Physical Exam and Eye/Ear Exam Flashcards
MMR
Measles, Mumps, Rubella
OTC
Over the counter
Hx
Medical History
Fx
Function
abd
abdomen
NKA
No known allergies
DOB
Date of birth
Rx
Prescription
c/o
complaints of
abbreviation for without
s with line above it
STAT
immediately
Bx
Biopsy
prn
as needed
right ear abbreviation
AD
left eye abbreviation
OS
abbreviation for both eyes
OU
flatulence
passing gas
auscultation
process of listening to sounds produced within the body to detect signs of disease
cerumen
earwax
myopia
nearsightedness
vertigo
dizzy sensation
bradycardia
abnormally slower heartbeat (less than 60 bpm)
edema
swelling
cyanosis
abnormal bluish discoloration of the skin
pallor
unhealthy pale appearance
bruit
a sound heard through a stethoscope (usually abnormal or a murmur)
pyuria
presence of pus in the urine
jaundice
yellowing of the skin or white part of the eyes
hyperopia
farsightedness
micturition
urinating
presbyopia
loss of vision as a result of old age
diaphoresis
sweating
strabismus
-abnormal alignment of the eyes
may have to squint a lot
percussion
the process of tapping the body to detect signs of disease
erythema
superficial reddening of the skin (usually in patches) as a result of injury or irritation
palpation
the process of feeling with the hands to detect signs of disease
nystagmus
rapid involuntary movements of the eyes
void
to urinate
distention
enlarged/swollen from internal pressure
astigmatism
cornea that is oval shaped causes distorted/blurred vision for objects both near and far
audiometer
instrument used to measure hearing acuity quantitatively for the various frequencies of sound waves
Prone position
laying face down
Supine position
laying face up
presbycusis
loss of hearing that occurs with old age
occlude
stop/close up/obstruct
crepitus
a grating sound or sensation produced by friction between bone and cartilage or the fractured parts of a bone
patent
open/unobstructed/not closed
prognosis
the likely course of a disease
Snycope
temporary loss of consciousness caused by a fall in blood pressure
Lithotomy position
a supine position of the body with the legs separated, flexed, and supported in raised stirrups
perforation
hole in part of the body caused by accident/disease
peritoneum
the serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs
gait
person’s manner of walking
acuity
sharpness or keenness of thought, vision, or hearing
tinnitus
ringing or buzzing in the ears
pruritis
severe itching of the skin
implied consent
consent which is not expressly granted by a person, but rather implicitly granted by a person’s actions and the facts and circumstances of a particular situation
Expressed consent
permission for something that is given specifically, either verbally or in writing
What is the difference between prone and supine positions?
supine is laying face up and prone is laying face down
What is a sigmoidoscopy? What position would you be put in?
- procedure that lets your doctor look inside your sigmoid colon by using a flexible tube with a light on it. - It helps your doctor check for: ulcers. abnormal cells. polyps.
- Must be put in SIMS position
conjunctivitis
Inflammation or infection of the outer membrane of the eyeball and the inner eyelid.
Explain SIMS position
Having a patient lie on their left side, left hip and lower extremity straight, and right hip and knee bent.
Cataracts vs. Glaucoma
A cataract- a change in the lens of the eye; results in cloudiness as light is prevented from entering the eye properly.
Glaucoma- a condition where a buildup of pressure in the eye causes damage to the optic nerve which is the vital link of the eye to the brain which processes visual information.
Ophthalmoscope vs. Otoscope
Otoscope- to examine the ear
Ophthalmoscope- to examine the eyes
What is the most specific type of hearing test?
Audiometry
A patient reads the line marked 20/50 with two errors. How would you chart this?
20/50-2
Near vision acuity testing is conducted with the patient holding the test card how far from their face?
14 inches from face in good lighting
How much time is given to a patient to identify the number on each Ishihara color plate?
3 seconds to answer each color plate
What is the name of the instrument used to examine the external ear canal? SPELL CORRECTLY
OTOSCOPE
What is the name of the instrument used to examine the interior of the eye? SPELL CORRECTLY
OPHTHALMOSCOPE
what is the function of a speculum?
to open a body orifice or cavity for viewing
Prognosis vs Diagnosis
P: guess as to the outcome of treatment
D: identifying the problem and giving it a name
What is the purpose for guaiac testing?
looks for hidden occult blood in stool
WNL
within normal limits
PRN
as needed
Trendelenburg position
In the Trendelenburg position- body is laid supine, or flat on the back with the feet elevated above the head
Ishihara test
color perception test for red-green color deficiencies
Snellen Chart
an eye chart that can be used to measure visual acuity
turgor
swelling/elasticity
UA
urinalysis
Why should charting always be done in black ink?
So it can’t be erased
Why should it never be erased or white out used?
Credibility is reduced if phycian or medical staff is involved in litigation
Sign
subjective and only apparent to the patient (headache/stomach pain/sore throat/itchy skin)
Symptom
objective and can be observed by others (fever, rash, swollen ankle, swollen tonsils)
How many can you get wrong on a given line on the Snellen chart?
2
How many can you fail on the Ishihara test before you fail the test?
3 or more
what two test can you do with the tuning fork?
Weber Test & Rinne test
What is the weber test?
put tuning fork on top of head and see if both sound can be hear the same out of both ears
where do you do the rinne test?
put on mastoid process
Guidelines to orthostatic bp
- can go up/down 20 mmHg
- diastolic can’t drop more than 10 mmHg
- pulse changes 20 bpm
what age is presbyopia detected around?
40 years
