Intro And Atmosphere Flashcards
Functions of the atmosphere
Contains oxygen.
shields from cosmic and uv radiation.
Precipitation helps maintain temperature and climate.
Gases of the atmosphere and their relative percentages
78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
1% Other (Includes .003% CO2)
Define atmosphere
Gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth
Common units for measuring atmospheric pressure
PPSI (Pounds per square inch)
mmHG (millimeters of mercury)
inHg (inches of mercury)
Pressure is defined as
Force/area
US standard atmosphere at sea level
+15C
14.7 psi
760mmHg
29.92 inHg
Physiological zone altitude
Sea level to 10,000
Physiological deficient zone
10,000 ft to 50,000ft
Space equivalent zone
Above 50,000
List the various gas laws
Partial pressure Dalton's law Boyles law Henry's law Gaseous diffusion Charles law
Standard temperature lapse rate
2C or 3.6F
Layers of the atmosphere
Troposphere Tropopause Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere
Partial pressure
Amount of pressure that a single gas out of a mixture contributes to the total pressure. Shown as P02, PC02, PN2
Dalton’s law
Despite less pressure at altitude, the percentage of gases remains the same as their percentage at sea level.
Boyles law
Volume of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure surrounding it. Gas expands at altitude.
Henry’s law
The amount of gas in a solution varies directly with the partial pressure of that gas over the solution.
If pressure is reduced about a solution some gas will come out of the solution.
The law of gaseous diffusion
Gas travels from areas of high pressure to low pressure until an equilibrium is established.
Charles law
When volume is constant, pressure of a gas increases or decreases proportionally to changes in temperature
