Movement part 2 (II) Flashcards
corticobulbar tract
controls movements of face, tongue, and eye muscles (all movement of face)
trigeminal
CN5
move face
LMN for corticobulbar
facial
CN7
move face muscles
LMN for corticobulbar
glossopharyngeal
CN9
throat
LMN for corticobulbar
vagus
CN10
throat and palate
LMN for corticobulbar
Spinal accessory
CN11
neck and shoulder muscles
LMN for corticobulbar
hypoglossal
CN12
tongue
LMN for corticobulbar
cerebral cortex
controls body muscles via commands sent through corticospinal system
lateral corticospinal tract
- corticospinal system
- movements of distal limbs
ventral corticospinal tract
- corticospinal system
- movements of upper legs, trunk, arms
which tract is important for locomotion and posture?
ventral corticospinal
chorea
- brief, involuntary movement
- HD
dystonia
- abnormal postures
- HD
HD
degeneration of striatal MSNs containing dopamine D2 receptors
inhibition for HD
GABA
excitation for HD
glutamate
PD
loss of nigrostriatal DA projection
tremor
- shaking
- PD
bradykinesia
- slow movement or inability to produce movement at all
- PD
Rigidity
- results in shuffling of feet to move
- PD
cerebellum
- receives information from the motor cortex about an intended movement.
- determines the timing of muscular contractions
the cerebellum uses information from the vestibular system to…
- maintain posture and balance
- refine movements
- control eye movements that compensate for head movements
motor sequences
supplementary motor area
begins programming movement
premotor cortex
uses information about body and world to select movement and target
prefrontal cortex
modulation/smoothing
cerebellum
movement execution
primary motor cortex
body information such as limb positions
primary somatosensory cortex
body part locations
posterior parietal cortex
as movement proceeds, cerebellum receives proprioceptive signals about the actual motor performance from the vestibular system
cerebellum
receives a copy of movement plan that muscles will receive from motor cortex
cerebellum
sends corrective signals to cortex and brainstem when there are errors or deviation from the original plan
cerebellum
