Virus Flashcards
Human papilloma virus associated diseases
Hpv 1 2 6 11 - benign warts
16 and 18 cervical anogenital and oropharyngeal carcinoma
Why is HPV oncogenic?
Because it has oncoproteins E6 and E7 which target p53 and pRb tumour suppressor pathways
Increased mutations and cancer
What is molluscum contagiosum?
Pox virus infection
Umbilicated flesh papules
Epidermal hyperplasia with eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions
All DNA. Viruses are double stranded except?
Parvo virus which is ss
All dna viruses have linear genomes except
Polyoma
Papilloma
Hepadna partially circular dsdna
Name the enveloped DNA VIRUSES
HHP
Herpes
Hepadna Pox
Name the non enveloped DNA Viruses
Polyoma
Papilloma
Parvo
Adeno
All DNA Viruses get their envelope from plasma membrane while budding except
Herpes which gets env from nuclear membrane
All DNA viruses replicate in nucleus except
Pox virus
Which replicates in cytoplasm
Because it has its own dna dependent rna polymerase
Diseases of polyoma virus
JC VIRUS- pml in hiv or immunosuppressed
BK VIRUS- transplant patient causes nephropathy
Hsv -1 is latent in which ganglia
Trigeminal ganglia
Causes sporadic encephalitis
Hsv 2 is latent in which ganglia
Sacral ganglia because it causes herpes genitalis
Viral meningitis is more common with hsv 2 than 1
What causes neonatal herpes
Hsv 2
What causes herpetic whitlow on finger
Hsv 1
What causes face mouth eye herpes temporal lobe encephalitis and esophagitis
Erythema multiforme
Hsv 1
What are herpes virus 3 4 5
VZV 3
EBV 4
CMV 5
How does ebv infecf
Respiratory secretions kissing disease in teens
Infects B CELLS BY Binding to CD 21
T. Cell respond forming smudge cells
Which drug is avoided in mononucleosis
Amoxicillin in mononucleosis causes maculopapular rash
What are manifestations of cmv
Mononucleosis with negative monospot test in immunocompetent
Infection in immunosuppressed Ie cmv pneumonia in transplant, Esophagitis AIDS RETINITIS- hemorrhage cotton wool exudates vision loss Congenital cmv infection
Where does cmv remain latent
In monocytes
What do infected cmv cells look like
Owl eye intranuclear inclusion
Features of congenital cmv infection
Hearing loss Seizures Petechial rash and blueberry muffin rash Chorioretinitis Periventricular calcification
How is HSV virus identified in lab
For skin and genitalia—- culture
For cns—- do CSF PCR
TZANKS SMEAR—- from opened skin vesicle shows multinucleated giant cell which have intranuclear eosinophilic cowdry type A inclusion/-1 to 3 hhv
Entry receptor for CMV
Integrins ( heparan sulfate)
Entry receptor for PARVOVIRUS B 19
P antigen on rbc
Entry antigen for rabies virus
Nicotinic ACH receptor
Entry receptor for rhinovirus
ICAM 1
All RNA VIRUS replicate in cytoplasm except
Retrovirus HIV
Influenza virus
Disease caused by reoviruses
Rota virus causes fatal diarrhoea in children
Coltivirus is an arbovirus causing colorado tick fever caused by bite of ticks
Name various picorna virus
PERCH
POLIO
Echo virus - aseptic meningitis
Rhinovirus- common cold
Coxsackie - aseptic meningitis hand foot mouth synd, herpangina- fever with mouth blisters, heart—/ pericarditis and myocarditis
HAV - acute viral hepatitis
Name the genuses of hepatitis viruses
HAV PICORNA - rna
HBV HEPADNA—- dna
HCV - flavivirus - rna
HDV DELTA VIRUS - rna
Diseases caused by flaviviruses
HCV YELLOW FEVER DENGUE ZIKA WEST NILE ENCEPHALITIS ST LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS
Diseases caused by toga viruses
CREW
CHIKUN GUNYA WHICH IS A CO INFECTION WITH DENGUE
Rubella
Eastern and western equine encephalitis
Disease by paramyxovirus
Parainfluenza - croup
RSV - bronchiolitis in babies
Mumps measles
Diseases caused by filovirus
Ebola
Marburg haemorrhagic fever
Both are fatal
Name the segmented viruses
All are RNA viruses
BARO
bunya— hanta virus haemorrhagic- 3 segments
Arena - lasss fever/ LCMV- 2 segments
Reo —rota colti- 10 to 12 segments
Orthomyxo- influenza - 8 segments
Yellow fever is transmitted by
Aedes mosquito bite transmits yellow fever virus which is a flavivirus
Features of yellow fever
High fever
Black vomitus
Jaundice and severe hepatitis
Features of hepatitis in yellow fevef
Mid zone hepatic necrosis
Dying hepatocyte condense into eosinophillic contracted form known as councilmans bodies
These are inclusion due to apoptosis and are non specific
Pathomechanism of rota virus
Villous destruction with atrophy
Loss of potassium and reduced absorption of sodium
Routine vaccination of rota virus is not given in which children?
One with intusucceptiion
Scid disease
What is antigenic shift
Sudden severe pandemics
Due to REASSORTMENT OF VIRAL GENOME SEGMENTS
BTN HUMAN INFLUENZA A AND SWINE FLU A VIRUS
Antigenic drift
Drifts are gradual minor changes based on mutations in hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes
Causes epidemics
Congenital rubella
Blueberry muffin appearence due to dermal extramedullary hemopoeisis
A premature infant is given this drug as prophylaxis to prevent RSV PNEUMONIA
Palivizumab- monoclonal antibody against F protein of paramyxovirus- RSV VIRUS
Acute laryngotracheobronchitis sign on xray
Steeple sign
Features of croup
Acute LTB causes of parainfluenza
Barking cough with inspiratory stridor and hence obstruction likely can cause pulsus paradoxus
Lymph node biopsy in measles
Lymphadenitis with paracortical hyperplasia
Having fused lymphocytes—- warthin finked ley giant cells
Effects of mumps virus
Parotitis
Orchitis - sterility after puberty
Pancreatitis
Aseptic meningitis
Route of transmission of rabies
Bat racoon skunk bites
Dog bites if not in usa
Bat caves aerosol
Travel of rabies virus in body
Entry into neurons by acetyl choline receptors
Travels retrograde in axons using dynein motor tubules
Reaches cerebellum purkinje cells and hippocampus in temporal lobe
What are negri bodies
Intracytoplasmic inclusions in rabies infection
Seen in purkinje cells of cerebellum and hippocampal neurons
What cells ebola infect
Endothelial cells hence can cause haemorrhagic shock dic and death
Hepatocytes
Phagocytes
Effects of zika
Adults - conjunctivitis fever itchy rash
Pregnancy- congenital microcephaly and miscarriage
Outbreaks in tropical and subtropics
