3. energy balance and body weight

Question 1

can be defined as the quantity of work a particular system can
perform.

Answer 1

Energy

Question 2

energy is classified as either?

Answer 2

potential - stored energy, energy waiting to happen
kinetic - is energy in motion

Question 3

unit of measurement that defines
the energy contained in a energy
yielding nutrient

Answer 3

calorie

Question 4

is the amount of energy in
the form of heat

Answer 4

calorie

Question 5

is the amount of heat
generated by a particular macronutrient

Answer 5

kilocalorie

Question 6

energy from macronutrients

carbs
protein
fat
alcohol

Answer 6

4
4
9
7

Question 7

A nutrient’s metabolic path is
dependent upon

Answer 7

energy balance

Question 8

In a positive energy balance the?

Answer 8

excess nutrient
energy will be stored or used to grow

Question 9

In negative energy balance you?

Answer 9

aren’t taking in
enough energy to meet your needs, so your body
will need to use its stores to provide energy.

Question 10

a standardized mathematical prediction
of a person’s daily energy needs in kilocalories per
day required to maintain weight.

Answer 10

estimating energy requirement

Question 11

The sum of caloric expenditure

Answer 11

total energy expenditure

Question 12

TEE is dependent on?

Answer 12

age, sex, height, weight, and physical activity level

Question 13

refers to those metabolic
pathways necessary to support and maintain
the body’s basic functions while at rest

Answer 13

basal metabolism

Question 14

is the amount
of energy required by the body to conduct its
basic functions over a certain time period.

Answer 14

basal metabolic rate

Question 15

The great majority of energy expended daily is from conducting life’s basic
processes.

Answer 15

between 50 - 70%

Question 16

BMR is dependent on

Answer 16

body size, age, sex, body composition, nutritional status and genetics

Question 17

t or f: muscle tissue burns more calories than fat tissues while at rest

Answer 17

t

Question 18

BMR of
liver
brain
heart
kidneys
skeletal muscle (at rest)
other organs

Answer 18

27
19
7
10
18
19

Question 19

the amount of calories
burned by the human body in one day adjusted to
the amount of activity (sedentary, moderate or
strenous)

Answer 19

total energy expenditure

Question 20

The energy required for all the
enzymatic reactions that take place
during food digestion and absorption
of nutrients

Answer 20

thermic effect on food

Question 21

thermic effect on food accounts

Answer 21

10% of total energy expended per day

Question 22

fat tissue produces what hormone that balance the positive energy in the body

Answer 22

leptin

Question 23

what part of the brain senses if nutrient levels in the blood decreases, and when they are high the satiety center is stimulated

Answer 23

hypothalamus

Question 24

factors affecting energy intake

Answer 24

hunger
satiety
fat tissue
genetic influence
psychological/behavioral influences
societal influences

Question 25

Indicator of the appropriateness of a person’s
weight (lbs) for their height (in)

Answer 25

BMI

Question 26

the optimal weight recommended for optimal
health

Answer 26

ideal body weight

Question 27

calculated using height and weight measurements

Answer 27

BMI body mass index

Question 28

Ranges of Healthy % of Body Fat

females ages:
20-39
40-59
60-79

male ages
20-39
40-59
60-79

Answer 28

female ages:
21-33 %
23-24%
24-36%

male ages
8-20%
11-22%
13-25%

Question 29

Fat deposited in the abdominal cavity is called ___ and it is a better predictor of disease risk than total fat mass

Answer 29

visceral fat

Question 30

“apple-shaped” bodies

Answer 30

carry more weight around the waist. have greater risk of chronic disease

Question 31

“pear shaped” bodies

Answer 31

carry more weight around the hips

Question 32

a disorder in which the irrational fear of becoming
obese results in severe weight loss from self-impose d starvation

Answer 32

anorexia nervosa

Question 33

Health consequences of anorexia nervosa

Answer 33

malnutrition and starvation

females stop menstruating

may develop heart problems, irreg heartbeat that can lead to cardiac arrest and sudden death

Question 34

a disorder in which some form of purging or
clearing of the digestive tract follows cycles of
overeating

Answer 34

bulimia nervosa

Question 35

common symptoms of bulimia nervosa

Answer 35

eating a significant amount of food in a limited time
guilt after eating
purging of food after eating
use of diet pills or diuretics
excessive exercise to prevent weight gain

Question 36

a disorder characterized by compulsive overeating,
consume huge amounts of food at one time but do
not try to purge

Answer 36

binge eating disorder

Question 37

This disorder may signal the use of food as a coping
mechanism for strong emotions or depression

Answer 37

binge eating disorder

Question 38

health consequence of binge eating

Answer 38

may result in type 2 diabetes, heart disease and stroke