chapter 2 keywords

Question 1

circulatory system

Answer 1

organ system made of the heart and blood vessels, used to transport substances

Question 2

chamber

Answer 2

area inside the heart

Question 3

atrium

Answer 3

one of two upper chambers inside the heart

Question 4

ventricle

Answer 4

one of the 2 lower chambers inside the heart

Question 5

tricuspid valve

Answer 5

the valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle

Question 6

bicuspid valve

Answer 6

the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle

Question 7

pulmonary valve

Answer 7

the valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary vein

Question 8

aortic valve

Answer 8

the valve between the left ventricle and the aorta

Question 9

septum

Answer 9

the wall between the left and right sides of the heart

Question 10

pacemaker

Answer 10

a group of cells controlling the rhythm of contraction and relaxation of the heart

Question 11

coronary circulation

Answer 11

the flow of blood to and from the cardiac tissue

Question 12

pulmonary circulation

Answer 12

the flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

Question 13

systemic circulation

Answer 13

the flow of blood from the heart to all other organs and back to the heart

Question 14

veins

Answer 14

blood vessels that transport blood to the heart

Question 15

arteries

Answer 15

blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart

Question 16

oxygenated blood

Answer 16

blood that contains a lot of oxygen (and almost no carbondioxide)

Question 17

deoxygenated blood

Answer 17

blood that contains a lot of carbon dioxide (and almost no oxygen)

Question 18

pulmonary veins

Answer 18

the veins that transport blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Question 19

pulmonary arteries

Answer 19

the arteries that transport blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Question 20

aorta

Answer 20

the biggest artery in your body; it transports blood from the left ventricle towards all organs accept the lungs

Question 21

superior vena cava

Answer 21

the vein that transports blood from your upper body to the right atrium

Question 22

inferior vena cava

Answer 22

the vein that transports your lower body blood
to the right atrium

Question 23

capillaries

Answer 23

small blood vessels that connect arteries with veins

Question 24

blood pressure

Answer 24

the pressure put on the walls of your arteries by the blood

Question 25

systole

Answer 25

the blood pressure when the ventricles contract and blood is pushed away from the heart

Question 26

diastole

Answer 26

the blood pressure when the ventricles relax and fill up with a new portion of blood

Question 27

hypertension

Answer 27

continued high blood pressure

Question 28

stroke

Answer 28

a condition where one of the arteries that transport blood to the brain is blocked or ruptured

Question 29

atherosclerosis

Answer 29

a condition when fatty materials are deposited on the inside walls of arteries

Question 30

heart attack

Answer 30

a condition when the blood flow inside the cardiac tissue is blocked

Question 31

plasma

Answer 31

the yellow, liquid part of blood

Question 32

red blood cells

Answer 32

blood cells responsible for oxygen transport

Question 33

platelets

Answer 33

tiny fragments of blood cells responsible for blood clotting

Question 34

phagocyte

Answer 34

type of white blood cell that can engulf and destroy invaders such as bacteria

Question 35

lymphocyte

Answer 35

type of white blood cell that can make antibodies

Question 36

immune

Answer 36

being protected from getting ill because your lymphocytes remember how to make specific antibodies against a harmful germ

Question 37

fibrinogen

Answer 37

a substance in your blood that assists in blood clot formation

Question 38

fibrin

Answer 38

sticky thread-like fibers that form a net across a wound

Question 39

clot

Answer 39

a network of platelets, plasma and blood cells

Question 40

scab

Answer 40

a dried-up clot that covers a wound

Question 41

haemophilia

Answer 41

a disease that prevents blood from clotting properly

Question 42

blood transfusion

Answer 42

a process by which blood cells or plasma is given to a patient

Question 43

blood group

Answer 43

one out of four general types of blood; A, B, AB or 0

Question 44

antibody

Answer 44

substance made by lymphocytes that can surround and stick to invaders so that the phagocytes can engulf them

Question 45

tissue fluid

Answer 45

fluid that fills up the spaces between the cells that make up a tissue

Question 46

antigen

Answer 46

chemical tags on cells such as red blood cells

Question 47

lymph

Answer 47

fluid inside a lymph vessel

Question 48

lymph vessel

Answer 48

a tube that transports lymph inside the lymphatic system

Question 49

lymph capillary

Answer 49

a very small lymph vessel that is surrounded by tissue

Question 50

lymph node

Answer 50

a bean-shaped organ that is found at junctions throughout the lymphatic system, where lymph is filtered