Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroscience 1 > Vision part 2 > Flashcards

Vision part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

blindsight

A

the paradoxical presence of visual abilities in the absence of the visual cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the patient claims to be blind but respond to visual stimuli they don’t consciously see

A

blindsight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

people can guide hand movements toward an object even though they can’t see what they’re reaching for

A

blindsight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is blindsight mediated?

A

by mechanisms in the superior colliculus that continue to get input from the retina.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

People can unconsciously read emotion and mimic it without seeing it happen

A

blindsight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

people can move around obstacles without seeing them

A

blindsight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the primary visual cortex

A
  • V 1
  • aka striate cortex
  • first place in the cortex to receive visual information
  • 6 layered structure
  • bilateral (left and right side)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

layer 4

A
  • in V1
  • the critical layer that receives information from the LGN
  • all synapses of LGN happen here
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is something that the LGN, superior colliculus, and V1 all have in common?

A

the V1 has a retinotopic map of the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

cortical magnification

A
  • some areas of the retina take up more space on V1 than others
  • the fovea is 1% of the retina but is represented on over 50% of the V1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does the fovea represent?

A

it represents the place where the left and right V1s meet in the middle of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

V4

A
  • orientation, spatial frequency, and color

- some V4 cells produce strong responses to concentric, radial, or color stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

fusiform face area

A
  • FFA
  • faces and other objects that require expertise
  • in temporal lobe
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

prosopagnosia

A
  • inability to recognize faces
  • damage to FFA
  • face blindness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where is the superior colliculi located?

A

at the top of the brainstem, just beneath the thalamus on each side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does the superior colliculus receive?

A
  • light information from the contralateral retina

- also input from other sensory systems (allows us to orient the direction of a sound or touch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the main function of the superior colliculus?

A

control of rapid eye movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the superior colliculus necessary for?

A

smooth pursuit and saccades

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

saccades

A

fast movements when you’re looking at one object to the next

20
Q

approximately ____ of ___ ganglion cells synapse in the _____, but the other ____ go to the _____

A 
90%
retinal
LGN
10%
superior colliculus
21
Q

simple cortical cells

A
  • in V1
  • detect edges/bars in specific size and orientations
  • help us determine the shape of objects in visual field
22
Q

complex cortical cells

A
  • in V1

- respond best to a bar of a particular width and orientation that is in motion anywhere in the visual field

23
Q

Lateral Geniculate Nucleus

A
  • LGN
  • relays visual information from the optic nerve to the visual cortex
  • 6 layers
24
Q

magnocellular cells

A
  • in LGN
  • form movement, depth, and brightness
  • each layer receives info from only one eye
25
Q

parvocellular layers

A
  • in LGN
  • color
  • fine details
  • each layer receives info from only one eye
26
Q

koniocellular layers

A
  • in LGN
  • blue color
  • each layer receives info from only one eye
27
Q

V2

A
  • adjacent/wraps around V1

- detects textures (in visual environment), patterns, and illusory boundaries

28
Q

Dorsal stream

A
  • assesses the location of objects
  • guides out movement towards objects
  • “where”
29
Q

where is the dorsal stream located

A

parietal lobe

30
Q

what are the 2 main processing streams that originate in the primary visual cortex and pass through the secondary cortex?

A

dorsal and ventral stream

31
Q

optix ataxia

A
  • damage to dorsal stream

- difficulty using vision to reach for and grasp objects

32
Q

ventral stream

A
  • identifying objects

- “what”

33
Q

where is the ventral stream located

A

temporal lobe

34
Q

what is the main input for ventral stream

A

main input from parvocellular layer of LGN and fovea

35
Q

where does the parvocellular layer receive most of its information from?

A

cones

36
Q

what does damage to the ventral stream cause?

A

problems in perceiving faces and objects

37
Q

where does the dorsal stream get its information from?

A
  • visual input from across the retina
38
Q

what happens once information leaves the second visual area?

A
  • information is split up into the dorsal and ventral streams
39
Q

where is the LGN located?

A

in the thalamus

40
Q

what does each neuron in each layer of the LGN show?

A

retinotopic organization

41
Q

what other cortical layers are involved in the perception of form?

A

V2, V4, and the inferior temporal lobe

42
Q

V5

A
  • aka media temporal area (MT)

- specialized for motion perception

43
Q

what does the V1 perceive? what is it necessary for?

A
  • perceives objects and events

- necessary in forming mental images

44
Q

where is the parahippocampal place area located?

A

in the temporal lobe

45
Q

When does the PPA activate?

A

when you see scenes and backgrounds

46
Q

what does the PPA contribute to forming?

A

the context of visual scenes

Neuroscience 1 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions