Vision Flashcards
Anatomy of the eye
The retina-innermost layer of tissue containing millions of rods and cones cornea pupil lense rods-grays and night vision cones-color optic disc (blind spot) optic nerve fovea-best vision using cones Parafovea-best night vision
The visual field
The total visual field is about 160 to 170° depending on the person. the central 3° is used for focal vision and the rest is used for peripheral vision
Focal vision
Central and used to Recognize and identify objects with cones
Peripheral vision
Ambient and is used primarily to orient oneself relative to the environment with a little color vision using rods
Physiological and perceptual limitations
Visual contrast. Shapes of targets. Movement of a target. Environmental conditions. Empty field myopia.
MAC
Mid air collision avoidance
Total reaction time is 4.6 seconds
Scanning technique
Series of short regularly spaced eye fixations approximately 120° horizontally by 40° vertically
Majority of midair collisions occur under
12,500 feet MSL
Majority of birdstrikes occur below
2000 feet AGL
Daytime visual illusions physical factors
False horizons due to issues such as sloping cloud layers, rising or sloping terrain and hazy or foggy weather
Visual illusions perceptual factors
Abnormal Runway width or length resulting in correct or incorrect glideslope’s
Laser awareness
Crew laser eye protection and sensor protection filters
L. A. S. E. R
Light amplification by the stimulated emission of radiation
Collimation or directionality
Refers to how strait the beam propagates without spreading
Laser hazards
Damage to the retina
