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Systems 2 - The Nervous System > Cerebral Hemispheres > Flashcards

Cerebral Hemispheres Flashcards

1
Q

What are the lobes in the cerebrum?

A

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal

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2
Q

What are the sulci in the cerebral hemispheres called?

A

Central sulcus

Lateral sulcus

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3
Q

What is Brodmann areas?

A

Cortical mapping of cortex in 52 areas

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4
Q

What is area 4?

A

Precentral gyrus in frontal lobe: primary motor cortex

Represents contralateral half of body

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5
Q

What are areas 44 and 45?

A

Inferior frontal gyrus in frontal lobe

Broca’s area of motor speech: production of speech

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6
Q

What is the function of prefrontal cortex?

A

cognitive functions of higher order: intellect, judgement, prediction, planning

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7
Q

What are areas 1, 2 + 3?

What is the function?

A

Post-central gyrus in parietal lobe
Primary sensory area
Receives sensation from contralateral half of body

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8
Q

What is the function of superior parietal lobe?

A

Interprets general sensory info + awareness of contralateral half of body

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9
Q

What is the function of inferior parietal lobe?

A

In dominant hemisphere - language

Interprets visual + auditory associations

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10
Q

What abnormalities can occur due to parietal lobe lesion?

A

Hemisensory neglect
Right-left agnosia
Acalculi
Agraphia

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11
Q

What is hemisensory neglect?

A

Neglect to one side of vision (unable to process stimuli)

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12
Q

What is Right-left agnosia?

A

Inability to interpret sensation

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13
Q

What is acalculi?

A

Loss of simple maths ability

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14
Q

What is agraphia?

A

Loss of writing ability

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15
Q

What are areas 41 + 42?

A

Superior Temporal gyrus- primary auditory cortex

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16
Q

What is Wernicke’s area?

A

In dominant hemisphere of temporal lobe - responsible for understanding speech

17
Q

What are the functions of the temporal lobe?

A

Primary auditory cortex
Understanding speech
Forming new memories

18
Q

What is the clinical significance of damage to the temporal lobe?

A

-In dominant lobe - Wernicke’s (receptive) aphasia: can’t understand speech, can speak fluently but isn’t aware of mistakes

  • Impaired memory
  • Visual agnosia: difficulty identifying familiar objects
  • Temporal lobe epilepsy
19
Q

What is area 17 (occipital lobe)?

A

Primary visual cortex

20
Q

What are the functions of area 18 + 19 (occipital lobe)?

A

visual association cortex, concerned with interpretation of visual images

21
Q

What structures form the limbic lobe?

What is the function of the limbic lobe?

A

Cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and the amygdala
Memory and emotional aspects of behaviour

22
Q

What is Broca’s aphasia?

A

Damage to frontal lobe

Understands speech, Difficulty forming speech (misses words - aware of difficulties)

Systems 2 - The Nervous System (14 decks)

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