vitamin B Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamin B is essential for?

A

Energy production
Maintaining a healthy CNS
Forming of RBC
Support immune system

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2
Q

How many types of vitamin B are there

A

8 types of vitamin B

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3
Q

Vitamin B1 aka?

A

Thiamine

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4
Q

Thiamine is important for what metabolism

A

Glucose metabolism

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5
Q

What organs are affected when there is a thiamine deficiency?

A

Heart and brain

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6
Q

Cofactor for several enzymes involved in glucose metabolism

A

Thiamin diphosphate

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7
Q

A vitamin b1 that has a distinct property at the neuronal membrane

A

Thiamine triphosphate

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8
Q

Where is thamine absorbed?

A

Duodenum and proximal jejunum

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9
Q

Metabolic function of thamine

A

Metabolism of carbohydrates

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10
Q

A disease if an individual has a Thiamine defciency

A

Beriberi

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11
Q

Vitamin b2 aka

A

Riboflavin

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12
Q

Coenzyme in riboflavin that is involved in the metabolic pathway of carbohydrates, lipid and protein metabolism

A

Vitamin b2

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13
Q

A vitamin that aids in the transport of electrons in electron transport chain

A

Flavoproteins

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14
Q

Rich sources or riboflavin

A

Eggs, meat, fish,dairy products

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15
Q

Riboflavin is widely used as?

A

Food color

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16
Q

Photolysis of riboflavin leads to the formation of?

A

Lumiflavin and lumichrome

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17
Q

Limuflavin and lumichrome catalyze oxidation of?

A

Lipids and methionine

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18
Q

Responsible of hydrolyzing the coenzymes of riboflavin

A

Intestinal phosphatases

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19
Q

Riboflavin exists in the bloodstream in different forms such as:

A

50% free riboflavin
44% exists as flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

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20
Q

Riboflavin deficiency is aka?

A

Ariboflavinosis

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21
Q

Signs and symptoms of ariboflavinosis

A

Sikn issue
Inflammation and ores in the mouth
Sore throat
Eye irritation

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22
Q

Requirement of riboflavin

A

1.3mg in males
1.1mg in females

23
Q

Vitamin b3 is aka

A

Niacin

24
Q

A unique nutrient that can be synthesized in he body from the essential amino acid tryptophan

A

Niacin (vit b3)

25
Q

Two components of niacin

A

Nicotinic acid
Nicotinamide

26
Q

Main dietary source of niacin

A

Protein rich food

27
Q

Why does coffee consumption can contribute to the niacin intake

A

Because coffee beans has trigonelline

28
Q

A disease of tryptophan and niacin defieny

A

Pellagra

29
Q

Average requirement of niacin is?

A

1.3mg

30
Q

Vitamin b5 aka

A

Pantothenic acid

31
Q

This vitamin has a central role in energy-yielding metabolism as the functional moiety of coenzyme A and in the biosynthesis of FA as the prosthetic group of acyl carrier protein

A

Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5)

32
Q

Vitamin b6 is presented as___ in plant foods

A

Glucosides

33
Q

Active form of vitamin b6

A

Pyridoxal phosphate

34
Q

What are the vitamin b6 that are dephosphorylated thru alkaline phosphatase

A

Pyridoxal
Pyridoxamine
Pyridoxine

35
Q

Major role of vitamin B6

A

Amino acid metabolism

36
Q

Viatmin b12 aka

A

Cobalamins

37
Q

The first form in which vitamin b12 is isolated

A

Cyanocobalamin

38
Q

Vitamin b12 binds to what protein in the saliva

A

Cobalophilin

39
Q

What happens to cobalophilin in the duodenum?

A

It is hydrolyzed and bind to intrinsic factor

40
Q

In the ileum, vitamin b12 is absorbed through?

A

Intrinsic factor

41
Q

in the plasma, vitamin b12 circulates and bounds to ___ it is required for tissue uptake of the vitamin

A

Transcobalamin I

42
Q

In the plasma if it binds to this enzyme(?) it is gonna be a stored form of the vitamin

A

Transcobalamin II

43
Q

Transcobalamin III is rapidly by?

A

Liver

44
Q

How many ug o vitb12 is secreted in the bile each day

A

3-8 ug (2.25-6mol)

45
Q

Three vitamin b12 dependent enzymes in human tissue

A
  1. Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase
  2. Leucine aminoutase
  3. Emthionine synthase
46
Q

Vitamin b12 deficiency

A

Pernicious anemia

47
Q

Coenzyme for the synthesis of methionine and for making RNA and DNA

A

Folate

48
Q

Folate deficiency can cause

A

Megaloblastic anemia

49
Q

Mothers who were folate deficiency during pregnancy has a higher what?

A

Higher risk of neural tube birth defects

50
Q

Folate deficiency can develop ___ which can lead to physical and mental disabilities

A

Spina bifida

51
Q

Vitmain H aka

A

Biotin

52
Q

A protien in egg white: binds biotin extremely tight therefore makes it unavailable

A

Avidin

53
Q

Coenzyme of glucose metabolism in biotin

A

Pyruvate carboxylase

nutrition (8 decks)

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