Biomechanics Ch13 Flashcards
What are the four factors that account for the reduction of injuries during patient handling?
- Proper lifting techniques
- Effective communication
- Teamwork during transfers
- Use of assistive devices
These factors help enhance safety and efficiency in patient handling.
What does the term ‘body mechanics’ refer to in the context of patient handling?
The concepts of body mechanics are used in moving and handling a patient safely and efficiently.
Body mechanics involve maintaining proper posture and alignment while performing tasks.
What is orthostatic hypotension?
A sudden drop in blood pressure caused by a change in a patient’s body position.
Symptoms include dizziness, fainting, blurred vision, and slurred speech.
What are the basic principles of proper lifting and transfer techniques?
- Keep back straight
- Bend at the knees
- Use legs for lifting
- Inform the patient before proceeding
- Allow ample time and handle gently
These principles help reduce the risk of injury during patient transfers.
List the four types of wheelchair-to-bed transfers.
- Standby assist
- Assisted standing pivot
- Two-person lift
- Hydraulic lift
Each transfer type is suited for different patient abilities and needs.
What is a standard cart transfer procedure?
Ensure cart wheels are locked, allow patient assistance, and position transfer surfaces side by side and at the same height.
Using transfer aids is also recommended to facilitate the transfer.
What are the five standard patient positions?
- Supine
- Prone
- Lateral
- Sims
- Fowler
Each position serves a specific purpose in patient care and treatment.
True or False: A wider base of support improves stability.
True
A wider stance enhances balance and reduces the risk of falls.
What is the center of gravity?
A hypothetical area of the body where the mass of the body is concentrated, typically at the level of the second sacral segment.
Proper positioning of the center of gravity over the base of support enhances stability.
Fill in the blank: When lifting patients, keep the back ______ and let the legs do all of the lifting.
stationary
This technique minimizes the risk of back injury.
What should be done to minimize the severity of orthostatic hypotension?
Have the patient stand slowly and encourage them to talk during the transfer.
Communication can help the patient remain calm and aware.
What is the role of teamwork in transfer techniques?
Teamwork involves having a designated leader who controls timing and synchronizes transfer events.
This coordination is crucial for safe and efficient patient handling.
What are hydraulic lifts used for?
They are used when patients are too heavy to lift manually, utilizing hydraulic fluid to handle extreme weights.
Familiarity with the lift’s features is essential for safe operation.
What is a standby-assist transfer?
A transfer used for patients who can transfer from a wheelchair to a table on their own with minimal assistance.
Continuous movement instructions should be provided to the patient during this transfer.
What can cause skin damage during patient transfers?
Mechanical factors and differences in surface types may lead to skin damage during transfers.
Elderly patients are particularly vulnerable to such injuries.
