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physical diagnosis > Lung > Flashcards

Lung Flashcards

0
Q

Rusty sputum is associated with ?

A

Pneumococcal Pneumonia

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1
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Bloody or bloody-stained sputum

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2
Q

The trachea bifurcates anteriorly at the level of ____

And posteriorly at the level of ______ .

A

2nd ICS

T3

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3
Q

The traditional lung exam procedures are?

A
  1. Inspection
  2. Palpation
  3. Fremitus
  4. Percussion
  5. Auscultation
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4
Q

What is the most effective functional lung assesment procedure?

A

Auscultation

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5
Q

Abnormal slow breathing

A

Bradypnea

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6
Q

Abnormal rapid, shallow breathing

A

Tachypnea

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7
Q

Inc. in depth of breathing

A

Hyperpnea

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8
Q

Shallow breathing

A

Hypopnea

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9
Q

Dyspnea initiated or aggravated by lying down

A

Orthopnea

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10
Q

Dyspnea initiated or aggravated when in the upright position

A

Platypnea

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11
Q

Prolonged periods between breaths

A

Apnea

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12
Q

Dyspnea provoked by minimal exertion

A

Exertional dyspnea

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13
Q

Alternating crescendo-decresendo breathing and apnea

A

Cheyne-Strokes breathing

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14
Q

A few deep breaths followed by a period of apnea

A

Biot respiration

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15
Q

Multiple unilateral rib fractures the fractured rib cage moves downward with inspiration instead of upwards like the other side

A

Flail chest.

This is assed during the Inspection procedure.

16
Q

Patient holds their chest in an attempt to limit movement as in pleurisy, bruised or cracked rib.

A

Respiratory splinting

17
Q

What lung conditions can cause increase vibration?

A

Lung consolidation as in lobar pneumonia

18
Q

What conditions can cause a decrease or absent vibration?

A

Pleural effusion or pneumothorax

19
Q

What can limit the movement of the diaphragm?

A

Emphysema, ascites, pregnancy or pain

20
Q

What are the five clinically useful percussion sounds?

A

Resonant, flat, dull, tympanic, and hyperresonant

21
Q

Flat or dull sound over lung field is:

A

Consolidation, pleural effusion, or large tumor.

22
Q

Hyperresonant sound over lung field is:

A

Hyperinflated alveoli as in advanced emphysema

23
Q

Tympanic sound over lung field is

A

Sudden or traumatic pneumothorax

24
Q

Excess mucus cause this added breath sound which is usually heard during inspiration.

A

Crackles

25
Q

Where are fine crackles heard? When?

A

Small airways (terminal airways) at the end of inspiration.

26
Q

What are wheezes? When are they heard? What causes them?

A

Squeaky, musical, whistling sounds.
During expiration.
Constricted airways.

27
Q

Grating, rubbing, crackling sounds heard on both inspiration and expiration

A

Friction rubs

physical diagnosis (7 decks)

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