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Clinical Procedures 1 > Exam #1 > Flashcards

Exam #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Microorganism

A

A microscopic plant or animal

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2
Q

Pathogen

A

A disease producing microorganism

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3
Q

Nonpathogen

A

A microorganism that does not normally produce disease

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4
Q

Transient Flora

A

Microorganisms that reside on the superficial skin layers and are picked up in the course of daily activities

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5
Q

Cilia

A

Slender, Hairlike processes that constantly beat toward the outside to remove microorganisms from the body

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6
Q

Susceptible Host

A

One that is capable of being infected by the pathogen; low resistance

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7
Q

Anaerobe

A

A microorganism that grows the best in the absence of oxygen

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8
Q

Aerobe

A

A microorganism that needs oxygen to live and grow

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9
Q

Exposure Incident

A

A specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from an employees duties

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10
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

Practices that are employed to inhibit the growth and hinder the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms

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11
Q

Disinfection

A

Using an agent to destroy pathogenic microorganisms

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12
Q

Sterilization

A

Process of destroying all forms of microbial life & bacterial spores

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13
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational Safety Health Administration

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14
Q

CDC

A

Center for Disease Control and Prevention

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15
Q

PPE

A

Personal Protective Equipment

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16
Q

OPIM

A

Other Potentially Infectious Material

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17
Q

Safer Medical Devices

A

Device that based on reasonable judgement, would make an an exposure incident involving a contaminated sharp less likely

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18
Q

Work Practice Control

A

Reduce the likelihood of exposure by altering the manner in which the technique is performed

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19
Q

Ergonomics

A

Study of maximizing work efficiency by adapting the work environment for optimal physical and mental function

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20
Q

Identify 4 types of microorganisms

A

Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Animal Parasites

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21
Q

6 Basic Requirements for growth and multiplication of microorganisms

A 
Proper Nutrition
Oxygen
Temperature
Darkness
Moisture 
pH
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22
Q

Advantages of hand sanitizers

A

More accessible than sinks, no rinsing, less time required for hand hygiene

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23
Q

What is PPE and give examples

A

Personal Protective Equipment

Ex: Gloves, Masks, goggles, gowns

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24
Q

A term used to describe a microorganism that produces disease is known as

A

Pathogen

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25
Q

Identify methods of transmission of microorganism(s) from one person to another

A

Direct contact with an infected person or discharge

Ex: Droplets of moisture, coughs, sneezes, contaminated hands and equipment

26
Q

When does the CDC recommend the use of soap and water to wash the hands?

A
  • When the hands are visibly soiled with dirt or bodily fluids
  • Before Eating
  • After Using the restroom
27
Q

Name 3 Factors that would influence one’s resistance to pathogens

A

Poor Hygiene
Poor Nutrition
Stress
Poor Health

28
Q

How is HIV transmitted?

A

Sexual Contact, Needles, Blood, Mother to infant, Breast Milk

29
Q

How is Hep B transmitted?

A

Blood, Sexual Contact, Mother to infant during childbirth

30
Q

Explain how to handle regulated medical waste

A

Separate regulated waste from the general refuse at its point of origin

Ensure that biohazard containers are closable, leakproof, and suitably constructed to contain the contents

Close lid of sharps container before removing it from exam room

Securely close biohazard bags before removing them from exam room

Transport full biohazard containers to secured area away from public

31
Q

Explain how to dispose of regulated medical waste

A

Place biohazard bags/sharps containers in receptacle provided by medical waste service

Store biohazard boxes in locked room inside facility

Tracking record completed when waste is picked up by medical waste service

32
Q

Are there any body fluids that are not considered OPIM?

A

Yes; urine, feces, tears, vomit, nasal secretions

33
Q

Common Household substance that is an inexpensive and effective germicide which will rapidly inactivate HIV

A

Household Bleach

34
Q

What is the most common side effect of the Hep B vaccine?

A

Soreness at injection site

35
Q

Protective Devices of the body that help prevent microorganisms from entering

A 
Coughing/Sneezing
Skin
Tears
Sweat
Mucous Membranes
36
Q

The most common source of contamination with HIV for health care workers

A

Being stuck with an HIV contaminated needle/sharp object

37
Q

What are the main risks for patients with chronic Hepatitis B?

A

Liver cancer,liver failure & cirrhosis

38
Q

What type of microorganism causes Hep B/HIV?

A

Virus

39
Q

Is there a vaccine for HIV?

A

Yes, not in the United States

40
Q

Is there a vaccine for Hep B?

A

Yes

41
Q

What is the schedule for administration of the Hep B vaccine?

A

0,1,6 months

42
Q

Purpose of OSHA’s Exposure Control Plan

A

Written document stipulating the protective measures that must be followed in that medical office to eliminate or minimize employee exposure to bloodborne pathogens and OPIM

43
Q

Purpose of OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogen Standard

A

To provide a safe working environment for health care workers

44
Q

Purpose of Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act

A

Aims to reduce needlesticks and the use of safer medical devices

45
Q

Engineering Control

A

All measures and devices that isolate or remove the blood borne pathogens hazard from the workplace

46
Q

Work Practice Control

A

Reduce the likelihood of exposure by altering the manner in which the technique is performed

47
Q

Occupational Exposure

A

Reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of an employees duties

48
Q

Post Exposure Prophylaxis

A

Treatment administered to an individual after exposure to an infectious disease, to prevent the disease

49
Q

Body Mechanics

A
  • Using your body efficiently and effectively
  • Maintain good body alignment and optimal use of muscles
  • Base of Support & Center of Gravity
50
Q

Ergonomics

A

Study of maximizing work efficiency by adapting the work environment for optimal physical and mental function

51
Q

List the guidelines for lifting and moving patients or something heavy

A 
Keep feet shoulder width apart
Use large muscles of legs--not back
Pivot the body-not just upper body
Pull or push rather than lift
Avoid lifting above your head-step stool
Hold heavy objects close to your body
Bend from the knees when lifting
52
Q

Guidelines for PPE

A

Alternative provided for employees allergic to latex
Replace gloves as soon as possible when contaminated
PPE must be removed before leaving medical office
Used PPE must be placed in appropriate designated area
PPE provided at no cost to employees
Utility gloves can be decontaminated/reused

53
Q

When to use Handwashing

A

Hands visibly soiled with dirt or bodily fluids
Before eating
After using restroom

54
Q

When to use Antiseptic Handwashing

A

Before assisting with minor office surgery

55
Q

When to use OH Based hand rub

A

Used to sanitize hands when they are not visibly soiled

56
Q

Precautions to prevent HIV infection of health care workers

A

Use PPE !!!

57
Q

Medical Asepsis definition

A

reduces number of organisms and prevents their spread

58
Q

Examples of Medical Asepsis

A

Ex: Hand Hygiene,PPE

59
Q

Surgical Asepsis definition

A

Includes procedures to remove all microorganisms from a specific area

60
Q

Examples of Surgical Asepsis

A

Ex: Sterilization of surgical instruments, sterile gloves

Clinical Procedures 1 (9 decks)

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