vision, hearing, smell and taste

Question 1

epidermis

Answer 1

the top layer of your skin which produces new skin cells, giving your skin its colour and protecting your body

Question 2

dermis

Answer 2

the second layer of your skin that contains your sensory receptors and nerve endings; it also produces sweat, grows hair, makes oil and brings blood to your skin

Question 3

subcutaneous fat

Answer 3

the bottom layer of your skin that protects your muscles and bones from bumps and falls and controls your body temperature

Question 4

iris

Answer 4

ring-shaped coloured part of your eye surrounding the pupil

Question 5

Pupil

Answer 5

opening in the iris

Question 6

cornea

Answer 6

a transparent layer in the front of your eye that covers the iris and pupil

Question 7

lens

Answer 7

part of the eye behind the pupil that helps to focus light rays into a clear, sharp image

Question 8

retina

Answer 8

a thin layer of light-sensitive cells in the back of your eye

Question 9

cones

Answer 9

light-sensitive cells in the retina that allow you to see colour in bright light

Question 10

rods

Answer 10

light-sensitive cells in the retina that allow you to see grey or black-and-white images in dim light

Question 11

fovea

Answer 11

the most sensitive part of the retina, right across the lens, which contains many cones

Question 12

optic nerve

Answer 12

the nerve of the eye that transmits nerve impulses to the brain

Question 13

blind spot

Answer 13

the spot where the optic nerve enters the eye; it does not contain light-sensitive cells

Question 14

sclera

Answer 14

the white, outer covering of the eye

Question 15

vitreous body

Answer 15

jelly-like fluid inside the eye which helps give the eye its shape

Question 16

ciliary muscles

Answer 16

muscles that control the shape of the lens

Question 17

short-sighted

Answer 17

objects close by are seen more clearly than objects far away

Question 18

long-sighted

Answer 18

distant objects are clearer than objects close by

Question 19

outer ear

Answer 19

outermost part of the ear, from the pinna to the eardrum

Question 20

middle ear

Answer 20

middle part of the ear: from the eardrum to the stirrup

Question 21

inner ear

Answer 21

innermost part of the ear: from the stirrup to the auditory nerve

Question 22

pinna

Answer 22

funnel-shaped part of the outer ear made of skin and cartilage

Question 23

ear canal

Answer 23

tube inside the ear that directs sound from the pinna to the eardrum

Question 24

eardrum

Answer 24

the membrane of the middle ear, which vibrates in response to sound waves

Question 25

hammer

Answer 25

tiny bone in the middle ear that picks up the vibration from the eardrum

Question 26

anvil

Answer 26

tiny bone in the middle ear that picks up the vibration from the hammer

Question 27

stirrup

Answer 27

tiny bone in the middle ear that picks up the vibration from the anvil and sends it to the cochlea

Question 28

cochlea

Answer 28

shell-shaped hollow tube of the inner ear where sensory receptors convert vibrations into nerve impulses

Question 29

auditory nerve

Answer 29

the nerve of the ear that transmits nerve impulses to the brain

Question 30

eustachian tube

Answer 30

tube that connects the middle ear to the throat

Question 31

semicircular canals

Answer 31

part of the inner ear that detect the direction of movement and acceleration and help maintain your balance

Question 32

nasal cavity

Answer 32

hollow area inside your nose and part of your skull

Question 33

olfactory cells

Answer 33

sensory receptors high up in the nasal cavity that can detect many different odours

Question 34

taste buds

Answer 34

specialised sensory receptors covering your tongue

Question 35

umami

Answer 35

an essential chemical that all living things need to survive; it is found in meat, seafood, tofu, tomatoes and aged cheese