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Clinical Procedures 1 > Vital Signs: Ch 19 > Flashcards

Vital Signs: Ch 19 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Bradycardia

A

Abnormally slow heart rate

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2
Q

How many beats is qualified as bradycardia?

A

Less than 60

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3
Q

Define tachycardia

A

abnormally fast heart rate

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4
Q

how many beats classifies tachycardia?

A

more than 100

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5
Q

Orthopnea

A

Breathing that is so difficult that the patient cannot lie down

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6
Q

What is the normal range for body temp in F?

A

97-99

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7
Q

What is the average body temp?

A

98.6

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8
Q

Your patient has a pulse with normal rhythm and volume. What words might you use in charting this?

A
  • Strong and full

- Bounding

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9
Q

What is the name of the pulse in the neck?

A

Carotid

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10
Q

Popliteal pulse

A

pulse posterior to the kneecap

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11
Q

Dorsalis Pedis

A

Pulse on superior surface of the foot

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12
Q

Where is the femoral pulse located?

A

Groin

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13
Q

What is the expected pulse rate of a newborn?

A

120-160 BPM

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14
Q

What is the normal respiratory range for an adult?

A

12-20 respirations per minute

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15
Q

Where is the control center for involuntary respiration located?

A

medulla oblongata

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16
Q

What blood vessel is used to take blood pressures?

A

Brachial artery

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17
Q

Two types of sphygmomanometers are:

A
  • Aneroid

- Mercury

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18
Q

Identify the parts of a stethescope

A
  • Diaphragm

- Bell

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19
Q

What is the diaphragm used for?

A

hearing high pitched sounds

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20
Q

What is the bell used for?

A

hearing low pitched sounds

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21
Q

What does blood pressure measure?

A

The pressure/force exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries in which it is contained

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22
Q

What does the systolic blood pressure represent?

A

Pressure in arteries when heart contracts

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23
Q

What does the diastolic blood pressure represent?

A

Blood pressure when heart muscle is between beats and is resting

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24
Q

What is blood pressure measured in?

A

Millimeters of mercury

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25
Q

what is the abbreviation for millimeters of mercury?

A

mmHg

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26
Q

Do you had or subtract a degree for a rectal temp being taken orally?

A

add degree

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27
Q

How is heat produced in the body?

A
  • cell metabolism
  • voluntary/involuntary muscle contractions
  • strong emotional states
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28
Q

How is heat lost from the body?

A
  • Radiation
  • Conduction
  • Convection
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29
Q

What causes a pulse to occur?

A
  • Left ventricle of heart contracts and blood is forced from heart into aorta
  • Aorta is filled with blood and must expand to accept blood which creates pulsating waves
30
Q

What factors affect pulse rate?

A
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Metabolism
  • Physical Exercise
  • Emotional status
31
Q

What factors affect the body temperature?

A
  • Illness
  • emotional state
  • time of day
  • physical exercise
  • age
32
Q

What factors affect blood pressure?

A
  • age
  • physical activity
  • stress
  • smoking
  • overweight
33
Q

Identify 6 sites for taking a pulse

A
  • radial (wrist)
  • femoral (groin)
  • popliteal (behind knee)
  • carotid (neck)
34
Q

Why is the diastolic pressure lower than the systolic pressure?

A

-Diastolic is measured diastole when heart is resting

35
Q

Pyrexia

A

Low grade fever

36
Q

Arrhythmia

A

Irregular/bad pulse

37
Q

Apnea

A

Temporary cessation of breathing

38
Q

Cyanosis

A

A bluish discoloration of the skin/mucous membranes

39
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal respirations
16-20 respirations per minute
rhythm is even and regular and depth is normal

40
Q

Hypoxia

A

Reduction in the oxygen supply to the tissues of the body

41
Q

Respiration

A

Exchange of oxygen/carbon dioxide between atmosphere and the body cells

42
Q

Orthopnea

A

Condition in which breathing is easier when an individual is in a sitting or standing position

43
Q

Tachypnea

A

an abnormal increase in respiratory rate of more than 20 breaths/min

44
Q

bradypnea

A

an abnormal increase in respiratory rate of less than 10 respirations per min

45
Q

dyspnea

A

shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing

46
Q

tachycardia

A

abnormally fast heart rate (100+ beats/min)

47
Q

Bradycardia

A

abnormally slow heart rate (less than 60 beats/min)

48
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

instrument for measuring arterial blood pressure

49
Q

Bell (stethoscope)

A

hearing low pitched noises

50
Q

Diaphragm (stethoscope)

A

Hearing high pitched noises

51
Q

Thready pulse

A

pulse with decreased volume that feels weak/thin

52
Q

bounding pulse

A

pulse with increased volume that feels very strong/full

53
Q

Carotid Pulse

A

Pulse in neck area (right below jawline)

54
Q

Rhonchi

A

Deep, low-pitched rumbling sound more audible during expiration

55
Q

Rales

A

abnormal rattling sound heard when examining lungs w/ stethoscope

56
Q

Axilla

A

armpit

57
Q

Fibrillation

A

Irregular often rapid heart rate

58
Q

Frenulum

A

Connecting fold of membrane serving to support or restrain a part

59
Q

Afebrile

A

without fever; normal body temp

60
Q

febrile

A

pertaining to a fever

61
Q

stethoscope

A

instrument amplifying/hearing sounds produced by body

62
Q

fever

A

body temp above normal (pyrexia)

63
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure

64
Q

hypotension

A

low blood pressure

65
Q

hypoxemia

A

decrease in oxygen saturation of the blood; may lead to hypoxia

66
Q

pallor

A

unhealthy pale appearance

67
Q

respiratory rate

A

number of breaths per minute

counted by rise and fall of chest

68
Q

apical pulse

A
  • left side of chest

- 5th intercostal space

69
Q

antecubital space

A

depression in front of elbow

-in blood pressures helps to place cuff

70
Q

pulse rate

A

number of beats per minute

71
Q

average pulse rate?

A

60-100 BPM

72
Q

brachial pulse

A

arm (in front of elbow)

Clinical Procedures 1 (9 decks)

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