Visual Perception

Question 1

hypothesis

Answer 1

it can be predicted that…
- use participants and info given
eg. It can be predicted that children who watch violent films will have a higher level of heart rate and blood pressure than children watching non-violent films.

Question 2

independent vs dependent variable

Answer 2

independent variable- manipulated
dependent variable- measured
(nothing affects the independent variable)

Question 3

extraneous variable

Answer 3

any factor that is not the independent variable which can affect the experiments dependent variable
-situational
-participant
-experiementer
eg. time of day
can be controlled by.. eg. consistency

Question 4

random allocation

Answer 4

used to place participants in groups so they are as likely to be in one group as the other.

Question 5

experimental group

Answer 5

exposed to the IV

Question 6

control group

Answer 6

is NOT exposed to the IV

Question 7

attention

Answer 7

the process of focusing on specific stimuli or aspects of the sensory environment whilst ignoring and therefore excluding others.

Question 8

sustained attention

Answer 8

maintenance of attention on a specific stimulus or task for a continuous period of time without being distracted

Question 9

divided attention

Answer 9

ability to distribute our attention so that two or more activities may be performed simultaneously.

Question 10

selective attention

Answer 10

choosing and attending to a specific stimulus whilst at the same time excluding other stimuli

Question 11

factors that influence wther we pay attention to stimulus

Answer 11

if a stimulus is of personal importance we become more likely to notice and attend to it

Question 12

conclusion

Answer 12

a decision about what the results obtained from a research investigaton
-was the hypothesis supported?
-what were the results?

Question 13

visual perception

Answer 13

the process by why we interpret and give meaning to sensory information

Question 14

biological- vis perception

Answer 14

depth cues- monocular and bionocular

Question 15

psychological- vis perception

Answer 15

gestalt principles
perceptual set
context
motivation
past experiences
memory

Question 16

social- vis perception

Answer 16

culture

Question 17

depth cues

Answer 17

sources of external cues or internal cues that help us perceive how far away objects are and therefore percieve depth

Question 18

binocular vs monocular

Answer 18

use of 2 vs 1 eye
binocular-
convergence
retinal disparity
monocular-
accomodation
linear perspective
interposition
texture gradient
relative size
height in the visual field

Question 19

convergence

Answer 19

changes in tension in the eyes involving the brain detecting and interpreting depth. the greater tension in the eyes when the object is close and less tension when the object gets further away

Question 20

retinal disparity

Answer 20

slight difference in location of the images on the retina due to the eyes being slightly apart

Question 21

accommodation

Answer 21

the automatic adjustment of the shape on the lens to focus on an object in response to changes in how far away the object is. The lens bulges for close objects and elongates for far objects.

Question 22

linear perspective

Answer 22

the apparent convergence of actual or imagined parallel lines as they recede into the distance

Question 23

interposition

Answer 23

occurs when one object partially blocks or covers another, and he partially blocked object is percieved as further away than the object that obscures it

Question 24

texture gradient

Answer 24

the gradual reduction of the detail that occurs in an object or surface as it recedes into the distance, compared with an object or surface that is close and perceived in fine detail.

Question 25

relative size

Answer 25

refers to the tendency to visually percieve the object that produces the largest image on the retina as being closer, and the object that produces the smallest image on the retina as being further away

Question 26

height in the visual field

Answer 26

refers to the location of objects in our field of vision, whereby objects that are located closer to the horizon are perceived as being more distant than objects located further from the horizon

Question 27

depth perception

Answer 27

it is important as it allows us to see objects in 3 dimensions aswell as its distance and size.

Question 28

pictorial cues

Answer 28

arts use them extensively to determine depth in artork