Virology Table 1 Flashcards
Very small viruses with a particle size of about 18-26 nm and no envelope
Parvoviridae
“Parvus”
Latin
“Small”
Icosahedral virions that lack envelope
Anelloviridae
“Anello”
Latin
“Ring”
Ability of these viruses to produce tumors in infected hosts
Polyomaviridae
“Poly” and “oma”
Greek
“Many” and “tumor”
Describes wart-like lesions produced by these viral infections. Certain high-risk types are causative agents of genitcal cancers in humans
Papillomaviridae
“Papilla”
Latin
“Nipple”
At least 67 types infect humans especially in mucus membranes and some types can persist in lymphoid tissue
Adenoviridae
“Adenos”
Latin
“Gland”
The surface protein is characteristically overproduced during replication of the virus, which takes place in the liver and is shed in the bloodstream.
Hepadnaviridae
“Hepa”
Latin
“Liver”
Hepadnaviridae causes
Hepatitis B
Describing the spreading nature of skin lesions caused by these viruses
Herpesviridae
“Herpes”
Latin
“Creep”
Viruses under herpesviridae
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (oral and genital lesions)
Varicella zoster virus (chickenpox and shingles)
Cytomegalovirus
Epstein-Barr virus
Referring to the characteristic vesicular skin lesions
Poxviridae
Example of Pathogenic and pathogenic to animals poxviridae
Pathogenic (smallpox, vaccinia, molluscum contagiosum)
Pathogenic to animals (cowpox, monkeypox)
DNA viruses
Parvoviridae
Anelloviridae
Polyomaviridae
Papillomaviridae
Adenoviridae
Hepadnaviridae
Herpesviridae
Poxviridae
RNA viruses
PACH-RAT-FC-ROBRP-F
Picornaviridae
Astroviridae
Caliciviridae
Hepeviridae
Reoviridae
Arboviruses and Rodent Borne Viruses
Togaviridae
Flaviridae
Coronaviridae
Retroviridae
Orthomyxoviridae
Bunyaviridae
Rhabdoviridae
Paramyxoviridae
Filoviridae
The groups infecting are enteroviruses (polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and rhinoviruses) and hepatovirus (hepatitis A)
Picornaviridae
Star-shaped outline. Associated with gastroenteritis in humans and neurological disease in animals
Astroviridae
Has a cup-shaped depression on their surfaces
Caliciviridae
the cause of epidemic acute gastroenteritis
Noroviruses
Ether-resistant; Hepatitis E virus
Hepeviridae
Include retroviruses which have a distinct wheel-shaped appearance and cause
gastroenteritis
Reoviridae
Complex cycle involving arthropods (mosquitoes and ticks) as vectors that
transmit the virus to vertebrate hosts by their bite
Arboviruses and Rodent-
Borne Viruses
Disease under Arboviruses and Rodent-
Borne Viruses
Dengue, yellow fever, West Nile fever and encephalitis viruses
Many arboviruses that are major human pathogens called alphaviruses as well as
rubella virus belongs to this group
Togaviridae
A group of arbovirus that includes yellow fever virus and dengue virus. Most members are transmitted through blood-sucking arthropods. Hepatitis C is a flavivirus with no known vector
Flaviridae
Resemble orthomyxovirus but have petal-shaped surface projections arranged in
a fringe – similar to a solar corona
Coronaviridae
Classically, human coronaviruses cause mild acute respiratory tract illnesses –
“colds” – but more recently discovered coronaviruses causes
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and Covid-19
Contains a reverse transcriptase enzyme that produces a DNA copy of the RNA
genome. The DNA becomes integrated into host chromosomal DNA. The virus is
then replicated from the integrated “provirus” DNA copy
Retroviridae
Disease caused by retroviridae
Cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Include influenza viruses that infect humans or animals
Orthomyxoviridae
What is the reason why there is
the emergence of new human pandemic strains of influenza A viruses?
The segmented nature of the viral genome permits ready genetic reassortment
when two influenza viruses infect the same cell, presumably fostering the high
rate of natural variation among influenza viruses.
Majority are transmitted to vertebrates by arthropods
Bunyaviridae
These are transmitted not by arthropods but by persistently infected rodents via aerosols of contaminated excreta
Hantaviruses
Disease caused by Bunyaviridae
hemorrhagic fevers and nephropathy
Bullet-shaped virus. Viruses have broad host ranges
Rhabdoviridae
Paramyxoviridae
Includes mumps, measles, parainfluenza, and respiratory syncytial virus
Marburg and Ebola virus cause severe hemorrhagic fever in Africa
Filoviridae
What causes severe hemorrhagic fever in Africa
Marburg and Ebola virus
