1 - nutrition and you

Question 1

the word nutrition first appeared in what year?

Answer 1

1551

Question 2

latin word of “to nourish”

Answer 2

nutrire

Question 3

definition of nutrition

Answer 3

the sum of all processes involved in how organisms obtain nutrients, metabolize them, and use them to support all of life’s processes

Question 4

factors or determinants of health factors

Answer 4

nutrition
genetics
environment
life cycle
lifestyle

Question 5

health factor

• a person’s stage of life influences their health and nutritional requirements

Answer 5

life style

Question 6

health factor

• majority of our expressed traits are a product of our genes and environment

Answer 6

environment & genes

Question 7

one of the best environmental predictors of a populations health is ___

Answer 7

socioeconomic status

Question 8

health factors

• a measurement made up of three variables
  
  • income, occupation and education

Answer 8

socioeconomic status

Question 9

three variables of socioeconomic status

Answer 9

income, occupation and education

Question 10

t or f: Socioeconomic status affects nutrition by influencing what foods you can afford and consequently, food choice and food quality.

Answer 10

true

Question 11

t or f: Socioeconomic status affects nutrition by influencing what foods you can’t afford and consequently, food choice and food quality.

Answer 11

f

Question 12

health factors

• your dietary habits, physical activity level, recreational drug use and sleeping patters

Answer 12

lifestyle

Question 13

health is defines as

Answer 13

“state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 14

defined as any abnormal condition
affecting the health of an organism, and is characterized by specific signs and
symptons

Answer 14

disease

Question 15

foods we ear affect all three aspects of our health

Answer 15

physical, social, mental

Question 16

excessive eating can cause

Answer 16

chronic disease
- hypertension
- obesity
- type 2 diabetes
- CVD
- cancer
- osteoporosis

Question 17

substances required by the body to perform its basic function

Answer 17

nutrition

Question 18

nutrients must be obtainted from ___, since the human body does not synthesize them

Answer 18

diet

Question 19

classes of nutrients

Answer 19

carbs
protein
fat
water
vitamins
minerals

Question 20

classes of macronutrients

Answer 20

carbs
protein
lipid

Question 21

needed in large amounts, can be metabolically processed into cellular energy

Answer 21

macronutrients

Question 22

composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

has two form based on their chemical structure

Answer 22

carbohydrates

fast-releasing carbs - simple sugars

slow releasing carbs - staruht glycogen (?)

Question 23

carbs that consists of 1-2 basic units

Answer 23

fast releasing carbohydrates

sucrose
glucose
fructose

Question 24

long chains of simple sugars

Answer 24

slow-releasing carbohydrates

glycogen starch fibers

Question 25

building blocks for bigger macromolecules

essential for proper functioning of the nervous system, heart and kidneys

one gram / 4kcal

Answer 25

carbohydrates

Question 26

Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen but insoluble in water unlike
carbohydrates

Answer 26

lipids

main types:
- triglycerides
- phospholipids
- sterol

Question 27

surround and protect organs, aid in temperature regulation

Answer 27

lipids

Question 28

“workhorses” composed of amino acids.

carbon
oxygen
hydrogen
nitrogen

4kcal / gram

Answer 28

proteins

Question 29

word protein comes from a greek word meaning

Answer 29

of primary importance

Question 30

key role in conducting most of the chemical reactions that takes place in the body

Answer 30

proteins

Question 31

needed in large amount but does not yield calories
more than 60% of your total body weight

Answer 31

water

Question 32

required by the body in lesser amounts but are still essential for carrying out bodily functions

Answer 32

micronutrients

Question 33

how many essential minerals and vitamins are there

Answer 33

16 minerals
13 vitamins

Question 34

not directly used for making energy,
but they assist in the process as being part
of enzymes

Answer 34

micronutrients

Question 35

are proteins that catalyze chemical
reactions in the body and are involved in all
aspects of body functions from producing
energy, to digesting nutrients, to building
macromolecules.

Answer 35

enzymes

Question 36

are solid inorganic substances
that form crystals and are classified
depending on how much of them we need

Answer 36

minerals

Question 37

minerals that are only required in a few mg or less

Answer 37

trace minerals

Question 38

minerals that are required in hundreds of mg

Answer 38

macrominerals

Question 39

examples of trace minerals

Answer 39

iron
zinc
iodine
selenium
copper
manganese
fluoride
chromium
molybdenum

Question 40

examples of macrominerals

Answer 40

sodium
chloride
potassium
calcium
phosphorus
magnesium
sulfur

Question 41

The thirteen vitamins are categorized as
either

Answer 41

water-soluble or fat-soluble

Question 42

The _____-soluble vitamins are vitamin C and
all the B vitamins.

Answer 42

water

Question 43

The ____-soluble vitamins are A, D, E, and K.

Answer 43

fat

Question 44

are required to perform many
functions in the body such as:
± making red blood cells
± synthesizing bone tissue
± playing a role in normal vision, nervous
system function, and immune system function

Answer 44

vitamins

Question 45

contain lots of the
nutrients relative to the amount of calories
they provide.
‡ High quality food

Answer 45

nutrient dense food

Question 46

factors that drive food choices

Answer 46

taste, texture, appearance
economics
early food experiences
habits
culture
geography
advertising

Question 47

factors that drive food choice

Answer 47

social factors
health concerns
emotions
green food/ sustainability choices