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psychology exam > filter theory and attraction > Flashcards

filter theory and attraction Flashcards

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1
Q

What factors do both partners tend to share for romantic relationships to form

A

-geographical location
-ethnic group
-attitude
(Not always true)

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2
Q

What does the filter theory state

A

people help themselves in their selection of romantic partners by applying 3 levels of filters to candidates

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3
Q

Who proposed the filter theory

A

Kerckhoff and Davis 1962

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4
Q

What did Kerckhoff and Davis compare

A

attitudes and personalities of student couples in short term (U18) and long term relationships

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5
Q

What did Kerckhoff and Davis suggest about the filter theory

A

As we go through relationships our filter narrows down till we find the desirable one

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6
Q

What do gating features allow us to do

A

act as a filter allowing us to decide who is and who isn’t a potential partner

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7
Q

Where are gating features easily detected

A

Face to face interactions

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8
Q

What are gating features examples (physical)

A
  • physical attractiveness
  • age
  • social class
  • race
  • sexuality
  • gender
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9
Q

What are gating features examples not physical

A
  • stuttering
  • shyness
  • social anxiety
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10
Q

How do gating features affect people negatively

A

prevents people who’re less attractive or socially competent from developing relationships

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11
Q

What is a way that you can bypass gating

A

online gating features aren’t immediately evident

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12
Q

How many levels of filters are there in filter theory

A

3

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13
Q

What does social demography refer to

A

factors that influence the chances of potential partners meeting each other

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14
Q

What are examples of social demography

A
  • location
  • social class
  • education level
  • ethnic group
  • religion
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15
Q

What is assumed about potential partners

A
  • they live close
  • attended same school/uni
  • similar social circles
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16
Q

According to the filter theory who’re you more likely to form relationships with

A

someone who’s socially culturally similar to you

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17
Q

What doesn’t social demography discount

A

possibility of relationships forming beyond these parameters

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18
Q

What could affect the chances or relationships forming

A

living far away from people

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19
Q

Why is it easier to from relationships when they live closer to you

A

less effort

20
Q

What did Kerchhoff and Davis 1962 find

A

Similar attitudes were important to the development of romantic relationships only for couples less than 18 months

21
Q

What do partners need to agree on in early stages

A

basic values

22
Q

When agreeing on basic values what does it encourage

A

deeper communication and promotes self disclosure

23
Q

What did Byrne (1997) find

A

most people found having similar attitudes attractive at the beginning of a relationship

24
Q

What did Byrne conclude

A

similarity causes attraction and that relationships are less likely to last if there’s no similarity

25
Q

When does complementarity happen

A

one partner has traits that the other one lacks

26
Q

What is an example of complementarity

A

one partner being more dominant or confident in the relationship than the other

27
Q

Why is complementarity attractive

A

creates the feeling that together the 2 ppl are whole adding depth to the relationship making it more likely to flourish

28
Q

What did Kerckhoff and Davis find about the need for complementarity

A

opposites attract but only in the later stages of a relationship

29
Q

What is the validity of the filter theory

A
  • high face validity
  • reflects most peoples experiences of romantic relationships
  • particularly true of the way relationships change over time
30
Q

What did Winch’s study in 1958 find

A

similarities in personality interests and attitudes between partners are typical of the earliest stages of a relationship

31
Q

What did Winch find about complementary needs

A

it’s more important than similarity between partners who had been happily married for several years

32
Q

Who’s study does Winch’s study support

A

Kerckhoff and davis conclusions

33
Q

What does filter theory lack

A

temporal validity - predictions don’t stand up over time

34
Q

What has the rise of internet and dating apps reduced the importance of

A

social and demographic variables

35
Q

What does the internet increase the likelihood of

A

people pursuing a relationship outside their own social demographic

36
Q

What did Levinger find

A

many studies have failed to replicate the original findings that formed the basis of the filter theory (reduced liability)

37
Q

What did Levinger point towards

A

social changes over time and problems with defining the depth of relationships in term of length

38
Q

What problem does assuming that a longer relationship is a deeper one create

A

when applying the filter theory to other heterosexual couples within individualistic cultures

39
Q

What problems did Anderson et al find about the filter theory

A

In terms of cause and effect

40
Q

What did a longitudinal study by anderson et al find out

A

cohabiting couples become more similar in their emotional responses over time (emotional convergence0

41
Q

What did Davis and Rusbult discover

A

an attitude alignment effect in longer term relationships

42
Q

What did romantic partners being over time

A

their attitudes into line with each other

43
Q

What did Davis and rustbult find in their study

A

similarity is an effect of initial attraction and not a cause

44
Q

What were anderson et al’s findings

A

similarity increases over time

45
Q

What did anderson et als finding’s suggest

A

complementarity is not a particularly common feature of long term relationships

46
Q

What did gruber-baldini carry out

A

longitudinal study of married couples

47
Q

What did Gruber-baldini find

A

similarities between spouses in terms of intellectual ability and flexibility of attitudes increased over a 14yr period

psychology exam (18 decks)

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