virtual relationships in social media Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 main theories of how self-disclosure operates within CMC

A
  • reduced cues theory

- hyper personal model

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2
Q

Who came up with the reduced cues theory

A

Sproull and Kiesler (1986)

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3
Q

What does the reduced cues theory imply

A

CMC relationships are less effective than face to face relationships

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4
Q

Why are CMC relationships less effective then FtF relationships

A

lack many cues we normally depend on in FtF interactions

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5
Q

Deindividuation factors

A

Non verbal cues, physical appearance
emotional state
facial expressions
tone of voice

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6
Q

What can the lack of non verbal cues result in

A

deindividuation because of the reduction in our sense of identity

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7
Q

What do virtual relationships often involve

A

Blunt or aggressive communication

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8
Q

What does blunt or aggressive communication lead to

A

reluctance to self-disclosure because you’re less likely to want to initiate a relationship with someone who appears impersonal

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9
Q

Who came up with the Hyper personal model

A

Walther’s (1996, 2011)

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10
Q

What does the hyper personal model state

A

Online relationships can be more personal and involve greater self disclosure than FtF ones

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11
Q

What is the explanation of the hyper personal model

A

CMC relationships can develop very quickly as self-disclosure happens earlier, once established they[‘re more intensive and intimate

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12
Q

What is a key feature self disclosure in virtual relationships

A

the sender of the message has more time to manipulate their online image than they would FtF \

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13
Q

What is self presentation

A

manipulating your online image

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14
Q

Why can CMC relationships end faster

A

High excitement level of the interaction isn’t matched by the level of trust between the relationship partners

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15
Q

What is the boom and bust phenomenon of online relationships cooper and Sportolari (1997)

A

Relationships end faster due to high excitement not being matched by the level of trust between partners

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16
Q

What do people online have more control over

A

What to disclose and the cues they send

17
Q

How does manipulating self disclosure affect a relationship

A

Promote intimacy in CMC relationships by self presenting in a positive and idealised way

18
Q

What effect does anonymity have on a relationship

A

More hyperpersonal

19
Q

What did Bargh et al (2002) suggest

A

when you’re aware that other people don’t know your identity you fell less accountable for your behaviour

20
Q

What does Bargh et al (2002)’s theory lead to

A

someone disclosing more about themselves to a stranger than even their most intimate partner

21
Q

What is an element on online relationships

A

Absence of gating

22
Q

What is a “gate” in relationships

A

obstacle that can interfere with the early development of a relationship

23
Q

What are some gates in FtF interactions

A

Physical unattractiveness
stammer
social anxiety

24
Q

What did McKenna and Bargh argue in 1999

A

a huge advantage of CMC is the absence of gating

25
What happens when there's an absence of gating
self disclosure becomes more frequent and deeper unrealistic to FtF situations
26
How does absence of gating work
re-focusing attention on self disclosure and away from superficial or distracting features
27
What are people more interested in, in online relationships
What other people tell them rather than what they look like
28
What does the absence of gating allow
people are free to create online identities that they would never manage FtF IE: - Change sex gender - introvert can portray as an extrovert