Nonaseptic Technique Flashcards
What are the primary purposes of nasogastric (NG) tubes?
- Administration of medications
- Decompression of stomach gas
- Removal of stomach fluids
- Enteral feeding
What are the common types of enemas?
- Tap water (hypotonic)
- Hypertonic (Fleet enema)
- Saline
- Oil retention
- Soapsuds solution
What should be done to verify NG tube placement?
- Pulling back syringe of gastric fluid
- Injecting air and listening for ‘whooshing’ sound
- Performing X-ray fluoroscopy
True or False: Double-lumen NG tubes can be clamped off.
False. Double-lumen tubes should never be clamped off.
What position should a patient be in for NG tube insertion and why?
High Fowler position. This position helps facilitate the insertion process.
Fill in the blank: Barium enema is administered to diagnose _______.
pathologic conditions of the colon or lower gastrointestinal tract
What are the two designs of bedpans?
- Standard
- Fracture
What is included in typical bowel preparation for colon studies?
- Stool softener
- Oil-based solution
- Low-residue diet
- Purgation with laxatives
- Hydration with clear liquids
What should be done before removing an NG tube?
- Confirm patient ID
- Obtain informed consent
- Wash hands
- Turn off suction if in use
What is the main advantage of a double-contrast barium enema?
Excellent for outlining colon mucosa.
What is the role of patient education in barium enema procedures?
- Understanding the procedure
- Preparing mentally for the prep
- Knowing post-examination instructions
What are common complications for colostomy patients?
- Wound infection
What is the significance of hydration before a colon examination?
Hydration helps maintain fluid levels and blood pressure, and provides some degree of nutrition.
Describe the procedure for a colostomy barium enema.
Contrast is administered through a stoma with the patient often assisting in the process.
What is the typical sensitivity of colonoscopy for detecting colon lesions?
> 95% sensitivity
What should be done if bowel perforation is suspected during a barium enema?
Use water-soluble iodine compounds (gastrografin) as the contrast media.
Fill in the blank: Patients with an _______ present unique colon exam circumstances.
ostomy
Where are NG tubes inserted?
Through the nasopharynx into the stomach.
What is the safest type of enema for an infant?
Saline
Fracture bedpans have a unique ___________-____________ design for easier placement.
wedge-shaped
A double-contrast barium enema uses both barium (_____________ agent) and air (______________ agent) for better visualization.
Positive, negative
True or False
Colonoscopy is diagnostic only
False. Diagnostic & therapeutic
True or False.
Virtual colonoscopy is diagnostic only.
True
True or False.
Sigmoidoscopy is therapeutic only
False. Diagnostic & therapeutic
True or false.
Barium enemas are diagnostic & therapeutic
False. Diagnostic only
Why is barium used as a contrast agent?
High atomic number for optimum contrast (Z#56)
Why are double-contrast barium enemas popular?
To visualize bowel wall lining to check for polyps, mucosal irregularities, rectal bleeding, & cancer
What is the patient position, to start, for double-contrast enema?
Prone. Table in Trendelenburg position slightly
More air is administered to contrast with barium adhering to ____________ ____________.
Colon mucosa
Important patient concerns regarding barium enemas
-keep tip firmly and rectum
-Relax, abdominal muscle muscles to reduce introabdominal pressure.
-Use deep, oral breathing to prevent spasms and cramps
-cramping may cause a cessation of procedure
-Try and take patients attention away from enema
What is a loopogram?
Fluoroscopic study of the small bowel and colon through a skin-surface connection for the urinary bladder. Looks at urinary system.
