Vital Signs

Question 0

Normal body temperature

Answer 0

96-99.6 F

Question 1

What are the vital signs

Answer 1

Temperature, pulse, respiration & blood pressure

Question 2

Three phases in the course of a typical fever

Answer 2

Chills, hot stage, sweating

Question 3

When does febrile convulsions occur?

Answer 3

When temperature rapidly rises from normal to fever level

Question 4

What is Hot stage?

Answer 4

When temp reaches the set point fever

Question 5

Hyperparexia?

What does it possibly indicates?

Answer 5

Greater 105 -

Possibly damage to hypothalamus

Question 6

3 heat-hydration conditions,
signs,
symptoms.

Answer 6

Heat cramps - loss of Na; hypertonicity legs and abdomen.
Heat exhaustion - cold clammy, sweaty skin; heart & CNS become blood deprived; dizzines, weakness, headache.
Heat stroke - high temp w/ high humidity; hot dry skin; dyspnea, arrhythmia, dilated pupils, seizures, coma & death.

Question 7

Hypothermia

Answer 7

Body temp 95 or less

Question 8

Resting heart rate

Answer 8

60-90 per min

Question 9

Tachycardia

• physiologic
• pathologic

Answer 9

More than 100 per min

• normal response to exertion
• oxygen deficit (anemia, hemorrhage)

Question 10

3 common irregularities in heart rhythm:

Answer 10

1. Sinus arrhythmia - children; HR inc w/ inspiration, dec w/ expiration.
2. Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC’s) - occasional skipped beats; causes by early depolarizations
3. Atrial fibrillation - disorganized electrical activity. Rapid irregular ventricular response. Emergency

Question 11

What is pulse amplitude?

Normal scale?

Answer 11

Force

0-4. 2 is normal (light pressure does not stops the pulse)

Question 12

Heart pulse Contour

Answer 12

Smooth, domed shape waveform produces in healthy heart and arteries

Question 13

What does bilateral pulses are compared for?

Answer 13

Amplitude and contour

Question 14

What does strong radial and weak or absent femoral pulses suggests?

Answer 14

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 15

What does capillary refill time cheks?

Answer 15

Arterial compromise (compressed, constricted or obstructed)

Question 16

What is a Bruit?

Answer 16

A typically low pitch, pulses and relatively quite sound. It implies arterial compromise

Question 17

Respiration rate in normal adult

Answer 17

12-20 resp per min

Question 18

What is an auscultatory gap?

Answer 18

a transient period of silence of the Korotkoff sounds

Question 19

What are Korotkoff sounds?

Answer 19

Audible noises created by turbulent blood flow through a partially open lumen of the brachial artery. They change 4 times as the artery slowly opens.

Question 20

What is pulse pressure?

Answer 20

Difference between systolic and diastolic pressures.

Question 21

Systolic pressure range

Answer 21

100-140 mm Hg

Question 22

Diastolic pressure range

Answer 22

60-90 mm Hg

Question 23

Normal Pulse pressure

Answer 23

40 mm of Hg

Question 24

Average normal blood pressure

Answer 24

120/80 mm Hg

Question 25

Prehypertension

Answer 25

Systolic pressure between 120-139 mm Hg