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Health Science > Vital Signs Quiz > Flashcards

Vital Signs Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

Vital Signs (VS)

A

measures of various physiological statistics, often taken by health professionals, in order to assess the most basic body functions

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2
Q

4 Primary Vital Signs

A

Heart Rate (Pulse)
Blood Pressure
Body Temperature
Respiration Rate

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3
Q

Heart Rate (Pulse)

A

a wave of blood flow that expands an artery created by a contraction of the heart

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4
Q

What is the heart rate assessed as?

A

beats per minute (BPM)

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5
Q

How is the heart rate counted?

A

counted for 15, 20, 30, or 60 seconds

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6
Q

Normal Heart Rate (adults)

A

Healthy Resting HR = 60 – 100 BPM

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7
Q

Where is the Radial Pulse sight located?

A

inside the wrist, near the thumb

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8
Q

Where is the Brachial Pulse sight located?

A

in the antecubital space of the arm (the bend of the elbow) in adults

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9
Q

Where is the Apical Pulse sight located?

A

ausculated with a stethoscope on the chest wall. The pulse is found at the apex of the heart

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10
Q

Device used to measure heart rate?

A

stethoscope

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11
Q

Electrocardiograph (ECG/EKG)

A

an electrocardiograph record the electrical activity of your heart

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12
Q

Blood Pressure (BP)

A

the pressure or tension exerted by the circulating volume of blood on the arterial walls

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13
Q

Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)

A

the higher number; represents the pressure exerted on the arteries during the contraction phase of the heartbeat

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14
Q

Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)

A

the second number; represents the resting pressure on the arteries as the heart relaxes between contractions

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15
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

Difference between the systolic and diastolic; 40 is normal and healthy

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16
Q

What is the normal range for blood pressure?

A

120/80 mmHg

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17
Q

Device used for measuring blood pressure?

A

sphygomomanometer or a BP cuff

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18
Q

The most common site for reading BP?

A

Brachial artery: taken on the upper arm

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19
Q

Hypertension

A

a condition that can be caused by high blood pressure

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20
Q

Hypotension

A

a condition that can be caused by low blood pressure

21
Q

Respiration

A

the act or process of breathing

22
Q

Rate of Respiration

A

number of breaths per minute

1 breath = 1 inhalation and 1 exhalation

23
Q

Normal range for respiration rate

A

12 – 20 breaths per minute

24
Q

Hyperventilation

A

an increased respiratory rate

25
Q

Hypoventilation

A

a decrease in respiratory rate and depth

26
Q

Tidal Volume (TV)

A

500 mL or 0.5 L

normal volume moved in or out of the lungs during quiet (resting) breathing

27
Q

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

A

2900 mL or 2.9 L

inhaling deeply to increase lung volume

28
Q

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

A

1400 mL or 1.4 L

increasing expiration by contracting our thoracic and abdominal muscles

29
Q

Residual Volume (RV)

A

1000 mL or 1 L

even when we exhale deeply, some air is still in the lungs

30
Q

Vital Capacity (VC)

A

the total of TV + IRV + ERV

it is called vital capacity because it is vital for life, and the more air you can move the better off you are

31
Q

Total Lung Capacity

A

6000 mL or 6 L
VC + RV

the amount of air in the lungs after a deep inhalation

32
Q

Spirogram

A

term that depicts a graph of lung capacities

33
Q

Device used to measure lung capacities

A

respirometer

34
Q

Spirometry

A

a method of assessing lung function by measuring the volume and speed flow of air in and out of the lungs

Pulmonary Function Test (PFT)

35
Q

Spirometer

A

device used to perform spirometry

36
Q

Respiratory Disease Classifications

A

Obstructive Lung Disease

Restrictive Lung Disease

37
Q

Obstructive Lung Disease

A

conditions that makes it hard to exhale all the air in the lungs

38
Q

Obstructive Lung Disease Examples

A
  • COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
  • Emphysema
  • Asthma
  • Cystic Fibrosis
39
Q

Restrictive Lung Disease

A

conditions that makes it difficult to fully expand the lungs with air due to lung stiffness or muscle weakness

40
Q

Restrictive Lung Disease Examples

A
  • ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
  • Muscular dystrophy
  • Scoliosis
  • Interstitial Disease (pulmonary fibrosis)
41
Q

Homeostasis

A

the condition of the body maintaining a “steady state” where the internal environment within the body remains stable despite the influence of external factors

42
Q

Negative Feedback System

A

works by reducing or eliminating the stimulus that is causing the change

43
Q

A negative feedback system controls what?

A

blood sugar levels, temperature, and blood pH level

44
Q

Positive Feedback System

A

enhances the effect of the stimulus pushing it further away from its normal range

45
Q

A positive feedback system is used for what?

A

to produce a desired result or achieve a final goal

Example: childbirth and lactation

46
Q

Thermoregulation

A

the ability to maintain the internal body temperature so that cells can function properly

47
Q

Normal range for body temperature

A

37ºC or 98.6ºF

48
Q

Body Temperature

A

a measure of your body’s ability to make and get rid of heat

49
Q

Device used to meausre body temperature

A

electronic thermometers

glass thermometers

Health Science (8 decks)

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