Vital Signs

Question 1

homeostasis

Answer 1

the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.

-The bodies “steady state” is maintained by adaptive responses that promote healthy survival

Question 2

How many types of feedback mechanisms are there?

Answer 2

Two.
Negative
Positive

Question 3

True or false
The bodies feedback processes are predominantly positive

Answer 3

False. Mostly negative.

Question 4

Mechanisms for Homeostasis

Answer 4

-heartbeat
-blood pressure
-body temp
-respiratory rate
-electrolyte balance

Question 5

What are the vital signs?

Answer 5

-body temp
-pulse rate
-blood pressure
-respiratory rate
-mental state
-sensorium

Question 6

What is normal temperature?

Answer 6

97.7-99.9

Question 7

What are normal respirations for an adult?

Answer 7

12-20 breaths per minute

Question 8

What are normal respirations for a child?

Answer 8

20 to 30 breaths per minute

Question 9

What is normal pulse rate for an adult?

Answer 9

60 to 100 BPM

Question 10

What is a normal pulse rate for a child?

Answer 10

70 to 120 BPM

Question 11

What is normal blood pressure?

Answer 11

Systolic lesser than or equal to 120 mmHg
Diastolic lesser than or equal to 80 mmHg

Question 12

What does the negative feedback Loop do?

Answer 12

Reduces changes to bring body back to normal

Question 13

What does a positive feedback loop do?

Answer 13

Increase changes until specific goal is reached (childbirth, blood clot)

Question 14

What gland plays a role in preservation of heat (shivering) and regulation of heat loss (diaphoresis)

Answer 14

Hypothalamus

Question 15

What are the different ways of measuring body temperature?

Answer 15

-oral
-axillary
-tympanic (close to rectal measurement)
-temporal
-infrared
-rectal (1° higher than oral)

Question 16

What is the temperature that signifies hypothermia?

Answer 16

Below 97.6°F. It increases metabolic rate.

Question 17

What is the temperature that signifies hyperthermia?

Answer 17

Oral temperature higher than 100°F

Question 18

What is the temperature that signifies hyperthermia?

Answer 18

Oral temperature higher than 100°F

Question 19

What is the normal respiration rate for newborns?

Answer 19

30 to 60

Question 20

During inspiration the diaphragmatic muscles;

Answer 20

-move downward
-Push abdominal content
-Expand chest cavity
-Allow relaxation and air rushes in into lungs

Question 21

What is normal pulse rate for a newborn?

Answer 21

100-160 BPM

Question 22

In certain circumstances, where is the last place you can feel the pulse?

Answer 22

Carotid artery

Question 23

During CPR, typically pulse is measured at _______________

Answer 23

Carotid artery

Question 24

In critical care settings, pulse rate may be measured with a ___________ _____________.

Answer 24

Pulse oximeter

Question 25

Listening to heart via stethoscope over which side of the chest?

Answer 25

Left side

Question 26

What is the name for the pulse obtained by auscultation (listening to sounds of the body via stethoscope)?

Answer 26

Apical pulse

Question 27

What should oxygen saturation levels be at?

Answer 27

95% to 100%

Question 28

Cardiac ventricular contraction is ___________ ______________.

Answer 28

Systolic pressure

Question 29

Cardiac ventricular relaxation is ______________ _______________

Answer 29

Diastolic pressure

Question 30

What is normal value for systolic pressure?

Answer 30

Less than 120 mmHg

Question 31

What is the normal value for diastolic pressure?

Answer 31

Less than 80 mmHg

Question 32

What is blood pressure measured in?

Answer 32

Millimeters of mercury (mmHg)

Question 33

Blood pressure is typically over the _____________ _____________.

Answer 33

Brachial artery

Question 34

When taking blood pressure you inflate cuff to exceed ______________ _______________ in the artery

Answer 34

Systolic pressure

Question 35

When taking blood pressure measurement, you release air and cuff until pressure and cuff matches ______________ ________________.

Answer 35

systolic pressure

Question 36

When taking blood pressure, when no sounds are heard anymore the ______________ _____________ value has been reached

Answer 36

Diastolic pressure

Question 37

Define hypotension

Answer 37

Below normal blood pressure

Question 38

Define hypotension

Answer 38

Below normal blood pressure

Question 39

Define hypertension

Answer 39

Above normal blood pressure often referred to as “the silent killer” as patient is typically asymptomatic