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nutrition > vitamin ADEK C > Flashcards

vitamin ADEK C Flashcards

1
Q

what are the fat soluble vitamins

A

Vit A D E K

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2
Q

two types of vitmain a

A

retinoids and carotenoids

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3
Q

a type of vitamin a that is known for its therapeutic application, particularly in skincare

A

retinoids

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4
Q

what is the active vitamin A?

A

retinol

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5
Q

a type of vitamin A that is a provitamin

A

beta-carotene

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6
Q

source of Vit A that are rich in retinol

A

beef liver, fish oil, dairy products

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7
Q

food source that are rich in carotenoids

A

plant based sources like carrots, spinach and sweet potatoes

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8
Q

food source that are fortified with Vit a

A

breakfast cereals and milk

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9
Q

Vit D is aka?

A

calciferol

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10
Q

sunshine vitamin

A

Vit D calciferol

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11
Q

vit D is produced in the skin when exposed to?

A

UV rays

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12
Q

vitamin d that is found in plants

A

vitamin D2 ergocalciferol

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13
Q

vitamin D that is produced in skin and found in animal foods

A

vitamin D3 cholecalciferol

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14
Q

Vitamin D is synthesized from ___in the skin upon UV exposure

A

7-dehydrocholesterol

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15
Q

where does 7-dehydrocholesterol converted to?

A

in the liver

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16
Q

active form of vitamin D

A

1,25 - dihydroxycholecalciferol (calcitriol)

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17
Q

asdasda

A

asdas

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18
Q

RDI of Vit D in adults

A

15-20mg

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19
Q

RDI of Vit D in children aged 1-13

A

15mg

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20
Q

Vit D deficiency in children can lead to?

A

rickets and osteomalacia

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21
Q

a lipid-soluble antioxidant in cell membranes

A

vitamin E

22
Q

commonly the plasma vitamin C molecule reacts with the vitamin E radical in a membrane or lipoprotein to convert it back to?

A

tocopherols

23
Q

The plasma concentrations of ɑ-tocopherol that would appear to be advantageous would call for a consumption of?

A

17-40 mg per day

24
Q

this vitamin plays an essential role in blood coagulation

A

vitamin K

25
Q

Vit k1 aka

A

phylloquinone

26
Q

vitk2 aka

A

menaquinone

27
Q

vitk3 aka

A

menadiol

28
Q

how many % of dietary phylloquinone is normally absorbed in the lymphatic system

A

80%

29
Q

Intestinal bacteria synthesize what vitK

A

menaquinones VitK2

30
Q

The synthetic compound menadiol is absorbed largely into the ?

A

hepatic portal system

31
Q

It is the cofactor for the carboxylation of glutamate residues in the postsynthetic modification of proteins to form the unusual amino acid γ- carboxyglutamate.

A

vitamin K

32
Q

treatment of pregnant women with warfarin or other anticoagulants can lead to bone abnormalities in the child called?

A

the fetal warfarin syndrome

33
Q

measures the time required for the formation of a fibrin clot in citrated blood plasma after the addition of calcium ions and thromboplastin

A

prothrombin time

34
Q

A small number of newborn infants have very low reserves of vitamin K and are at risk of potentially fatal??

A

fatal hemorrhagic disease

35
Q

AI of vitK for males and female

A

male - 75mg
female - 120mg

36
Q

a water soluble micronutrient

A

vitamin C

37
Q

vit C aka

A

ascorbic acid

38
Q

a required part of several enzymes involved in the synthesis of collagen, signaling molecules in the brain, some hormones, and amino acids.

A

vitamin C

39
Q

copper containing enzyme involved in the synthesis of catecholamines from tyrosine in the adrenal medulla and central nervous system.

A

dopamine b-hydroxylase

40
Q

involved in the modification of precursor proteins to yield the final, mature protein.

A

Oxoglutarate-linked iron-containing hydroxylases

41
Q

required for the postsynthetic modification of procollagen in the formation of mature, insoluble, collagen

A

proline and lysine hydroxylases

42
Q

required for the postsynthetic modification of the precursor proteins of osteocalcin and the C1q component of complement.

A

proline hydroxylase

43
Q

for the postsynthetic modification of the precursor of protein C, the vitamin K-dependent protease that hydrolyzes activated factor V in the blood-clotting cascade.

A

aspartate - B - hydroxylase

44
Q

vitamin C deficiency

A

scurvy

45
Q

Deficiency do not develop in previously adequately nourished subjects until they have been deprived of the vitamin for how many months?

A

4-6 months

46
Q

early signs of scurvy

A

skin change
petechial hemorrhage

47
Q

late stage of scurvy

A

hemorrhage of gums
loss of dental cement, loose teeth in the alveolar bone
wounds show only superficial healing

48
Q

signs of advance scurvy

A

intense pain in the bones

49
Q

The requirement for vitamin C to prevent clinical scurvy is less than ?

A

10mg/day

50
Q

An intake of ____ is required for optimum wound healing.

A

20mg/day

51
Q

RDI intake of vit C for non-pregnant, pregnant and lactating women

A

NP - 75mg/day
P - 85mg/day
L - 120mg/day

52
Q
A

nutrition (8 decks)

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