Vision 2

Question 1

What two tests may be used to test visual fields?

Answer 1

Testing by confrontation or automated perimetry

Question 2

Describe the translation of objects onto your retina

Answer 2

Upside down and inverted

Question 3

What muscle is responsible for concentrating on near objects?

Answer 3

Ciliaris

Question 4

What are the two types of eye muscle?

Answer 4

Intrinsic and extrinsic

Question 5

What are the function of intrinsic eye muscles?

Answer 5

Controls pupil diameter and helps alter curvature of the eye to enable us to see near objects

Question 6

What is the function of extrinsic muscles?

Answer 6

Movement of the eye

Question 7

Where is the ciliaris muscle located?

Answer 7

In the ciliary body

Question 8

What innervates the ciliaris muscle?

Answer 8

CN III (Parasympathetic fibres)

Question 9

What two muscles control the diameter of the pupil aperture?

Answer 9

Constrictor pupilae and dilator pupilae

Question 10

Where is the CP muscle located?

Answer 10

At the pupillary border

Question 11

What is the innervation of the CP muscle?

Answer 11

CN III (Parasympathetic fibres)

Question 12

Where is the DP muscle located?

Answer 12

Radially running in the iris

Question 13

What is the innervation of the DP muscle?

Answer 13

Innervated by sympathetic fibres from plexus around blood vessels

Question 14

Name the extrinsic muscles of the eye

Answer 14

1. SR
2. IR
3. MR
4. LR
5. SO
6. IO

Question 15

Where do the rectify muscles arise from?

Answer 15

Arise from the apex of the orbit and form a fibrous ring

Question 16

Where do the recti muscles attach to?

Answer 16

The sclera anteriorly

Question 17

Where does the superior oblique arise from?

Answer 17

From the roof of the orbit posteriorly

Question 18

Where does the inferior muscle arise from?

Answer 18

The floor of the orbit anteriorly

Question 19

Where do the oblique muscles insert onto?

Answer 19

The posterior of the sclera

Question 20

What small muscle lies just superiorly to the superior oblique?

Answer 20

Levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) which runs to the upper eyelid

Question 21

What is the medical word for squint?

Answer 21

Strabismus

Question 22

What two types of strabismus are there?

Answer 22

Estropia (convergent) and estropia (divergent)

Question 23

What are the two functional consequences of strabismus?

Answer 23

Amblyopia (lazy eye) and/or diplopia

Question 24

Describe the afferent and efferent limbs of the pupillary light reflex

Answer 24

Afferent - CN II

Efferent - CN III

Question 25

What is anisocoria?

Answer 25

Different pupillary diameters on reaction with light