Nonaseptic Technique

Question 1

What are the primary purposes of nasogastric (NG) tubes?

Answer 1

• Administration of medications
• Decompression of stomach gas
• Removal of stomach fluids
• Enteral feeding

Question 2

What are the common types of enemas?

Answer 2

• Tap water (hypotonic)
• Hypertonic (Fleet enema)
• Saline
• Oil retention
• Soapsuds solution

Question 3

What should be done to verify NG tube placement?

Answer 3

• Pulling back syringe of gastric fluid
• Injecting air and listening for ‘whooshing’ sound
• Performing X-ray fluoroscopy

Question 4

True or False: Double-lumen NG tubes can be clamped off.

Answer 4

False. Double-lumen tubes should never be clamped off.

Question 5

What position should a patient be in for NG tube insertion and why?

Answer 5

High Fowler position. This position helps facilitate the insertion process.

Question 6

Fill in the blank: Barium enema is administered to diagnose _______.

Answer 6

pathologic conditions of the colon or lower gastrointestinal tract

Question 7

What are the two designs of bedpans?

Answer 7

• Standard
• Fracture

Question 8

What is included in typical bowel preparation for colon studies?

Answer 8

• Stool softener
• Oil-based solution
• Low-residue diet
• Purgation with laxatives
• Hydration with clear liquids

Question 9

What should be done before removing an NG tube?

Answer 9

• Confirm patient ID
• Obtain informed consent
• Wash hands
• Turn off suction if in use

Question 10

What is the main advantage of a double-contrast barium enema?

Answer 10

Excellent for outlining colon mucosa.

Question 11

What is the role of patient education in barium enema procedures?

Answer 11

• Understanding the procedure
• Preparing mentally for the prep
• Knowing post-examination instructions

Question 12

What are common complications for colostomy patients?

Answer 12

• Wound infection

Question 13

What is the significance of hydration before a colon examination?

Answer 13

Hydration helps maintain fluid levels and blood pressure, and provides some degree of nutrition.

Question 14

Describe the procedure for a colostomy barium enema.

Answer 14

Contrast is administered through a stoma with the patient often assisting in the process.

Question 15

What is the typical sensitivity of colonoscopy for detecting colon lesions?

Answer 15

> 95% sensitivity

Question 16

What should be done if bowel perforation is suspected during a barium enema?

Answer 16

Use water-soluble iodine compounds (gastrografin) as the contrast media.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: Patients with an _______ present unique colon exam circumstances.

Answer 17

ostomy

Question 18

Where are NG tubes inserted?

Answer 18

Through the nasopharynx into the stomach.

Question 19

What is the safest type of enema for an infant?

Answer 19

Saline

Question 20

Fracture bedpans have a unique ___________-____________ design for easier placement.

Answer 20

wedge-shaped

Question 21

A double-contrast barium enema uses both barium (_____________ agent) and air (______________ agent) for better visualization.

Answer 21

Positive, negative

Question 22

True or False

Colonoscopy is diagnostic only

Answer 22

False. Diagnostic & therapeutic

Question 23

True or False.

Virtual colonoscopy is diagnostic only.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

True or False.

Sigmoidoscopy is therapeutic only

Answer 24

False. Diagnostic & therapeutic

Question 25

True or false.

Barium enemas are diagnostic & therapeutic

Answer 25

False. Diagnostic only

Question 26

Why is barium used as a contrast agent?

Answer 26

High atomic number for optimum contrast (Z#56)

Question 27

Why are double-contrast barium enemas popular?

Answer 27

To visualize bowel wall lining to check for polyps, mucosal irregularities, rectal bleeding, & cancer

Question 28

What is the patient position, to start, for double-contrast enema?

Answer 28

Prone. Table in Trendelenburg position slightly

Question 29

More air is administered to contrast with barium adhering to ____________ ____________.

Answer 29

Colon mucosa

Question 30

Important patient concerns regarding barium enemas

Answer 30

-keep tip firmly and rectum
-Relax, abdominal muscle muscles to reduce introabdominal pressure.
-Use deep, oral breathing to prevent spasms and cramps
-cramping may cause a cessation of procedure
-Try and take patients attention away from enema

Question 31

What is a loopogram?

Answer 31

Fluoroscopic study of the small bowel and colon through a skin-surface connection for the urinary bladder. Looks at urinary system.