Urinary Tr Org

Question 1

Diagnostic marker of uti

Answer 1

Urinary leukocyte esterase activity
Positive nitrite test—- reduction of urinary nitrates to nitrites by gram negative bacteria like e coli
Positive urease test from urease producing bugs like S saprophyticus proteus and kleibsella

Question 2

Leading cause of UTI. With pink lactose fermentation on mac conkey agar

Answer 2

E coli

Question 3

2nd leading cause of UTI in sexually active females

Answer 3

Staph saprophyticus

Question 4

3rd leading cause of UTI

which has mucoid capsules and hence forms viscous colonies?

Answer 4

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 5

Nosocomial And drug resistant UTI

ON Culture produces salmon red pigment colonies

Answer 5

Serratia marcescense

Question 6

Uti with struvite stones and on culture the organism shows swarming motility on agar

Answer 6

Proteus mirabilis

Question 7

Nosocomial and drug resistant uti with culture showing blue green pigment colonies and fruity odor

Answer 7

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 8

Treatment for pseudomonas?

CAMPFIRE drugs

Answer 8

CAMPFIRE
carbapenams
Aminoglycosides
Monobactams
Polymixin snd colisitin
Fluroquinolones cipro and levo
ThIRd gene and fourth gene cephalosporins- ceftazidine and cefepime

Extended spectrum penicillins—pipera and ticarcillin

Question 9

Corneal ulcers in contact lens wearers from minor trauma

Answer 9

Pseudomonas

Question 10

What 4 things pseudomonas produce?

Answer 10

Pyoverdine and pyocyanine pigments
Enz phospholipase C
Endotoxin which causes fever and shock
Exotoxin A which inactivates EF2

Question 11

Organism from unpasteurised milk?

Where does it survive

Answer 11

Brucella

It survives in macrophages of reticuloendothelial system

Question 12

Pneumonia acquired from contaminated Ac or water coolant system?
What are special stain and growth requirements?

Answer 12

Legionella pneumophilla
Stains poorly or negatively with gram stain
So special silver stain is used
It needs special BCYE medium ie
buffered charcoal yeast extract agar with
Iron and cysteine fortification..

Question 13

Patient with atypical pneumonia likely infected from contaminated water AC source has major confusion and diarrhoea
May also produce what electrolyte
Imbalance?

Answer 13

Can produce hyponatremia due to stress induced SIADH

Question 14

What enzyme is produced by H influenza

Answer 14

Ig A protease

Question 15

Why is Hinfluenza fastidious?

Fastidious mean uptight… very precise and accurate needs.

Answer 15

Because it does not grow on simple agar. It grows only on chocolate agar
Or on agar with staph aureus—- gives satellite colonies
Chocolate agar contains factor X (hematin) and factor V (Nad+)